Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke
Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson.
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02 Oct is in October.
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. Bishop Cynewulf retired to Holy-island; Elmund, Bishop of Hexham, died on the seventh day before the ides of September [7th September 781], and Tilbert was consecrated in his stead, on the sixth day before the nones of October [2nd October 780]; Hibbald was consecrated Bishop of Holy-island at Sockbury; and King Elwald sent to Rome for a pall in behoof of Archbishop Eanbald.
On 2nd October 939 Gilbert Reginarids I Duke Lorraine (age 49) died.
Chronicum Anglicanum by Ralph Coggeshall. On the sixth day before the Nones of October [2nd October 1096], a comet appeared for fifteen days, emitting a larger tail toward the east and a smaller one toward the southeast. Other stars also appeared, seemingly sending flashes among themselves.
Sexto nonas Octobris stella cometes apparuit quindecim diebus, majorem emittens ad orientem, minorem versus euro-austrum. Apparuerunt et aliæ stellæ, quasi inter se emittentes.
On 2nd October 1241 Bishop Roger Niger was buried in St Paul's Cathedral [Map]. There was an eclipse of the sun the same day.
Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke [-1360]. In the year of our Lord 1326, in the eleventh year of the pontificate of Pope John XXII, and the twentieth and final year of the reign of King Edward of England, a civil war, customary to the English, was renewed by the army that had been assembled. Yet it could not last long, since the king and the earls, whom the treacherous armed force sought to capture, judged themselves too weak to resist and, effectively advising flight, attempted in vain to take refuge in fortifications suitable for defence. The king, realizing through his scouts that nearly the whole community of the realm had sided with his wife, terrified by false rumours, crossed into Wales1 with the two aforementioned earls and Robert de Baldock, along with a few others of his private household, having left the Earl of Winchester behind to defend the town and castle of Bristol.
Anno Domini MCCCXXVJ, pontificatus domini Iohannis pape XXIJ anno XJ regis vero Anglie Edwardi XX et ultimo, guerra intestina Anglicos consueta exercitare per exercitum descriptum renovatur, que proinde non poterat diu durare, quod rex et comites, quos expetivit manus armatorum prodiciosa, invalidos ad resistendum se putantes, municionibus aptis defensioni, quasi fugam consulentes, se commisisse frustra sunt conati. Rex nempe, percipiens per suos exploratores quod uxori sue tota pene regni communitas falsis territa rumouribus adhesit, cum duobus sepedictis comitibus et Roberto de Baldok, paucis quoque aliis de sua secreta familia, ad partes Wallicas se transmisit, dimisso comite Wintonie ad tuicionem ville et castri Bristollie.
Note 1. Edward abandoned London on the 2nd October 1326; he was at Gloucester on the 10th and 11th, at Westbury on the 12th, at Tintern on the 14th, at Chepstow on the 16th-21st, at Cardiff on the 27th, at Caerphilly on the 28th-30th. Parliamentary Writs, 2 (Chronicle abstr.) 451 sq.; Rymer's Fœdera 2.645, 646.
On 2nd October 1380 Gian Galeazzo Visconti 1st Duke Milan (age 28) and Caterina Visconti Duke Milan (age 19) were married in the Church of San Giovanni in Conca. They were first cousins.
On 2nd October 1386 John Montfort V Duke Brittany (age 47) and Joanna of Navarre Queen Consort England (age 16) were married at Saillé [Map]. She by marriage Duchess Brittany 1221 Dreux, Countess Richmond. His third marriage, her first. The marriage proceeded when her father Charles "Bad" II King Navarre (age 53) agreed to give his daughter 120,000 gold francs and to pay 6,000 francs owed to John, duke of Brittany, for the rent of certain lands. He, John, gave her the cities of Nantes [Map] and Guerrand [Map]. The difference in their ages was 31 years. She the daughter of Charles "Bad" II King Navarre and Joan Valois Queen Consort Navarre. They were second cousin twice removed. He a great x 2 grandson of King Henry III of England. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King Henry III of England.
On 2nd October 1452 Richard, the future King Richard III was born to Richard Plantagenet 3rd Duke of York (age 41) and Cecily "Rose of Raby" Neville Duchess York (age 37) at Fotheringhay Castle, Northamptonshire [Map]. He a great x 2 grandson of King Edward III of England. Coefficient of inbreeding 2.42%. He married 12th July 1472 his first cousin once removed Anne Neville Queen Consort England, daughter of Richard "Kingmaker" Neville Earl Warwick, 6th Earl Salisbury and Anne Beauchamp 16th Countess Warwick, and had issue.
Jean de Waurin's Chronicle of England Volume 6 Books 3-6: The Wars of the Roses
Jean de Waurin was a French Chronicler, from the Artois region, who was born around 1400, and died around 1474. Waurin’s Chronicle of England, Volume 6, covering the period 1450 to 1471, from which we have selected and translated Chapters relating to the Wars of the Roses, provides a vivid, original, contemporary description of key events some of which he witnessed first-hand, some of which he was told by the key people involved with whom Waurin had a personal relationship.
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On 2nd October 1470 Isabella Trastámara Duchess Milan was born to Alfonso II King Naples (age 21) and Ippolita Maria Sforza (age 24). She married February 1489 her first cousin Gian Galeazzo Sforza 6th Duke Milan, son of Galeazzo Maria Sforza 5th Duke Milan and Bona of Savoy.
The Receyt of the Ladie Kateryne Book 1 Chapter 1. Whan that after the prefixed promyses bitwene the noble kinges of the roiall realmes of Englond and of Hispayne, the doughtr and princesse (age 15) of the said King of Hispayne, for th' entente of matrymonie legallie to be fynesshid and concludid, to her prepaired navye of shippes with the right sufficiaunt gardie and companye of Noblis of that contreth to her assistentes lymyted and assigned theymself shold brefly order and condute. Th' mpacient wiendes of that coostis shold seme to have ben greatly aggreved and not peasably to suffer the before desyred passage of the said Princesse to the coostes of Englond, fatally ordynate and predestinate, the giest and also the dowrie of soo goodlie a ladie and princesse. Wherupon they cruelly with right great hudgenés of storm and tempest oppresed with their oultragious blastes the clothis of the said shippes; enhaunced their mastes owte of their sokettes, disrobbed their taklyng and all their hool remyge. The perilous seas with waves soo fearfully wrought and arrered that unto the rulers and craftie maryners was, moost to th' enfreight persones to be saveguarded, expediently thought to som of their owne lately forsaken havens they shold retourne their course; Where within short seasons it contentid Almyghtie God that more plesant wiends shold goodlie rule the journeis of the cleer eires above, thrugh whoes help and aide, unto th' Englisshe parties they were right shortly conveied, and fortunatly they [Catherine of Aragon] arryved at Plymmouthe [Map] [2nd October 1501], fer in the contreth of the west.
Calendar of State Papers of Spain. 4th October 1501. Voyage of the Princess of Wales [Catherine of Aragon (age 15)], and arrival in England. 305. The Licentiate Alcares to Queen Isabella (age 50).
The Princess of Wales embarked1 on Monday the 27th of September. At five o'clock in the afteroon the ship weighed anchor, and set sail. The weather was favourable at first, but changed after midnight. Continued their voyage until they were off Ushant [Map], without any great inconvenience. The winds were variable, but the sea was not rough. When they had passed Ushant [Map], however, they were overtaken by a most furious vendabal2, thunderstorms, and immense waves. Had a thunderstorm every four or five hours during the rest of the voyage. "It was impossible not to be frightened."
The following Saturday [2nd October 1501], at 3 o'clock in the afternoon, the Princess entered the harbour of Plymouth [Map], which is the first on the coast of England. "She could not have been received with greater rejoicings, if she had been the Saviour of the world." As soon as she left the boat, she went in procession to the church [Plymouth Monastery [Map]], where, it is to be hoped, God gave her the possession of all these realms for such a period as would be long enough to enable her to enjoy life, and to leave heirs to the throne.—4th of October.
Addressed: "To the very powerful Queen of Spain, our excellent Lady." Spanish. Holograph, pp. 2.
Note 2. "Viento de abajo" (wind from below), that is, according to Castilian phraseology, south wind.
Letters and Papers Foreign and Domestic Henry VIII 1530. 1st October 1530. P. S. 6658. Anne Seyntleger (age 75) and Margaret Boleyn (age 76), Widows.
Livery of lands in Ireland as daughters and heirs of Thomas Earl of Ormond, deceased. Hampton Court [Map], 24 Sept. 22 Henry VIII. Del. Chelsea, 1 Oct.
Pat. 22 Henry VIII. p. 2, m. 8.
R.O. 2. Original patent of the preceding.
2nd October 1530 Vit. B. XIII. 87 b. B. M. 6659.
As the beast, whom his correspondent knows, takes no account of his duty, nor of his own nor the King's honor, having no fear of deceiving or imposing on any one, I suggest that, for revenge, you should write to me, begging for the remainder of the money, mentioning my promises and your deserts, which were the chief cause of gaining friends for the King at Padua, and of the Paduan instrument, which the King highly values. You must also praise Simonetus, saying that Ambrose would have done nothing without him; and, without abuse of the Bishop, bewail his shabbiness. I will attest everything to the King from the relations of others. You must write to me two letters; one copy I will show to the man himself, and thus compel him to perform his promises, not without interest. If he does not do so soon, will take care that the King reads the other letter. The consequences will be more than perhaps you hoped. You may be sure that I will do what I can, either by myself or through friends. Venice, 2 Oct.
Letters and Papers Foreign and Domestic Henry VIII 1535. 2nd October 1535. R. O. 525. Sir Richard Graynfeld to Lord Lisle (age 71).
Came to the Court on Michaelmas eve, intending to take leave of the King and to have been with you on the 6 Oct.; but on taking my leave the King told me that Rensele desired to continue in his office. I told him I had paid him £400, and had his bond in 800 marks to surrender his patent by Bartholomew's Day; and I appealed to Master Secretary, who was called and spoke in my favor, and said this agreement was made before him. Dares not press the matter further till he knows the King's pleasure. Thinks that Edward Rensele has caused Norfolk and Master Treasurer to labor for him. Many think the writer has been wronged, insomuch that my lord of Norfolk, my lord Chamberlain, and Master Secretary called him before them, and promised he should not be injured. And Master Secretary said he would be as earnest in that matter with the King as ever he was, and that he would not leave his friend so. Does not fear of his succeeding, and will consider himself amply repaid for the great trouble he has had by being henceforth in Lisle's company. Hampton, Saturday after Michaelmas.
P.S.—It is said the King intends going on Monday to Porchester in your ship. Fitzgarret is committed to the Tower. My lord Leonard is returned into Ireland. "The King and the Queen (age 34) is merry and hawks daily, and likes Winchester and that quarter, and praises it much."
Hol., pp. 3. Add.
Henry Machyn's Diary. 2nd October 1553. The ij day her grace (age 37) mayd lxxiiij knyghts [Note. the list has eighty-nine], the morowe after her crownnasyon, the wyche her be ther names folowyng: (not inserted by the Diarist)
Note. P. 46. Knights made the morrow after the Coronation. Their names were as follow, according to a list in the MS. Coll. Arm. I. 7. f. 74.
The morowe after the day of Coronation, beinge the seconde day of October, at the palys of Wystmister, were dobyd the knightes of the carpet foloinge in the presence of the quenes majestie in her chamber of presens under the clothe of estate by therl of Arundell, lord stuarde of the quenes housse, who had of her highnes commission to execute the same:
The lord Garratte, Sir Edward Walgrave, Sir Christofer Allen, The lord Borough, Sir John Bourne, secretary, Sir Richard Freston, The lord Dudley, Sir Raff Chamberlen, Sir William Kelloway, Sir Thomas Stanley, Sir John Tyrell, Sir Henry Garton, Sir Edmond Wyndsor, Sir John Hodlestone, Sir John Tregonell, Sir Henry Ratclyff, Sir Robert Peckham, Sir Ambrose Jermyn, Sir Thomas Hastings, Sir Harry Lea, Sir Leonard Chamberlen, Sir Thomas Gerarde, Sir Rychard Tate, Sir John Croftes, The lord chef baron, Sir Edmond Grene, Sir Edmond Mauleverer, The lord chef justyce, Sir Robart Lane, Sir Rychard Bruges, Sir George Gefforde, Sir Rychard Stapleton, Sir James FytzJames, Sir Thomas Packington, Sir William Damsell, Sir Thomas Verney, Sir Thomas Lovell, Sir John Chichester, Sir James Williams, Sir John Spencer, Sir Harry Crypes, Sir William Meringe, Sir William Fitzwilliam, Sir Thomas Palmer, Sir Edward Pylson, Sir Thomas Androus, Sir Henry Ashley, Sir Edward Fytton, Sir William Courtney, Sir Rychard Stranguishe, Sir William Warham, Sir William Gresley, Sir George Mathwe, Sir Thomas Whyte, lord, Sir Thomas Cave, Sir John Cotton, mayor, Sir Edward Lytelton, Sir John Pollarde, Sir Thomas Throgmerton, Sir Philip Parreys, Sir John Warburton, Sir Edward Grevell, Sir Thomas White, Sir John Fermer, Sir Henry Stafford, Sir Thomas Metham, Sir Thomas Berenger, Sir William Wygston, Sir Rychard Lasen, Sir John Constable, Sir Harry Jones, Sir Thomas Dawney, Sir George Stanley, Sir John Bruse, Sir Robart Wyngfelde, Sir Rouland Stanley, Sir Robart Whitney, Sir Thomas Knyvett, Sir Rauf Egerton, Sir Rychard Chudley, Sir Roger Woodhouse, Sir Rychard Molineux, Sir Thomas Baskerfelde, Sir Francis Stoner, Sir Thomas Heskett, Sir Thomas Tyndall, Sir John a Lye, Sir Thomas Wayman, Sir Rychard Wallwine.
The arms of these knights are beautifully tricked in the Cottonian MS. Claud. C. III. but they are differently arranged, and some made at other times are interspersed. On this authority some slight amendment of the orthography of the names has been made where it appeared necessary.
A commission dated 17 Oct. empowering the earl of Arundel "to make so many persons knightes, within the tyme of two daies next ensuinge the date hereof, as by us shall be named, or by hymselfe may be thoughte mete, so as he excede not in the hole the numbre of threescore," is printed in Rymer's Fœdera, vol. xv. p. 350: but qu. its date?
Henry Machyn's Diary. 2nd October 1554. The ij day of October was bered the nobull duke of Norffok at a plasse callyd Fremyngham chyrche [Map]; and ther was a goodly hersse of wax as I have sene in thes days, with a dosen of banerrolles of ys progene, and xij dosen penselles, xij dosen of kochyons, and with standard, and iij cotes of armes, and a baner of damaske, and iiij banars of emages, and mony mornars, and a gret dolle, and after gret dener. [For the furnishing of which dinner were killed forty great oxen and a hundred sheep, and sixty calves, besides venison, swans, and cranes, capons, rabbits, pigeons, pikes, and other provisions both flesh and fish. There was also great plenty of wine; and of bread and beer as great plenty as ever had been known, both for] ryche and pore: all the co[untry came thither; and] a grett dolle of money ther wher [bestowed upon the poorer sort;] for he was cared from (unfinished).
Note. P. 70. Funeral of the duke of Norfolk. The MS. Harl. 897 says the duke died at Kenyng hall on Monday the 27. of August, and was buried at Fremyngham on Monday the last of September. His funeral is in Coll. Arm, I. 3, f. 103.
On 2nd October 1591 Margherita Gonzaga Duchess Lorraine was born to Vincenzo Gonzaga III Duke Mantua (age 29) and Eleanor de Medici Duchess Mantua (age 24). Coefficient of inbreeding 6.51%. She married 24th April 1606 her third cousin Henry Lorraine II Duke Lorraine, son of Charles "The Great" Lorraine III Duke Lorraine and Claude Valois Duchess Lorraine, and had issue.
On 2nd October 1598 John Brocket (age 58) died. He was buried at St Etheldreda's Church, Hatfield [Map]. His daughter Mary Brocket and her husband Thomas Reade (age 23) inherited Brocket Hall, Hertfordshire [Map].
Mary Brocket: she was born to John Brocket and Helen Lytton. In March 1598 Thomas Reade and she were married.
In 1611 Elizabeth Egerton (age 17) died. St Peter and St Paul Church, Little Gaddesden. Monument to Elizabeth Dutton, died 2nd October 1611, the granddaughter of Sir Thomas Egerton (age 71), Baron Ellesmere. She "liv'd true Spouse & Widow, dyed a maid". Her husband was killed, reputedly on their wedding day, in an accident in which they were riding the same horse. Elizabeth survived him only for a year or so. The monument was orignally in St Martin's-in-the-Fields but was relocated when that church was demolished.
Elizabeth Egerton: In 1594 she was born to Thomas Egerton and Isabella Venables.
On 2nd October 1617 Edward Fitton 1st Baronet (age 44) was created 1st Baronet Fitton of Gawsworth Hall by King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland (age 51).
On 2nd October 1617 Isaac Oliver (age 52) was buried.
Anne Boleyn. Her Life as told by Lancelot de Carle's 1536 Letter.
In 1536, two weeks after the execution of Anne Boleyn, her brother George and four others, Lancelot du Carle, wrote an extraordinary letter that described Anne's life, and her trial and execution, to which he was a witness. This book presents a new translation of that letter, with additional material from other contemporary sources such as Letters, Hall's and Wriothesley's Chronicles, the pamphlets of Wynkyn the Worde, the Memorial of George Constantyne, the Portuguese Letter and the Baga de Secrets, all of which are provided in Appendices.
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Diary of Anne Clifford. 2nd October 1619. The 2nd Kate Burton went away from serving me to her Father's house in Sussex.
Upon the 2nd I began to think I was quick with child so as I told it to my Lord (age 30), my Sister Sackville, and my Sister Compton.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 2nd October 1662. Up and to the office, where we sat till noon, and then to dinner, and Mr. Moore came and dined with me, and after dinner to look over my Brampton papers, which was a most necessary work, though it is not so much to my content as I could wish. I fear that it must be as it can, and not as I would. He being gone I to my workmen again, and at night by coach towards Whitehall took up Mr. Moore and set him at my Lord's, and myself, hearing that there was a play at the Cockpit [Map] (and my Lord Sandwich (age 37), who came to town last night, at it), I do go thither, and by very great fortune did follow four or five gentlemen who were carried to a little private door in a wall, and so crept through a narrow place and come into one of the boxes next the King's, but so as I could not see the King (age 32) or Queene (age 52), but many of the fine ladies, who yet are really not so handsome generally as I used to take them to be, but that they are finely dressed. Here we saw "The Cardinall", a tragedy I had never seen before, nor is there any great matter in it. The company that came in with me into the box, were all Frenchmen that could speak no English, but Lord! what sport they made to ask a pretty lady that they got among them that understood both French and English to make her tell them what the actors said.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 2nd October 1663. So home to dinner with my wife, who is over head and eares in getting her house up, and so to the office, and with Mr. Lewes, late, upon some of the old victuallers' accounts, and so home to supper and to bed, up to our red chamber, where we purpose always to lie. This day I received a letter from Mr. Barlow, with a Terella1, which I had hoped he had sent me, but to my trouble I find it is to present from him to my Lord Sandwich (age 38), but I will make a little use of it first, and then give it him.
Note 1. Professor Silvanus P. Thompson, F.R.S., has kindly supplied me with the following interesting note on the terrella (or terella): The name given by Dr. William Gilbert, author of the famous treatise, "De Magnete" (Lond. 1600), to a spherical loadstone, on account of its acting as a model, magnetically, of the earth; compass-needles pointing to its poles, as mariners' compasses do to the poles of the earth. The term was adopted by other writers who followed Gilbert, as the following passage from Wm. Barlowe's "Magneticall Advertisements" (Lond. 1616) shows: "Wherefore the round Loadstone is significantly termed by Doct. Gilbert Terrella, that is, a little, or rather a very little Earth: For it representeth in an exceeding small model (as it were) the admirable properties magneticall of the huge Globe of the earth" (op. cit, p. 55). Gilbert set great store by his invention of the terrella, since it led him to propound the true theory of the mariners' compass. In his portrait of himself which he had painted for the University of Oxford he was represented as holding in his hand a globe inscribed terella. In the Galileo Museum in Florence there is a terrella twenty-seven inches in diameter, of loadstone from Elba, constructed for Cosmo de' Medici. A smaller one contrived by Sir Christopher Wren (age 39) was long preserved in the museum of the Royal Society (Grew's "Rarities belonging to the Royal Society", p. 364). Evelyn was shown "a pretty terrella described with all ye circles and skewing all y magnetic deviations" (Diary, July 3rd, 1655).
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 2nd October 1664. After church I walked to my Lady Sandwich's (age 39), through my Lord Southampton's (age 57) new buildings in the fields behind Gray's Inn; and, indeed, they are a very great and a noble work. So I dined with my Lady, and the same innocent discourse that we used to have, only after dinner, being alone, she asked me my opinion about Creed, whether he would have a wife or no, and what he was worth, and proposed Mrs. Wright for him, which, she says, she heard he was once inquiring after. She desired I would take a good time and manner of proposing it, and I said I would, though I believed he would love nothing but money, and much was not to be expected there, she said.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 2nd October 1664. Lord's Day. My wife not being well to go to church I walked with my boy through the City, putting in at several churches, among others at Bishopsgate, and there saw the picture usually put before the King's book, put up in the church, but very ill painted, though it were a pretty piece to set up in a church. I intended to have seen the Quakers, who, they say, do meet every Lord's day at the Mouth at Bishopsgate; but I could see none stirring, nor was it fit to aske for the place, so I walked over Moorefields [Map], and thence to Clerkenwell church, and there, as I wished, sat next pew to the fair Butler, who indeed is a most perfect beauty still; and one I do very much admire myself for my choice of her for a beauty, she having the best lower part of her face that ever I saw all days of my life.
On 2nd October 1666 Marie Anne Bourbon was born illegitimately to Louis "Sun King" XIV King France (age 28) and Louise de La Vallière (age 22). She married her fourth cousin Louis Armand Bourbon Condé Conti Prince Conti.
On 2nd October 1671 Frederick IV King of Denmark and Norway was born to Christian V King of Denmark and Norway (age 25) and Charlotte Amalie Hesse-Kassel Queen Consort Denmark and Norway (age 21). He married (1) 5th December 1695 his third cousin once removed Louise of Mecklenburg Güstrow Queen Consort Denmark and Norway and had issue (2) 4th April 1721 Anne Sophie Reventlow Queen Consort Denmark and Norway.
John Evelyn's Diary. 2nd October 1685. Having a letter sent me by Mr. Pepys (age 52) with this expression at the foote of it, "I have something to shew you that I may not have another time", and that I would not faile to dine with him, I accordingly went. After dinner he had me and Mr. Houblon (a rich and considerable merchant, whose father had fled out of Flanders on the persecution of the Duke of Alva) into a private roome, and told us that being lately alone with his Ma*, and upon some occasion of speaking concerning my late Lord Arlington dying a Roman Catholic, who had all along seem'd to profess himselfe a Protestant, taken all the tests, &c. till the day (I think) of his death, his Ma* sayd that as to his inclinations he had known him long wavering, but from feare of looseing his places he did not think it convenient to declare himself. There are, says the King, those who believe the Church of Rome gives dispensations for going to church, and many like things, but that is not so; for if that might have ben had, he himselfe had most reason to make use of it. Indeede, he said, as to some matrimonial cases, there are now and then dispensations, but hardly in any cases else. This familiar discourse encourag'd Mr. Pepys to beg of his Ma*, if he might ask it without offence, and for that his Ma* could not but observe how it was whisper'd among many, whether his late Ma* bad ben reconcil'd to ye Church of Rome; he againe humbly besought his Ma* to pardon his presumption if he had touch'd upon a thing which did not befit him to looke into: the King ingenuously told him that he both was and died a Roman Catholic, and that he had not long since declar'd it was upon some politic and state reasons, best known to himselfe (meaning the King his brother) but that he was of that persuasion: he bid him follow him into his closet, where opening a cabinet, he shew'd him two papers, containing about a quarter of a sheete, on both sides written, in the late King's owne hand, severall arguments opposite to the doctrine of the Church of England, charging her with heresy, novelty and ye fanaticism of other Protestants, the cheif whereof was, as I remember, our refusing to acknowledge the Primacy and Infallibility of the Church of Rome; how impossible it was that so many ages should never dispute it, till of late; how unlikely our Saviour would leave his Church without a visible head and guide to resort to, during his absence; with the like usual topics; so well penn'd as to the discourse as did by no means seeme to me to have ben put together by the late King, yet written all with his owne hand, blotted and interlin'd, so as, if indeede it was not given him by some priest, they might be such arguments and reasons as had ben inculcated from time to time, and here recollected; and in the conclusion shewing his looking on the Protestant Religion (and by name the Church of England) to be without foundation, and consequently false and unsafe. When his Ma* had shewn him these originals, he was pleas'd to lend him the copies of those two papers, attested at the bottome in 4 or 5 lines, under his owne hand.
On 2nd October 1750 Cecil Bishopp 6th Baronet (age 49) wrote to Thomas Pelham Holles 1st Duke Newcastle-under-Lyne (age 57): "The last time I had the honour to be with your Grace... you gave me leave to trouble you with a letter, in case an employment should become vacant... I then mentioned... superintendent of the royal brass foundries at Woolwich... Tis a sinecure, and the salary £500 a year, and no more.".
On 2nd October 1760 Garrett Wellesley 1st Earl Mornington (age 25) was created 1st Earl Mornington, 1st Viscount Wellesley of Dangan Castle by King George III of Great Britain and Ireland (age 22) in reward for his services to music and philanthropy. Anne Hill Countess Mornington (age 18) by marriage Countess Mornington.
On 2nd October 1764 William Cavendish 4th Duke Devonshire (age 44) died. His son William (age 16) succeeded 5th Duke Devonshire, 8th Earl Devonshire, 8th Baron Cavendish Hardwick.
Anne Boleyn. Her Life as told by Lancelot de Carle's 1536 Letter.
In 1536, two weeks after the execution of Anne Boleyn, her brother George and four others, Lancelot du Carle, wrote an extraordinary letter that described Anne's life, and her trial and execution, to which he was a witness. This book presents a new translation of that letter, with additional material from other contemporary sources such as Letters, Hall's and Wriothesley's Chronicles, the pamphlets of Wynkyn the Worde, the Memorial of George Constantyne, the Portuguese Letter and the Baga de Secrets, all of which are provided in Appendices.
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On 2nd October 1791 George Gordon Lord Haddo (age 27) died from a fall from a horse at Gight aka Formartine Castle.
On 2nd October 1803 Louisa Maddelena Lennox was born to Charles Lennox 4th Duke Richmond (age 39) and Charlotte Gordon Duchess Richmond (age 35). She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
On 2nd October 1806 Arthur Lennox was born to Charles Lennox 4th Duke Richmond (age 42) and Charlotte Gordon Duchess Richmond (age 38). He a great x 3 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
On 2nd October 1822 Soma Orlai Petrich was born.
On 2nd October 1851 Algernon Percy was born to Algernon George Percy 6th Duke Northumberland (age 41) and Louisa Drummond Duchess Northumberland. He married 3rd August 1880 his fifth cousin once removed Victoria Frederica Edgcumbe, daughter of William Henry Edgecumbe 4th Earl of Mount Edgcumbe and Katherine Elizabeth Hamilton Countess Mount Edgcumbe, and had issue.
Monument [Map] to the engineer George Stephenson located on the junction of Westgate Road and Neville Street in Newcastle upon Tyne. The bronze statue, designed by John Graham Lough, was unveiled on October 2nd 1862. The decision to create the monument was made at a meeting of the Institute of Mechanical Engineers in 1858 which was presided over by his son Robert Stephenson and that other north eastern great, William Armstrong.
After 2nd October 1864. St Swithun's Church, Leadenham [Map]. Monument to General John Reeve of Leadenham House (deceased) and Susan Sherard (deceased).
General John Reeve of Leadenham House: On 28th July 1783 he was born to William Reeve of Leadenham and Millicent Mary King. In or before 1816 he and Susan Sherard were married. She the daughter of Philip Sherard 5th Earl Harborough. On 2nd October 1864 he died.
Susan Sherard: On 1st July 1802 she was born to Philip Sherard 5th Earl Harborough. On 3rd September 1864 Susan Sherard died.
On 2nd October 1889 Emily Frances Smith Duchess Beaufort (age 89) died.
On 2nd October 1894 Algernon St Maur 14th Duke of Somerset (age 80) died. His son Algernon (age 48) succeeded 15th Duke Somerset, 13th Baronet Seymour of Berry Pomeroy. Susan Margaret Richards Mackinnon Duchess Somerset (age 41) by marriage Duchess Somerset.
On 2nd October 1902 Alexander Montagu 10th Duke of Manchester was born to William Montagu 9th Duke Manchester (age 25) and Helena Zimmerman (age 24) at Tandragee Castle. He married (1) 5th May 1927 Nell Vere Stead Duchess Manchester and had issue (2) 7th February 1969 Elizabeth Fullerton.
Adam Murimuth's Continuation and Robert of Avesbury’s 'The Wonderful Deeds of King Edward III'
This volume brings together two of the most important contemporary chronicles for the reign of Edward III and the opening phases of the Hundred Years’ War. Written in Latin by English clerical observers, these texts provide a vivid and authoritative window into the political, diplomatic, and military history of fourteenth-century England and its continental ambitions. Adam Murimuth Continuatio's Chronicarum continues an earlier chronicle into the mid-fourteenth century, offering concise but valuable notices on royal policy, foreign relations, and ecclesiastical affairs. Its annalistic structure makes it especially useful for establishing chronology and tracing the development of events year by year. Complementing it, Robert of Avesbury’s De gestis mirabilibus regis Edwardi tertii is a rich documentary chronicle preserving letters, treaties, and official records alongside narrative passages. It is an indispensable source for understanding Edward III’s claim to the French crown, the conduct of war, and the mechanisms of medieval diplomacy. Together, these works offer scholars, students, and enthusiasts a reliable and unembellished account of a transformative period in English and European history. Essential for anyone interested in medieval chronicles, the Hundred Years’ War, or the reign of Edward III.
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On 2nd October 1933 Elizabeth Thompson Lady Butler (age 86) died.
On 2nd October 1948 Carlos Fitz-James Stuart 19th Duke of Alba 12th Duke of Berwick was born to Luis Martínez de Irujo y Artázcoz (age 29) and María del Rosario Cayetana Fitz-James Stuart 18th Duchess of Alba 11th Duke of Berwick (age 22). He married 13th June 1988 Matilde de Solís-Beaumont y Martínez de Campos.
On 2nd October 1975 Betty Ann Torrens Lady Wilbraham (age 68) died. Memorial at All Saints Church, Old Rode.
Betty Ann Torrens Lady Wilbraham: On 12th December 1906 she was born to William Matt Torrens of Hayes in Kent. On 26th February 1930 Randle John Baker Wilbraham 7th Baronet and she were married.
On 2nd October 1996 Ronald John Bilsland Colville 2nd Baron Clydesmuir (age 79) died. His son David (age 47) succeeded 3rd Baron CLydesmuir of Braidwood in Lanarkshire.
Memorial in the Moray Aisle, Edinburgh Cathedral [Map].
David Ronald Colville 3rd Baron Clydesmuir: In 1949 he was born to Ronald John Bilsland Colville 2nd Baron Clydesmuir.
On 2nd October 1452 Richard, the future King Richard III was born to Richard Plantagenet 3rd Duke of York (age 41) and Cecily "Rose of Raby" Neville Duchess York (age 37) at Fotheringhay Castle, Northamptonshire [Map]. He a great x 2 grandson of King Edward III of England. Coefficient of inbreeding 2.42%. He married 12th July 1472 his first cousin once removed Anne Neville Queen Consort England, daughter of Richard "Kingmaker" Neville Earl Warwick, 6th Earl Salisbury and Anne Beauchamp 16th Countess Warwick, and had issue.
On 2nd October 1470 Isabella Trastámara Duchess Milan was born to Alfonso II King Naples (age 21) and Ippolita Maria Sforza (age 24). She married February 1489 her first cousin Gian Galeazzo Sforza 6th Duke Milan, son of Galeazzo Maria Sforza 5th Duke Milan and Bona of Savoy.
On 2nd October 1591 Margherita Gonzaga Duchess Lorraine was born to Vincenzo Gonzaga III Duke Mantua (age 29) and Eleanor de Medici Duchess Mantua (age 24). Coefficient of inbreeding 6.51%. She married 24th April 1606 her third cousin Henry Lorraine II Duke Lorraine, son of Charles "The Great" Lorraine III Duke Lorraine and Claude Valois Duchess Lorraine, and had issue.
On 2nd October 1603 John Yonge 1st Baronet was born to Walter Yonge of Colyton and Jane Peryan.
On 2nd October 1625 Vere Essex Cromwell 4th Earl Ardglass was born to Thomas Cromwell 1st Earl Ardglass (age 31) and Elizabeth Meverell Countess Ardglass.
On 2nd October 1666 Marie Anne Bourbon was born illegitimately to Louis "Sun King" XIV King France (age 28) and Louise de La Vallière (age 22). She married her fourth cousin Louis Armand Bourbon Condé Conti Prince Conti.
On 2nd October 1671 Frederick IV King of Denmark and Norway was born to Christian V King of Denmark and Norway (age 25) and Charlotte Amalie Hesse-Kassel Queen Consort Denmark and Norway (age 21). He married (1) 5th December 1695 his third cousin once removed Louise of Mecklenburg Güstrow Queen Consort Denmark and Norway and had issue (2) 4th April 1721 Anne Sophie Reventlow Queen Consort Denmark and Norway.
The History of William Marshal was commissioned by his son shortly after William’s death in 1219 to celebrate the Marshal’s remarkable life; it is an authentic, contemporary voice. The manuscript was discovered in 1861 by French historian Paul Meyer. Meyer published the manuscript in its original Anglo-French in 1891 in two books. This book is a line by line translation of the first of Meyer’s books; lines 1-10152. Book 1 of the History begins in 1139 and ends in 1194. It describes the events of the Anarchy, the role of William’s father John, John’s marriages, William’s childhood, his role as a hostage at the siege of Newbury, his injury and imprisonment in Poitou where he met Eleanor of Aquitaine and his life as a knight errant. It continues with the accusation against him of an improper relationship with Margaret, wife of Henry the Young King, his exile, and return, the death of Henry the Young King, the rebellion of Richard, the future King Richard I, war with France, the death of King Henry II, and the capture of King Richard, and the rebellion of John, the future King John. It ends with the release of King Richard and the death of John Marshal.
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On 2nd October 1708 William Sutherland 17th Earl Sutherland was born to William Gordon aka Sutherland (age 24). He married 17th April 1734 his second cousin once removed Elizabeth Wemyss Countess Sutherland, daughter of David Wemyss 4th Earl of Wemyss and Elizabeth St Clair, and had issue.
On 2nd October 1730 Mary Bouverie Countess Shaftesbury was born to Jacob Bouverie 1st Viscount Folkestone (age 35) and Mary Clarke. She married before 17th September 1761 Anthony Ashley-Cooper 4th Earl Shaftesbury, son of Anthony Ashley-Cooper 3rd Earl Shaftesbury and Jane Ewer Countess Shafetsbury, and had issue.
On 2nd October 1731 Harriet Bouverie was born to Jacob Bouverie 1st Viscount Folkestone (age 36) and Mary Clarke. She died aged less than one years old.
On 2nd October 1766 Henry Vaughan aka Halford 1st Baronet was born to James Vaughan. He married 31st March 1795 Elizabeth Barbara St John Lady Halford, daughter of John St John 12th Baron St John and Susanne Louise Simond, and had issue.
On 2nd October 1768 General William Carr Beresford 1st Viscount Beresford was born illegitimately to George de la Poer Beresford 1st Marquess Waterford (age 33). He married 1832 his first cousin Louisa Beresford Viscountess Beresford, daughter of Archbishop William Beresford 1st Baron Decies and Elizabeth Fitzgibbon.
On 2nd October 1769 Frederick William Hervey 1st Marquess of Bristol was born to Frederick Augustus Hervey 4th Earl Bristol (age 39) and Elizabeth Davers Countess Bristol (age 36). He married before 29th December 1798 Elizabeth Albana Upton, daughter of Clotworthy Upton 1st Baron Templetown and Elizabeth Boughton Baroness Templetown, and had issue.
On 2nd October 1781 Charles Noel 1st Earl Gainsborough was born to Gerard Edwardes aka Noel 2nd Baronet (age 22) and Diana Middleton 2nd Baroness Barham (age 19). He married (1) 1809 Elizabeth Welman (2) 1817 Elizabeth Grey, daughter of George Grey 1st Baronet and Mary Whitbread Lady Grey, and had issue (3) 1820 Arabella Hamlyn-Williams, daughter of James Hamlyn-Williams 2nd Baronet and Diana Anne Whitaker, and had issue (4) 25th July 1833 Frances Jocelyn Countess Gainsborough, daughter of Robert Jocelyn 3rd Earl Roden and Maria Frances Catherine Stapleton Countess Roden, and had issue.
On 2nd October 1792 Anne Maria Louisa Irby was born to Frederick Irby 2nd Baron Boston (age 43) and Christian Methuen. She married before 19th December 1870 Henry John Peachey 3rd Baron Selsey, son of John Peachey 2nd Baron Selsey.
On 2nd October 1794 William Philipps 9th Baronet was born to John Philipps.
On 2nd October 1796 Henry Chamberlain 2nd Baronet was born to Henry Orland Chamberlain 1st Baronet (age 23) and Elizabeth Harrod. He married 11th May 1826 Harriet Mullen Lady Chamberlain and had issue.
On 2nd October 1799 Reverend Henry Montagu Browne was born to James Browne 2nd Baron Kilmaine (age 34) and Anne Cavendish. He married 11th April 1822 Catherine Penelope de Montmorency and had issue.
Anne Boleyn. Her Life as told by Lancelot de Carle's 1536 Letter.
In 1536, two weeks after the execution of Anne Boleyn, her brother George and four others, Lancelot du Carle, wrote an extraordinary letter that described Anne's life, and her trial and execution, to which he was a witness. This book presents a new translation of that letter, with additional material from other contemporary sources such as Letters, Hall's and Wriothesley's Chronicles, the pamphlets of Wynkyn the Worde, the Memorial of George Constantyne, the Portuguese Letter and the Baga de Secrets, all of which are provided in Appendices.
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On 2nd October 1802 Jane Rebecca Vyner Lady Biddulph was born to Robert Vyner (age 37). She married 12th April 1825 Theophilus Biddulph 6th Baronet, son of Theophilus Biddulph 5th Baronet and Hannah Prestridge Lady Biddulph, and had issue.
On 2nd October 1803 Louisa Maddelena Lennox was born to Charles Lennox 4th Duke Richmond (age 39) and Charlotte Gordon Duchess Richmond (age 35). She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
On 2nd October 1806 Arthur Lennox was born to Charles Lennox 4th Duke Richmond (age 42) and Charlotte Gordon Duchess Richmond (age 38). He a great x 3 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
On 2nd October 1809 Archibald John Primrose was born to Archibald Primrose 4th Earl Rosebery (age 25) and Harriett Bouverie Countess Camden (age 18). He married 20th September 1843 Catherine Lucy Wilhelmina Stanhope Duchess of Cleveland, daughter of Philip Henry Stanhope 4th Earl Stanhope and Catherine Lucy Smith Countess Stanhope, and had issue.
On 2nd October 1822 Soma Orlai Petrich was born.
On 2nd October 1824 George Milles 1st Earl Sondes was born to George John Milles 4th Baron Sondes of Lees Court (age 30) and Eleanor Knatchbull. He married 1859 Charlote Stracey, daughter of Henry Josias Stracey 5th Baronet, and had issue.
On 2nd October 1841 Capel Molyneux 7th Baronet was born to George Molyneux 6th Baronet (age 27) and Emma Green Lady Molyneux (age 26) at Castle Dillon House, Armagh [Map]. He married 13th January 1863 Mary Emily Fitzgerald Lady Molyneux.
On 2nd October 1851 Algernon Percy was born to Algernon George Percy 6th Duke Northumberland (age 41) and Louisa Drummond Duchess Northumberland. He married 3rd August 1880 his fifth cousin once removed Victoria Frederica Edgcumbe, daughter of William Henry Edgecumbe 4th Earl of Mount Edgcumbe and Katherine Elizabeth Hamilton Countess Mount Edgcumbe, and had issue.
On 2nd October 1853 Margaret Joan Lascelles Countess of Desart was born to Henry Thynne Lascelles 4th Earl Harewood (age 29) and Elizabeth Joanna Burgh (age 27). She married 19th July 1876 her second cousin Hamilton John Agmondesham Cuffe 5th Earl of Desart, son of John Cuffe 3rd Earl Desart and Elizabeth Lucy Campbell Countess Desart, and had issue.
On 2nd October 1870 John George Thorold 13th Baronet was born to John Henry Thorold 12th Baronet (age 28) and Alexandrina Henrietta Matilda Willoughby (age 25).
This is a translation of the 'Memoires of Jacques du Clercq', published in 1823 in two volumes, edited by Frederic, Baron de Reissenberg. In his introduction Reissenberg writes: 'Jacques du Clercq tells us that he was born in 1424, and that he was a licentiate in law and a counsellor to Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, in the castellany of Douai, Lille, and Orchies. It appears that he established his residence at Arras. In 1446, he married the daughter of Baldwin de la Lacherie, a gentleman who lived in Lille. We read in the fifth book of his Memoirs that his father, also named Jacques du Clercq, had married a lady of the Le Camelin family, from Compiègne. His ancestors, always attached to the counts of Flanders, had constantly served them, whether in their councils or in their armies.' The Memoires cover a period of nineteen years beginning in in 1448, ending in in 1467. It appears that the author had intended to extend the Memoirs beyond that date; no doubt illness or death prevented him from carrying out this plan. As Reissenberg writes the 'merit of this work lies in the simplicity of its narrative, in its tone of good faith, and in a certain air of frankness which naturally wins the reader’s confidence.' Du Clercq ranges from events of national and international importance, including events of the Wars of the Roses in England, to simple, everyday local events such as marriages, robberies, murders, trials and deaths, including that of his own father in Book 5; one of his last entries.
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On 2nd October 1870 Rear-Admiral Horace Hood was born to Francis Wheler Hood 4th Viscount Hood (age 32) and Edith Lydia Drummond Ward Viscountess Hood (age 22). He married 19th January 1910 Ellen Touzalin and had issue.
On 2nd October 1882 William Waldegrave 10th Earl Waldegrave was born to William Frederick Waldegrave 9th Earl Waldegrave (age 31) and Mary Dorothea Palmer Countess Waldegrave (age 32). Coefficient of inbreeding 3.32%.
On 2nd October 1893 William Frederick Victor Mordaunt Milner 8th Baronet was born to Frederick George Milner 7th Baronet (age 43) and Adeline Gertrude Denison Beckett-Denison (age 34).
On 2nd October 1898 Hugh Michael Seely 1st Baron Sherwood was born to Charles Hilton Seely 2nd Baronet (age 39).
On 2nd October 1902 Alexander Montagu 10th Duke of Manchester was born to William Montagu 9th Duke Manchester (age 25) and Helena Zimmerman (age 24) at Tandragee Castle. He married (1) 5th May 1927 Nell Vere Stead Duchess Manchester and had issue (2) 7th February 1969 Elizabeth Fullerton.
On 2nd October 1905 Hugh Edwardes was born to Hugh Edwardes 6th and 3rd Baron Kensington (age 32).
On 2nd October 1908 Ruth Sylvia Gill Baroness Fermoy was born to Colonel William Smith Gill (age 43). She married 17th September 1931 Maurice Roche 4th Baron Fermoy, son of James Roche 3rd Baron Fermoy and Frances Ellen Work Lady Fermoy, and had issue.
On 2nd October 1915 Major Evelyn Delves Broughton 12th Baronet was born to Major John Delves Broughton 11th Baronet (age 32) and Vera Edyth Griffith-Boscawen Lady Boughton (age 21). He married (1) 28th January 1947 Elizabeth Florence Marion Cholmondeley, daughter of Thomas Cholmondeley 4th Baron Delamere and Phyllis Anne Montagu-Douglas-Scott Baroness Delamere (2) 1955 Helen Mary Shore and had issue.
On 2nd October 1919 Henry Charles Bentinck 11th Earl of Portland was born to Robert Charles Bentinck (age 43) and Norah Ida Emily Noel (age 38). He a great x 3 grandson of King William IV of the United Kingdom.
On 2nd October 1923 Henry Leoline Lumley-Savile was born to John Savile Lumley-Savile 2nd Baron Savile (age 70). He married (1) 1st March 1946 Presiley June Inchbald and had issue (2) 4th January 1961 Caroline Jeffie Clive (3) 31st July 1972 Margaret Ann Phillips.
Annals of the six Kings of England by Nicholas Trivet
Translation of the Annals of the Six Kings of England by that traces the rise and rule of the Angevin aka Plantagenet dynasty from the mid-12th to early 14th century. Written by the Dominican scholar Nicholas Trivet, the work offers a vivid account of English history from the reign of King Stephen through to the death of King Edward I, blending political narrative with moral reflection. Covering the reigns of six monarchs—from Stephen to Edward I—the chronicle explores royal authority, rebellion, war, and the shifting balance between crown, church, and nobility. Trivet provides detailed insight into defining moments such as baronial conflicts, Anglo-French rivalry, and the consolidation of royal power under Edward I, whose reign he describes with particular immediacy. The Annals combines careful year-by-year reporting with thoughtful interpretation, presenting history not merely as a sequence of events but as a moral and political lesson. Ideal for readers interested in medieval history, kingship, and the origins of the English state, this chronicle remains a valuable and accessible window into the turbulent world of the Plantagenet kings.
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On 2nd October 1924 Walter Temple-Gore-Langton 8th Earl Temple of Stowe was born to Lieutenant-Commander Evelyn Temple-Gore-Langton (age 40).
On 2nd October 1935 Mathew John Anthony Wilson 6th Baronet was born to Anthony Thomas Wilson (age 26).
On 2nd October 1948 George Richard Bourchier Wrey 15th Baronet was born to Castel Richard Bourchier Wrey 14th Baronet (age 45).
On 2nd October 1948 Carlos Fitz-James Stuart 19th Duke of Alba 12th Duke of Berwick was born to Luis Martínez de Irujo y Artázcoz (age 29) and María del Rosario Cayetana Fitz-James Stuart 18th Duchess of Alba 11th Duke of Berwick (age 22). He married 13th June 1988 Matilde de Solís-Beaumont y Martínez de Campos.
On 2nd October 1380 Gian Galeazzo Visconti 1st Duke Milan (age 28) and Caterina Visconti Duke Milan (age 19) were married in the Church of San Giovanni in Conca. They were first cousins.
On 2nd October 1386 John Montfort V Duke Brittany (age 47) and Joanna of Navarre Queen Consort England (age 16) were married at Saillé [Map]. She by marriage Duchess Brittany 1221 Dreux, Countess Richmond. His third marriage, her first. The marriage proceeded when her father Charles "Bad" II King Navarre (age 53) agreed to give his daughter 120,000 gold francs and to pay 6,000 francs owed to John, duke of Brittany, for the rent of certain lands. He, John, gave her the cities of Nantes [Map] and Guerrand [Map]. The difference in their ages was 31 years. She the daughter of Charles "Bad" II King Navarre and Joan Valois Queen Consort Navarre. They were second cousin twice removed. He a great x 2 grandson of King Henry III of England. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King Henry III of England.
On 2nd October 1600 Thomas Beaumont 1st Viscount of Swords (age 18) and Elizabeth Sapcote (age 20) were married.
On 2nd October 1607 James Stewart 3rd Earl of Moray (age 16) and Anne Gordon Countess Moray were married. She by marriage Countess Moray. She the daughter of George Gordon 1st Marquess Huntly (age 45) and Henrietta Stewart Marchioness Huntly (age 34). He the son of James "The Bonnie Earl" Stewart 2nd Earl of Moray and Elizabeth Stewart 2nd Countess Moray. They were half third cousin once removed. He a great x 3 grandson of King Henry VII of England and Ireland.
On 2nd October 1734 Henry Harpur 5th Baronet (age 26) and Caroline Manners Lady Harpur and Burdett were married. She the daughter of John Manners 2nd Duke Rutland and Lucy Sherard Duchess Rutland (age 49). They were half fifth cousins.
On 2nd October 1742 Francis Scott (age 21) and Caroline Campbell 1st Baroness Greenwich (age 24) were married. She the daughter of John Campbell 2nd Duke Argyll (age 61) and Jane Warburton Duchess of Argyll. He the son of Francis Scott 2nd Duke Buccleuch (age 47) and Jane Douglas. They were fourth cousin once removed. He a great x 2 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
William of Worcester's Chronicle of England
William of Worcester, born around 1415, and died around 1482 was secretary to John Fastolf, the renowned soldier of the Hundred Years War, during which time he collected documents, letters, and wrote a record of events. Following their return to England in 1440 William was witness to major events. Twice in his chronicle he uses the first person: 1. when writing about the murder of Thomas, 7th Baron Scales, in 1460, he writes '… and I saw him lying naked in the cemetery near the porch of the church of St. Mary Overie in Southwark …' and 2. describing King Edward IV's entry into London in 1461 he writes '… proclaimed that all the people themselves were to recognize and acknowledge Edward as king. I was present and heard this, and immediately went down with them into the city'. William’s Chronicle is rich in detail. It is the source of much information about the Wars of the Roses, including the term 'Diabolical Marriage' to describe the marriage of Queen Elizabeth Woodville’s brother John’s marriage to Katherine, Dowager Duchess of Norfolk, he aged twenty, she sixty-five or more, and the story about a paper crown being placed in mockery on the severed head of Richard, 3rd Duke of York.
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On 2nd October 1760 Lionel Tollemache 5th Earl Dysart (age 26) and Charlotte Walpole Countess Dysart (age 22) were married. He the son of Lionel Tollemache 4th Earl Dysart (age 52) and Grace Carteret Countess Dysart.
On 2nd October 1800 William Pleydell-Bouverie 3rd Earl Radnor (age 21) and Catherine Pelham-Clinton (age 24) were married. He the son of Jacob Pleydell-Bouverie 2nd Earl Radnor (age 50) and Anne Duncombe Countess Radnor (age 42).
On 2nd October 1861 John Simeon 3rd Baronet (age 46) and Catherine Dorothea Colville Lady Simeon were married. She by marriage Lady Simeon of Grazeley in Berkshire.
On 2nd October 1875 Charles Stewart Vane-Tempest-Stewart 6th Marquess Londonderry (age 23) and Theresa Susey Helen Chetwynd-Talbot Marchioness Londonderry (age 19) were married at Alton, Cheadle, Staffordshire. She the daughter of Charles Chetwynd-Talbot 19th Earl of Shrewsbury 4th Earl Talbot (age 45) and Anna Theresa Cockerell Countess Shrewsbury and Waterford (age 39). He the son of George Henry Vane-Tempest 5th Marquess Londonderry (age 54) and Mary Cornelia Edwards Marchioness Londonderry (age 46).
On 2nd October 1878 Anthony Lucius Dawson 3rd Earl of Dartrey (age 23) and Mary Fitzgerald De Ros 24th Baroness Ros of Helmsley (age 24) were married.
On 2nd October 1878 Wilbraham Tollemache 2nd Baron Tollemache (age 46) and Mary Stuart Hamilton Baroness Tollemache (age 26) were married.
On 2nd October 1917 Humphrey Edmund de Trafford 4th Baronet (age 25) and Cynthia Hilda Evelyn Cadogan (age 21) were married.
On 2nd October 1923 (age 68) and Marie Campbell Baroness Leigh were married. She by marriage Baroness Leigh of Stoneleigh in Warwickshire.
On 2nd October 939 Gilbert Reginarids I Duke Lorraine (age 49) died.
On 2nd October 1334 Joan Verdun Baroness Furnivall (age 31) died at Alton, Cheadle, Staffordshire.
Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall
The Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall (Chronicon Anglicanum) is an indispensable medieval history that brings to life centuries of English and European affairs through the eyes of a learned Cistercian monk. Ralph of Coggeshall, abbot of the Abbey of Coggeshall in Essex in the early 13th century, continued and expanded his community’s chronicle, documenting events from the Norman Conquest of 1066 into the tumultuous reign of King Henry III. Blending eyewitness testimony, careful compilation, and the monastic commitment to record-keeping, this chronicle offers a rare narrative of political intrigue, royal power struggles, and social upheaval in England and beyond. Ralph’s work captures the reigns of pivotal figures such as Richard I and King John, providing invaluable insights into their characters, decisions, and the forces that shaped medieval rule. More than a simple annal, Chronicon Anglicanum conveys the texture of medieval life and governance, making it a rich source for scholars and readers fascinated by English history, monastic authorship, and the shaping of the medieval world.
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On 2nd October 1348 Alice Lacy Countess Leicester, and Lancaster 5th Countess of Salisbury 5th Countess Lincoln (age 66) died without issue at Barlings Abbey [Map]. Earl Salisbury, Earl Lincoln, Baron Pontefract and Baron Halton extinct.
On 2nd October 1394 Margaret Carew Baroness Grandison and Beauchamp died.
On 2nd October 1446 Robert Poynings 4th Baron Poynings (age 63) died at Orléans. His granddaughter Eleanor (age 24) succeeded 5th Baroness Poynings
On 2nd October 1484 Isabel York Countess Eu and Essex (age 75) died. She was buried at Beeleigh Abbey [Map].
On 2nd October 1679 William Bowyer 1st Baronet (age 67) died. His son William (age 40) succeeded 2nd Baronet Bowyer of Denham Court.
On 2nd October 1693 Elizabeth Washington Baroness Ferrers Chartley died.
On 2nd October 1710 Robert Needham 7th Viscount Kilmorey (age 27) died. His son Robert (age 8) succeeded 8th Viscount Kilmorey.
On 2nd October 1764 William Cavendish 4th Duke Devonshire (age 44) died. His son William (age 16) succeeded 5th Duke Devonshire, 8th Earl Devonshire, 8th Baron Cavendish Hardwick.
On 2nd October 1783 Joseph Leeson 1st Earl of Milltown (age 82) died.
On 2nd October 1786 Augustus Keppel 1st Viscount Keppel (age 61) died unmarried. Viscount Keppel of Elveden in Suffolk extinct.
Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.
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On 2nd October 1789 Francis Hastings 10th Earl Huntingdon (age 60) died unmarried at the home of his nephew Francis Rawdon-Hastings 1st Marquess Hastings (age 34). His fifth cousin once removed Theophilus (age 60) de jure 11th Earl Huntingdon although he wasn't aware of the fact. His sister Elizabeth (age 58) succeeded 16th Baroness Botreaux, 15th Baroness Hungerford, 13th Baroness Moleyns and 13th Baroness Hastings
On 2nd October 1842 Washington Shirley 8th Earl Ferrers (age 81) died. His grandson Washington (age 20) succeeded 9th Earl Ferrers, 15th Baronet Shirley of Staunton Harold in Leicestershire.
On 2nd October 1844 Admiral John Beresford 1st Baronet (age 78) died. His son George (age 33) succeeded 2nd Baronet Beresford of Bagnall in County Waterford.
On 2nd October 1878 Richard Sutton 4th Baronet (age 56) died. His son Richard (age 24) succeeded 5th Baronet Sutton of Norwood Park in Nottinghamshire.
On 2nd October 1889 Emily Frances Smith Duchess Beaufort (age 89) died.
On 2nd October 1894 Algernon St Maur 14th Duke of Somerset (age 80) died. His son Algernon (age 48) succeeded 15th Duke Somerset, 13th Baronet Seymour of Berry Pomeroy. Susan Margaret Richards Mackinnon Duchess Somerset (age 41) by marriage Duchess Somerset.
On 2nd October 1914 Edward Villiers 5th Earl Clarendon (age 68) died at The Grove, Watford [Map]. His son George (age 37) succeeded 6th Earl Clarendon, 6th Baron Hyde of Hindon in Wiltshire 1756. Adeline Verena Ishbel Cocks Countess of Clarendon (age 28) by marriage Countess Clarendon.
On 2nd October 1930 Edith Jane Morris Lady Colthurst (age 70) died.
On 2nd October 1933 George Arthur Hamilton Beaumont 11th Baronet (age 52) died. His son George (age 9) succeeded 12th Baronet Beaumont of Stoughton Grange in Leicestershire.
On 2nd October 1933 Elizabeth Thompson Lady Butler (age 86) died.
Abbot John Whethamstede’s Chronicle of the Abbey of St Albans
Abbot John Whethamstede's Register aka Chronicle of his second term at the Abbey of St Albans, 1451-1461, is a remarkable text that describes his first-hand experience of the beginning of the Wars of the Roses including the First and Second Battles of St Albans, 1455 and 1461, respectively, their cause, and their consequences, not least on the Abbey itself. His text also includes Loveday, Blore Heath, Northampton, the Act of Accord, Wakefield, and Towton, and ends with the Coronation of King Edward IV. In addition to the events of the Wars of the Roses, Abbot John, or his scribes who wrote the Chronicle, include details in the life of the Abbey such as charters, letters, land exchanges, visits by legates, and disputes, which provide a rich insight into the day-to-day life of the Abbey, and the challenges faced by its Abbot.
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On 2nd October 1951 Mary Elizabeth Colebrooke Countess Strafford (age 88) died.
On 2nd October 1953 Arthur Claud Spencer Chichester 4th Baron Templemore (age 73) died.
On 2nd October 1960 Guy Colin Campbell 4th Baronet (age 75) died. His son Guy (age 50) succeeded 5th Baronet Campbell of St Cross Mede in Hampshire.
On 2nd October 1975 Betty Ann Torrens Lady Wilbraham (age 68) died. Memorial at All Saints Church, Old Rode.
Betty Ann Torrens Lady Wilbraham: On 12th December 1906 she was born to William Matt Torrens of Hayes in Kent. On 26th February 1930 Randle John Baker Wilbraham 7th Baronet and she were married.
On 2nd October 1979 Reginald Walter Bagot 8th Baron Bagot (age 82) died. His half brother Heneage (age 65) succeeded 9th Baron Bagot of Bagot's Bromley in Staffordshire, 14th Baronet Bagot of Blithfield Hall.
On 2nd October 1996 Ronald John Bilsland Colville 2nd Baron Clydesmuir (age 79) died. His son David (age 47) succeeded 3rd Baron CLydesmuir of Braidwood in Lanarkshire.
Memorial in the Moray Aisle, Edinburgh Cathedral [Map].
David Ronald Colville 3rd Baron Clydesmuir: In 1949 he was born to Ronald John Bilsland Colville 2nd Baron Clydesmuir.
On 2nd October 1999 Alexander Lambert Hood 7th Viscount Hood (age 85) died. His son Henry (age 41) succeeded 8th Viscount Hood of Whitley in Warwickshire, 8th Baronet Hood of Catherington.
On 2nd October 2018 Charles Douglas Lowther 6th Baronet (age 72) died. His son Patrick (age 41) succeeded 7th Baronet Lowther of Swillington in West Yorkshire.