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Chronicle of the Abbey of Evesham
The Chronicle of the Abbey of Evesham is a remarkable medieval history of one of England’s great Benedictine monasteries. Beginning with the abbey’s legendary and royal foundations, it traces the fortunes of Evesham through centuries of religious devotion, political conflict, legal struggle, rebuilding, reform, and royal patronage. At the heart of the chronicle is the abbey’s determination to defend its ancient liberties. Its monks record disputes with bishops, appeals to popes and papal legates, contested elections of abbots, lawsuits over lands and privileges, and the long struggle to preserve Evesham’s exemption from episcopal control. Alongside these institutional battles are vivid accounts of saints and miracles, including St Ecgwine, St Odulf and the royal martyr St Wistan, whose relics and cult formed an important part of the abbey’s identity. The chronicle also preserves a wealth of detail about everyday monastic life. It describes the building and repair of churches, cloisters, chapels, halls, mills, granges and fishponds; the acquisition of estates and revenues; the making of vestments, shrines, bells and liturgical books; and the provision of food, clothing, recreation and medical care for the monks. Successive abbots emerge not merely as religious superiors but as administrators, builders, patrons, diplomats and defenders of the community. Extending into the later Middle Ages, the narrative reflects the changing political world around Evesham, from the Norman Conquest and the Angevin kings to the Wars of the Roses and the reign of Henry VIII. The result is both a history of a single monastery and a richly detailed record of medieval English religious, legal, economic and political life. This edition offers modern readers direct access to one of the most important monastic chronicles of medieval England, revealing how the monks of Evesham understood their saints, their privileges, their rulers and their place in history.
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Paternal Family Tree: Oldenburg
Maternal Family Tree: Caroline Hohenzollern Queen Consort England 1683-1737
On 11th December 1743 [her father] Frederick V King of Denmark and Norway [aged 20] and [her mother] Louise Hanover Queen Consort Denmark and Norway [aged 18] were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Denmark and Norway. She the daughter of [her grandfather] King George II of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 60] and [her grandmother] Caroline Hohenzollern Queen Consort England. He the son of Christian VI King of Denmark and Norway [aged 44]. They were third cousin once removed.
On 3rd July 1746 Queen Sophia of Sweden was born to Frederick V King of Denmark and Norway [aged 23] and Louise Hanover Queen Consort Denmark and Norway [aged 21]. She a granddaughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland.
On 19th December 1751 [her mother] Louise Hanover Queen Consort Denmark and Norway [aged 27] died.
On 8th July 1752 [her father] Frederick V King of Denmark and Norway [aged 29] and [her step-mother] Juliana Maria Welf Queen Consort Denmark and Norway [aged 22] were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Denmark and Norway. He the son of [her grandfather] Christian VI King of Denmark and Norway.
On 1st September 1764 [her brother-in-law] William Elector of Hesse [aged 21] and [her sister] Electress Wilhelmina Caroline Oldenburg [aged 17] were married at Christiansborg Castle. She the daughter of [her father] Frederick V King of Denmark and Norway [aged 41] and [her mother] Louise Hanover Queen Consort Denmark and Norway. He the son of Frederick Hesse-Kassel [aged 44] and [her aunt] Mary Hanover [aged 41]. They were first cousins. He a grandson of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland. She a granddaughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland.
On 14th January 1766 [her father] Frederick V King of Denmark and Norway [aged 42] died. His son [her brother] Christian [aged 16] succeeded VII King of Denmark and Norway.
On 1st October 1766 Gustav III King Sweden [aged 20] and Queen Sophia of Sweden [aged 20] were married. She the daughter of Frederick V King of Denmark and Norway and Louise Hanover Queen Consort Denmark and Norway. He the son of Adolph Frederick King Sweden [aged 56] and Louisa Ulrika of Prussia Queen Consort of Sweden [aged 46]. They were second cousins. He a great x 4 grandson of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland. She a granddaughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland.
On 8th November 1766 [her brother] Christian VII King of Denmark and Norway [aged 17] and [her sister-in-law] Caroline Matilda Hanover Queen Consort Denmark and Norway [aged 15] were married at Christiansborg Castle. She by marriage Queen Consort Denmark and Norway. She the daughter of [her uncle] Frederick Louis Hanover Prince of Wales and Augusta Saxe Coburg Altenburg [aged 46]. He the son of [her father] Frederick V King of Denmark and Norway and [her mother] Louise Hanover Queen Consort Denmark and Norway. They were first cousins. He a grandson of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland. She a granddaughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland.
On 12th May 1771 [her father-in-law] Adolph Frederick King Sweden [aged 60] died in Stockholm apparently after having consumed a large meal, consisting of lobster, caviar, sauerkraut, kippers and champagne, topped off with 14 servings of his favourite dessert: hetvägg, made of semla pastries served in bowls of hot milk.
[her husband] Gustav III King Sweden [aged 25] succeeded King Sweden. Queen Sophia of Sweden [aged 24] by marriage Queen Sweden.
On 29th May 1772 [her husband] Gustav III King Sweden [aged 26] and Queen Sophia of Sweden [aged 25] were crowned King and Queen of Sweden.
On 1st November 1778 [her son] King Gustav IV of Sweden was born to [her husband] Gustav III King Sweden [aged 32] and Queen Sophia of Sweden [aged 32]. He a great grandson of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland. Coefficient of inbreeding 2.75%. He married 1797 his fifth cousin once removed Queen Fredrika Dorotea Vilhelmina.
On 25th August 1782 [her son] Prince Carl Gustav Duke of Småland was born to [her husband] Gustav III King Sweden [aged 36] and Queen Sophia of Sweden [aged 36]. He a great grandson of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland. Coefficient of inbreeding 2.75%. He died aged less than one years old.
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Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes
Récits d’un bourgeois de Valenciennes aka The Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes is a vivid 14th-century vernacular chronicle written by an anonymous urban chronicler from Valenciennes in the County of Hainaut. It survives in a manuscript that describes local and regional history from about 1253 to 1366, blending chronology, narrative episodes, and eyewitness-style accounts of political, military, and social events in medieval France, Flanders, and the Low Countries. The work begins with a chronological framework of events affecting Valenciennes and its region under rulers such as King Philip VI of France and the shifting allegiances of local nobility. It includes accounts of conflicts, sieges, diplomatic manoeuvres, and the impact of broader struggles like the Hundred Years’ War on urban life in Hainaut. Written from the perspective of a burgher (bourgeois) rather than a monastery or royal court, the chronicle offers a rare lay viewpoint on high politics and warfare, reflecting how merchants, townspeople, and civic institutions experienced the turbulence of the 13th and 14th centuries. Its narrative style combines straightforward reporting of events with moral and civic observations, making it a valuable source for readers interested in medieval urban society, regional politics, and the lived experience of war and governance in pre-modern Europe.
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On 23rd March 1783 [her son] Prince Carl Gustav Duke of Småland died.
In 1786 Frederick Christian Oldenburg II Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg [aged 20] and [her niece] Louise Auguste Oldenburg Duchess Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg [aged 14] were married. She the daughter of [her brother] Christian VII King of Denmark and Norway [aged 36] and [her former sister-in-law] Caroline Matilda Hanover Queen Consort Denmark and Norway. He the son of Frederick Christian Oldenburg I Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg [aged 64] and Charlotte Amalie Wilhelmine Unknown Duchess Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg.
On 31st July 1790 [her nephew] Frederick VI King of Denmark and Norway [aged 22] and Marie Sophie Hesse-Kassel Queen Consort Denmark and Norway [aged 22] were married. He the son of [her brother] Christian VII King of Denmark and Norway [aged 41] and [her former sister-in-law] Caroline Matilda Hanover Queen Consort Denmark and Norway. They were first cousins. He a great grandson of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland. She a great granddaughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland.
On 29th March 1792 [her husband] Gustav III King Sweden [aged 46] was assassinated. [her son] King Gustav IV of Sweden [aged 13] succeeded King Sweden.
The assassination of the king was enacted on the 16th of March 1792 at a masked ball at the Royal Opera House in Stockholm at midnight. Gustav had arrived earlier that evening to enjoy a dinner in the company of friends. During dinner, he received an anonymous letter that described a threat to his life written by the colonel of the Life Guards Carl Pontus Lilliehorn. After dinner the King continued through a corridor leading from the foyer towards the opera stage where the dancing took place. Anckarström took out the pistol from his left inner pocket, then either he or Ribbing pulled the trigger with the gun in Anckarström's hand. The king was carried back to his quarters, and the exits of the Opera were sealed. Anckarström was arrested the following morning and immediately confessed to the murder. The king had not been shot dead; he was alive and continued to function as head of state. However, the wound became infected, and on 29 March 1792. Gustav's funeral took place on 14 May 1792 at Riddarholmskyrkan.
In 1797 King Gustav IV of Sweden [aged 18] and Queen Fredrika Dorotea Vilhelmina [aged 15] were married. She by marriage Queen Sweden. He the son of Gustav III King Sweden [aged 50] and Queen Sophia of Sweden [aged 50]. They were fifth cousin once removed. He a great grandson of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland.
On 24th April 1802 Duke Augustus of Saxe Coburg Altenburg [aged 29] and [her niece] Karoline Amalie Hesse-Kassel Duchess Saxe Gotha Altenburg [aged 30] were married at Kassel. She the daughter of [her brother-in-law] William Elector of Hesse [aged 58] and [her sister] Electress Wilhelmina Caroline Oldenburg [aged 54]. He the son of Duke Ernest of Saxe Coburg Altenburg [aged 57] and Charlotte Saxe Meiningen Duchess Saxe Gotha Altenburg [aged 50]. They were fifth cousin once removed. She a great granddaughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland.
In 1803 [her brother-in-law] William Elector of Hesse [aged 59] was appointed Elector Hesse. [her sister] Electress Wilhelmina Caroline Oldenburg [aged 55] by marriage Electress Hesse.
In 1811 [her son] King Gustav IV of Sweden [aged 32] and [her daughter-in-law] Queen Fredrika Dorotea Vilhelmina [aged 29] were divorced.
On 21st August 1813 Queen Sophia of Sweden [aged 67] died.
Kings Wessex: Great x 21 Grand Daughter of King Edmund "Ironside" I of England
Kings Gwynedd: Great x 18 Grand Daughter of Owain "Great" King Gwynedd
Kings Seisyllwg: Great x 24 Grand Daughter of Hywel "Dda aka Good" King Seisyllwg King Deheubarth
Kings Powys: Great x 19 Grand Daughter of Maredudd ap Bleddyn King Powys
Kings Godwinson: Great x 21 Grand Daughter of King Harold II of England
Kings England: Grand Daughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland
Kings Scotland: Great x 4 Grand Daughter of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland
Kings France: Great x 11 Grand Daughter of King Charles V of France
Kings Duke Aquitaine: Great x 25 Grand Daughter of Ranulf I Duke Aquitaine
Kings Spain: Great x 10 Grand Daughter of John II King Aragon
Great x 4 Grandfather: Christian IV King of Denmark
10 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France
Great x 3 Grandfather: Frederick III King of Denmark
11 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France
Great x 2 Grandfather: Christian V King of Denmark and Norway
12 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France
Great x 4 Grandfather: George Hanover Duke Brunswick-Lüneburg
Great x 3 Grandmother: Sophie Amalie Hanover Queen Consort Denmark
11 x Great Granddaughter of King Philip III of France
Great x 4 Grandmother: Anne Eleonore Hesse Darmstadt Duchess Brunswick-Lüneburg 10 x Great Granddaughter of King Philip III of France
Great x 1 Grandfather: Frederick IV King of Denmark and Norway
8 x Great Grandson of John II King Aragon
Great x 4 Grandfather: Landgrave William V of Hesse-Kassel 10 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France
Great x 3 Grandfather: Wilhelm "The Just" VI Hesse-Kassel 11 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France
Great x 2 Grandmother: Charlotte Amalie Hesse-Kassel Queen Consort Denmark and Norway 7 x Great Granddaughter of John II King Aragon
Great x 4 Grandfather: George William Hohenzollern 5 x Great Grandson of John II King Aragon
Great x 3 Grandmother: Hedwig Sophia Hohenzollern 6 x Great Granddaughter of John II King Aragon
Great x 4 Grandmother: Elisabeth Charlotte Palatinate Simmern
6 x Great Granddaughter of King Charles V of France
Grandfather: Christian VI King of Denmark and Norway
8 x Great Grandson of John II King Aragon
Great x 4 Grandfather: Duke John VII of Mecklenburg-Schwerin 9 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France
Great x 3 Grandfather: Duke John Albert II of Mecklenburg 10 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France
Great x 4 Grandmother: Sophia Oldenburg
9 x Great Granddaughter of King Philip III of France
Great x 2 Grandfather: Duke Gustav Adolph of Mecklenburg-Güstrow 11 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France
Great x 1 Grandmother: Louise of Mecklenburg Güstrow Queen Consort Denmark and Norway 7 x Great Granddaughter of John II King Aragon
Great x 3 Grandfather: Frederick III Duke of Holstein Gottorp
Great x 2 Grandmother: Magdalena Sibylla of Holstein Gottorp 6 x Great Granddaughter of John II King Aragon
Great x 4 Grandfather: John George Elector Saxony 10 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France
Great x 3 Grandmother: Marie Elisabeth of Saxony Duchess Holstein Gottorp 5 x Great Granddaughter of John II King Aragon
Great x 4 Grandmother: Magdalene Sibylle of Prussia 4 x Great Granddaughter of John II King Aragon
Father: Frederick V King of Denmark and Norway
9 x Great Grandson of John II King Aragon
Queen Sophia of Sweden
Granddaughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland
Great x 3 Grandfather: George Hanover Duke Brunswick-Lüneburg
Great x 2 Grandfather: Ernest Augustus Hanover Elector Brunswick-Lüneburg
11 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France
Great x 4 Grandfather: Landgrave Louis V of Hesse-Darmstadt 9 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France
Great x 3 Grandmother: Anne Eleonore Hesse Darmstadt Duchess Brunswick-Lüneburg 10 x Great Granddaughter of King Philip III of France
Great x 1 Grandfather: King George I Great Grandson of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland
Great x 4 Grandfather: Frederick IV Elector Palatine
8 x Great Grandson of King John "The Good" II of France
Great x 3 Grandfather: Frederick Palatinate Simmern V Elector Palatine Rhine
6 x Great Grandson of King Charles V of France
Great x 4 Grandmother: Electress Louise Juliana of the Palatine Rhine 5 x Great Granddaughter of King Charles V of France
Great x 2 Grandmother: Electress Sophia Palatinate Simmern
Granddaughter of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland
Great x 4 Grandfather: King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland Grandson of King James V of Scotland
Great x 3 Grandmother: Princess Elizabeth Stewart Queen Bohemia
daughter of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland
Great x 4 Grandmother: Anne of Denmark Queen Consort Scotland England and Ireland
10 x Great Granddaughter of King Philip III of France
Grandfather: King George II of Great Britain and Ireland
2 x Great Grandson of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland
Great x 3 Grandfather: George Hanover Duke Brunswick-Lüneburg
Great x 2 Grandfather: George Wilhelm Hanover Duke Brunswick-Lüneburg
11 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France
Great x 4 Grandfather: Landgrave Louis V of Hesse-Darmstadt 9 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France
Great x 3 Grandmother: Anne Eleonore Hesse Darmstadt Duchess Brunswick-Lüneburg 10 x Great Granddaughter of King Philip III of France
Great x 1 Grandmother: Sophia Dorothea of Celle
12 x Great Granddaughter of King Philip III of France
Great x 2 Grandmother: Eleonore Esmier D'Olbreuse Duchess Brunswick-Lüneburg
Mother: Louise Hanover Queen Consort Denmark and Norway
daughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland
Great x 4 Grandfather: John George Hohenzollern Margrave of Brandenburg 9 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France
Great x 3 Grandfather: Joachim Ernst Hohenzollern 10 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France
Great x 4 Grandmother: Elisabeth of Anhalt-Zerbst
Great x 2 Grandfather: Albert Hohenzollern 11 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France
Great x 1 Grandfather: John Frederick Hohenzollern 12 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France
Grandmother: Caroline Hohenzollern Queen Consort England 13 x Great Granddaughter of King Philip III of France