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All About History Books
The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
13 Feb is in February.
1536 Henry VIII becomes Supreme Head of the Church
1542 Catherine Howard Tower of London Executions
1575 Coronation and Marriage of Henry III King France
1601 First Voyage of the East India Company
1608 Death of Bess of Hardwick
Events on the 13th February
Letters. 13th February 1254. Letter XII. Eleanor of Provence Queen Consort England (age 31) and Richard of Cornwall 1st Earl Cornwall (age 45) to King Henry III of England (age 46).
To their most excellent lord, the lord Henry, by God's grace the illustrious king of England, lord of Ireland, duke of Normandy and Aquitaine, and earl of Anjou, his most devoted consort Eleanora, by the same grace queen of England, and his devoted and faithful Richard earl of Cornwall, send health with all reverence and honour.
Be it known to your revered lordship that the lords the earl marshall (age 45) and John de Bailiol (age 46), being hindered at sea by a contrary wind during twelve days, came to us in England on the Wednesday after the Purification of Blessed Mary last past.
We had been treating with your prelates and the magnates of your kingdom of England before the advent of the said Earl and John, on the quinzaines of St. Hilary last past about your subsidy, and after the arrival of the said Earl and John, with certain of the aforesaid prelates and magnates, the archbishops and bishops answered us that if the King of Castile (age 32) should come against you in Gascony each of them would assist you from his own property, so that you would be under perpetual obli gations to them; but with regard to granting you an aid from their clergy, they could do nothing without the assent of the said clergy; nor do they believe that their clergy can be induced to give you any help, unless the tenth of clerical goods granted to you for the first year of the crusade, which should begin in the present year, might be relaxed at once by your letters patent, and the collection of the said tenth for the said crusade, for the two following years, might be put in respite up to the term of two years before your passage to the Holy Land; and they will give diligence and treat with the clergy submitted to them, to induce them to assist you according to that form with a tenth of their benefices, in case the King of Castile should attack you in Gascony; but at the departure of the bearer of these presents no subsidy had as yet been granted by the aforesaid clergy. Moreover, as we have elsewhere signified to you, if the King of Castile should come against you in Gascony, all the earls and barons of your kingdom, who are able to cross the sea, will come to you in Gascony, with all their power; but from the other laymen who do not sail over to you we do not think that we can obtain any help for your use, unless you write to your lieutenants in England firmly to maintain your great charters of liberties, and to let this be distinctly perceived by your letters to each Sheriff of your kingdom, and publicly proclaimed through each county of the said kingdom; since, by this means, they would be more strongly animated cheerfully to grant you aid; for many persons complain that the aforesaid charters are not kept by your sheriffs and other bailiffs as they ought to be kept. Be it known, therefore, to your lordship, that we shall hold a conference with the aforesaid clergy and laity at Westminster, in the quinzaines of Passover next, about the aforesaid aid, and we supplicate your lordship that you will write us your good pleasure concerning these affairs with the utmost possible haste. For you will find us prepared and devoted, according to our power, to solicit the aforesaid aid for your use, and to do and procure all other things ....* which can contribute to your convenience and the increase of your honour. Given at Windsor [Map], the 13th of February, in the thirty-eighth year of your reign.
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On 13th February 1468 Juana Enríquez Queen Consort Aragon (age 43) died at Tarragona.
Wriothesley's Chronicle. 13th February 1536. The seconde sermon, being on Septuagesima Sundaie, their preached at Powles Crosse [Map] the Bishop of Rochester.a
Note a. John Hilsey, Prior of the Dominican Friars in London, appointed 4th October, 1535, to this see, then vacant by the execution of Bishop Fisher.
On 13th February 1542 Queen Catherine Howard (age 19) and Jane Parker Viscountess Rochford (age 37) were beheaded at Tower Green [Map]. Henry Howard (age 26) attended. They were both buried at St Peter ad Vincula Church, Tower of London [Map].
Mary Boleyn (age 43) was the heir of Jane Parker Viscountess Rochford being the sister of her deceased husband George Boleyn Viscount Rochford.
Letters and Papers Foreign and Domestic Henry VIII 1542. Next morning [13th February 1542], about 7, those of the Council except Suffolk, who was ill, and Norfolk, were at the Tower, accompanied by various lords and gentlemen, such as Surrey (Norfolk's son and the Queen's cousin), and she [Queen Catherine Howard of England (age 19)] was beheaded in the same spot where Anne Boleyn had been executed. Her body was then covered [with a black cloak]. and her ladies took it away. Then Lady Rochford (age 37) was brought, who had shown symptoms of madness till they told her she must die. Neither she nor the Queen spoke much on the scaffold; they only confessed their guilt and prayed for the King's welfare.
Wriothesley's Chronicle. 13th February 1542. And the 13th of February, beinge Monday, the sayd Quene, Katharine (age 19) put otherwise Lady Haward, was beheaded within the Tower on the grene, and my Lady of Rochforde (age 37) allso; the Lordes of the Counsell, with other noblemen, and certeine commoners, beinge there present at the execution, she beinge afore condempned by the body of the whole Parliament of high treason.
Letters and Papers Foreign and Domestic Henry VIII 1542. 13 Feb [1542]. R. O. Kaulek, 388. (Full abstract.) 100. Marillac To Francis I.
The Scottish ambassadors yesterday came to report that they had received this King's answer about the interview; which was in substance what he wrote on the 5th, viz., that this King would willingly grant an interview for two, but not for three. As they are sending the Cardinal of St. Andrews the said answer, which was given them in writing, Marillac could do no less than forward their letters with these; to which there is nothing to add but that Parliament has condemned this Queen (age 19) and the lady of Rochefort (age 37) to death. Her execution was expected this week, for last night she was brought from Syon to the Tower, but as she weeps, cries, and torments herself miserably, without ceasing, it is deferred for three or four days, to give her leisure to recover, and "penser au faict de sa conscience." As to the old duchess of Norfolk, some say she shall die, others that she shall keep perpetual prison, like her son lord William and daughter the countess of Brizchwatre. A few days will show.
All her goods are already confiscated, and are of marvellous value, 400,000 or 500,000 cr., for ladies in this country succeed for life to the moveables of their deceased husbands. Norfolk is greatly interested, since the greater part came to her through his late father; yet the times are such that he dare not show that the affair touches him, but approves all that is done.
P.S.—13 Feb.: After writing the above, was informed that to-day, Monday, 13th inst., the condemned ladies should be executed; and, indeed, about nine o'clock in the morning, this Queen first, and afterwards the lady of Rochefort, within the Tower, had their heads cut off with an axe, after the manner of the country. The Queen was so weak that she could hardly speak, but confessed in few words that she had merited a hundred deaths for so offending the King who had so graciously treated her. The lady of Rochefort said as much in a long discourse of several faults which she had committed in her life. It is not yet said who will be Queen; but the common voice is that this King will not be long without a wife, for the great desire he has to have further issue.
French. Modern transcript, pp. 3. Headed: Londres, 11 Fevrier.
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Chronicle of Greyfriars. 13th February 1542. And the 13th day of February was the Queen Katherine (age 19) and Lady Rocheford (age 37) be-heddyd within the tower, and there burryd.
Hall's Chronicle. 13th February 1542. To the whiche peticions the kyng graunted, saiyng that he thanked the Commons, that thei tooke his sorowe to bee theirs: Whereupon the Quene (age 19) and the Lady Rocheforde (age 37), were attainted by bothe the houses.
Hall's Chronicle. And so on the thirtene daie, these twoo Ladies were behedded on the Grene, within the Tower [Map] with an axe, and confessed their offences, and died repentaunt.
Holinshed's Chronicle. 13th February 1542. And so on the thirtéenth daie, those two ladies [Queen Catherine Howard of England (age 19) and Jane Parker Viscountess Rochford (age 37)] were beheaded on the greene within the towre with an ax, where they confessed their offenses, and died repentant.
Diary of Edward VI. 13th February 1551. The bishop of Winchester (age 68), after a longe triall, was deposed of his bishoprike.
Henry Machyn's Diary. 13th February 1562. The fryday after dyd pryche a-for the quen (age 28) at the cowrt the dene of Westmynster master Goodman (age 33).
On 13th February 1575 Henry III King France (age 23) was crowned III King France: Capet Valois Angoulême at Reims Cathedral.
General History of Voyages Volume 8 Chapter 10 Section 1 Preparation. Every thing being in readiness, the fleet departed from Woolwich, in the river Thames, on the 13th of February, 1600, after the English mode of reckoning, or more properly 1601. They were so long delayed in the Thames and the Downs, for want of wind, that it was Easter before they arrived at Dartmouth, where they spent, five or six days, taking in bread.and,other provisions, appointed to be procured there.
On 13th February 1608 Bess of Hardwick (age 81) died. She was buried in All Saints Church, Derby [Map]. Her monument, which she had constructed before her death, was designed by Robert Smythson (age 38). She left nothing in her will for her 'bad son' Henry Cavendish (age 57). He did, however, inherit Chatsworth House, Derbyshire [Map] which he subsequently sold in 1609 to his brother William Cavendish 1st Earl Devonshire (age 55) for £10,000.
The date of her funeral somewhat complicated. Rawsons 1910 book "Bess of Hardwick and her Circle" quotes Simpson's National Records of Derby for 1608: "The old Countess of Shrewsbury died about Candlemas this year, whose funeral was about Holy Thursday. A great frost this year. The witches of Bakewell hanged." Holy Thursday, the Feast of the Ascension, is thirty-nine days after Easter. Easter in 1608 was on the 6th of April, putting Holy Thursday on the 15th of May.
Ethel Carleton Williams "Bess of Hardwick", 1959, has a note: "9. The date of Bess of Hardwick's funeral is uncertain. The date on the coffin plate is said to be February 1608 (Cox and Hope, Chronicles of the Collegiate Church of All Saints, Derby), but on 31 March 1608 Gilbert Talbot wrote to Robert Cecil, excusing himself for not attending St George's Feast on the ground that his mother-in-law's funeral was to be on St George's Day (23 April). Later, on 3rd of April, the Earl of Arundel wrote to Gilbert (his father-in-law), 'the funeral at Derby is appointed to be either on the fourth or fifth of May, which Garter yet knoweth not, but rather thinketh on the fourth because the other is a holy day'".
Neither of which provide a definite answer. The former being around the 15th of May, the latter 'rather thinketh' the 4th of May. Are there any other contemporary sources available?
Diary of Anne Clifford. 13th February 1617. Upon the 13th the King made a speech in the Star Chamber about duels and combats, my Lord (age 27) standing by his chair where he talked with him all the while, being in extraordinary grace and favour with the King.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 13th February 1660. Monday. To my office till noon, thence home to dinner, my mouth being very bad of the cancer and my left leg beginning to be sore again. After dinner to see Mrs. Jem, and in the way met with Catan on foot in the street and talked with her a little, so home and took my wife to my father's (age 59). In my way I went to Playford's (age 37), and for two books that I had and 6s. 6d. to boot I had my great book of songs which he sells always for 4s. At my father's I staid a while, while my mother sent her maid Bess to Cheapside for some herbs to make a water for my mouth. Then I went to see Mr. Cumberland (age 28), and after a little stay with him I returned, and took my wife home, where after supper to bed. This day Monk (age 51) was invited to White Hall to dinner by my Lords; not seeming willing, he would not come. I went to Mr. Fage from my father's, who had been this afternoon with Monk, who do promise to live and die with the City, and for the honour of the City; and indeed the City is very open-handed to the soldiers, that they are most of them drunk all day, and have money given them. He did give me something for my mouth which I did use this night.
On 13th February 1660 Charles Gustav X King Sweden (age 37) died. His son Charles (age 4) succeeded XI King Sweden.
Diary of John Nicoll. 13th February 1661. Upone Weddinfday the 13 day of Februar 1661, the Marques of Ergyll (age 53), being prilfoner in the Caftell of Edinburgh, was callit for to anfuer to findry poyntis of horrid treafone, and, in his douncuming to the Parliament, wes gairdit with a number of mulketeiris; and thair, eftir fum fmall debaitt quhidder he fould be fuffered to fpeik befoir the reiding of the indictment; it wes caryed in the negative aganes him. So the accufation wes red, quhich wes of fourtene articles of treafone, and heich and liynous treafone, and being demandit Giltie or No Giltie; befoir he anfuered he had a long harangue, much relating to purge him felff by folempne oathes and proteftationes that he was frie of his Majefteis blood, that of the Marques of Huntleis and Montrois, as alfo of the Duke of Hammiltoun. He pretendit want of tyme to confult the proces with his advocattis, and fo the Parliament hath given him the 26 of this moneth of Februar, to prepare his defencis aganelt that tyme. Then the Lord Proveft of Edinburgh, wes ordored to returne him priffoner to the Caftell, quhilk wes reallie performit by a ftrong gaird of mulketeiris. Yit eftir this day, viz. the 26 day of Februar, upone the Marques fuplication to the Counfell, the Eftates of Parliament wer pleafit to grante a farder day to advyfe and confult his proces with his advocattis, viz. to the 5 of Marche thaireftir.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 13th February 1662. So to the office till night, and then home and to write by the post about many businesses, and so to bed. Last night died the Queen of Bohemia (age 65).
On 13th February 1662 Princess Elizabeth Stewart Queen Bohemia (age 65) died of pneumonia shortly after midnight. She was buried at Westminster Abbey [Map].
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 13th February 1663. Took my wife home, and I to my office. Find myself pretty well but fearful of cold, and so to my office, where late upon business; Mr. Bland sitting with me, talking of my Lord Windsor's (age 36) being come home from Jamaica, unlooked-for; which makes us think that these young Lords are not fit to do any service abroad, though it is said that he could not have his health there, but hath razed a fort of the King of Spain (age 57) upon Cuba, which is considerable, or said to be so, for his honour.
All About History Books
The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 13th February 1664. Up, and after I had told my wife in the morning in bed the passages yesterday with Creed my head and heart was mightily lighter than they were before, and so up and to the office, and thence, after sitting, at 11 o'clock with Mr. Coventry (age 36) to the African House, and there with Sir W. Ryder by agreement we looked over part of my Lord Peterborough's (age 42) accounts, these being by Creed and Vernaty.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 13th February 1665. Thence I to Westminster and by water (taking Mr. Stapely the rope-maker by the way), to his rope-ground and to Limehouse [Map], there to see the manner of stoves and did excellently inform myself therein, and coming home did go on board Sir W. Petty's (age 41) "The Experiment", which is a brave roomy vessel, and I hope may do well. So went on shore to a Dutch House to drink some mum, and there light upon some Dutchmen, with whom we had good discourse touching stoveing1 and making of cables. But to see how despicably they speak of us for our using so many hands more to do anything than they do, they closing a cable with 20, that we use 60 men upon.
Note 1. Stoveing, in sail-making, is the heating of the bolt-ropes, so as to make them pliable. B.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 13th February 1666. I away home, and there at the office all the afternoon till late at night, and then away home to supper and to bed. Ill newes this night that the plague is encreased this week, and in many places else about the towne, and at Chatham, Kent [Map] and elsewhere. This day my wife wanting a chambermaid with much ado got our old little Jane to be found out, who come to see her and hath lived all this while in one place, but is so well that we will not desire her removal, but are mighty glad to see the poor wench, who is very well and do well.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 13th February 1667. Up, and by water to White Hall, where to the Duke of York (age 33), and there did our usual business; but troubled to see that, at this time, after our declaring a debt to the Parliament of £900,000, and nothing paid since, but the debt increased, and now the fleete to set out; to hear that the King (age 36) hath ordered but £35,000 for the setting out of the fleete, out of the Poll Bill, to buy all provisions, when five times as much had been little enough to have done any thing to purpose. They have, indeed, ordered more for paying off of seamen and the Yards to some time, but not enough for that neither.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 13th February 1668. At noon home to dinner, and thence with my wife and Deb. to White Hall, setting, them at her tailor's, and I to the Commissioners of the Treasury, where myself alone did argue the business of the East India Company against their whole Company on behalf of the King (age 37) before the Lords Commissioners, and to very good effect, I think, and with reputation. That business being over, the Lords and I had other things to talk about, and among the rest, about our making more assignments on the Exchequer since they bid us hold, whereat they were extraordinary angry with us, which troubled me a little, though I am not concerned in it at all. Waiting here some time without, I did meet with several people, among others Mr. Brisband, who tells me in discourse that Tom Killigrew (age 56) hath a fee out of the Wardrobe for cap and bells1, under the title of the King's Foole or jester; and may with privilege revile or jeere any body, the greatest person, without offence, by the privilege of his place.
Note 1. The Lord Chamberlain's Records contain a copy of a warrant dated July 12th, 1661, "to deliver to Mr. Killegrew thirty yards of velvett, three dozen of fringe, and sixteene yards of Damaske for the year 1661". The heading of this entry is "Livery for ye jester" (Lowe's "Betterton (age 32)", p. 70).
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 13th February 1668. Thence took up my wife, and home, and there busy late at the office writing letters, and so home to supper and to bed. The House was called over to-day. This morning Sir G. Carteret (age 58) come to the Office to see and talk with me: and he assures me that to this day the King (age 37) is the most kind man to my Lord Sandwich (age 42) in the whole world; that he himself do not now mind any publick business, but suffers things to go on at Court as they will, he seeing all likely to come to ruin: that this morning the Duke of York (age 34) sent to him to come to make up one of a Committee of the Council for Navy Affairs; where, when he come, he told the Duke of York that he was none of them: which shews how things are now-a-days ordered, that there should be a Committee for the Navy; and the Lord Admiral not know the persons of it! And that Sir G. Carteret and my Lord Anglesey (age 53) should be left out of it, and men wholly improper put into it. I do hear of all hands that there is a great difference at this day between my Lord Arlington (age 50) and Sir W. Coventry (age 40), which I am sorry for.
John Evelyn's Diary. 13th February 1669. I presented his Majesty (age 38) with my "History of the Four Impostors;" he told me of other like cheats. I gave my book to Lord Arlington (age 51), to whom I dedicated it. It was now that he began to tempt me about writing "The Dutch War"..
John Evelyn's Diary. 13th February 1692. Mr. Boyle having made me one of the trustees for his charitable bequests, I went to a meeting of the Bishop of Lincoln (age 55), Sir Rob.... wood, and serjeant, Rotheram, to settle that clause in the will which related to charitable uses, and especially the appointing and electing a minister to preach one sermon the first Sunday in the month, during the four summer months, expressly against Atheists, Deists, Libertines, Jews, etc., without descending to any other controversy whatever, for which £50 per annum is to be paid quarterly to the preacher; and, at the end of three years, to proceed to a new election of some other able divine, or to continue the same, as the trustees should judge convenient. We made choice of one Mr. Bentley, chaplain to the Bishop of Worcester (Dr. Stillingfleet) (age 56). The first sermon was appointed for the first Sunday in March, at St. Martin's [Map]; the second Sunday in April, at Bow Church [Map], and so alternately.
On 13th February 1818 Richard Croft 6th Baronet (age 56) shot himself as a consequence of the death of Princess Charlotte Augusta Hanover to whom he had been physician during her labour. A copy of Shakespeare's Love's Labour's Lost was found open with the passage (Act V, Scene II): "Fair Sir, God save you! Where is the Princess?". He was buried at St James' Church, Piccadilly.His son Thomas (age 19) succeeded 7th Baronet Croft of Croft Castle in Herefordshire.
The Diary of George Price Boyce 1858. 13th February 1858. February 13. Miss Cooke came to sit for me. Little Simeon Solomon (age 17) called and stayed a long while and jawed and bored us considerably. Burges came up and I introduced them.
The Times. 13th February 1867. DEATH OF LORD FEVERSHAM. We regret to announce the death, after a short illness, of Lord Feversham (deceased), which occurred on Monday night at his residence in Great Cumberland Street. The late William Duncombe Baron Feversham, of Dancombe Park, County York, in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, was son of Charles first Lord by his marriage with Lady Charlotte Legge, only daughter of William, second Earl of Dartmouth. He was born on the 14th of January, 1798, so that he was in his 69th year. The deceased nobleman was educted at Eton [Map], and afterwards proceeded to Christ Church, Oxford. He married l8th of December, 1823, Lady Louisa Stewart (age 63), third daughter of George, eighth Earl of Galloway, by whom,who survives his Lordship, he leaves issue the Hon. Wiliam E. Duncombe (age 38), M.P., and Captain the Hon. Cecil Duncombe, of the 1st Life Guards, and three daughters, the Hon Jane, married l1th of April, 1849, to the Hon. Laurence Parsons; the Hon. Gertrude (age 39), married 27th of November 1&19, to Mr. Francis Horatio Fitzroy (age 43); and the Hon. Helen, married 18th of July, 1855, to Mr. William Becket Denison. Previously to his accession to the peerage on the death of his father in July, 1841, he represented Yorkshire in the House of Commons from 1826 to 1830. At the general election in 1831 he was unsuceessful candidate for the coenty, but was returned for the North Riding in the following year, which he continued to represent till 18S1. He voted against the Reforzn Bill of 1832, and was uniformly in favour of agricultural protection. He took great interest in agricultural pursuit, And was a distinguished member of the Royal Agricultural Society, of which he was one of the trustees The deceased noblemna is succeded by his eldest son, the Hon. Wiliam Ernest Duncombe, above mentioned, who was born January 28 1829, and married, August 7, 1851, Mabel Violet (age 33), second daughter of the late Right Hon. Sir James Graham, of Netherby. He was M.P. for East Retford from February, 1852, to 1857 and elected for the North Riding of Yorkshire inI 1859, anA was also returned at the last general election After a sharp contest, being second on the poll. He is Captain of the Yorkshire Yeomianry (Hussars) Cavalry, and Lientenent Colonel of the 2d North Riding like his deceased father, he is a supporter of Lord Derby, but in favour of such a measure of Parliamentary Reforms would give no undue preponderance to any one class, but would ensure to a fair distribution of political privileges.
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On 13th February 1904 Princess Irene Glücksburg was born to Constantine I King Greece (age 35) and Sophia Hohenzollern Queen Consort Greece (age 33). He a great grandson of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.
All About History Books
The Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough, a canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: "In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed." Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
The Times. 13th February 1915. Death of Sir Edward Antrobus (deceased)
Owner and Guardian of Stonehenge.
Colonel Sir Edward Antrobus, Bt., died at Amesbury Abbey [Map], on Thursday afternoon at the age of 67. He is succeeded by his only remaining brother, Mr. Cosmo Gordon Antrobus (age 55). His only son [Edmund Antrobus], who was a Lieutenant in the Grenadier Guards, was killed in action on October 24 last.
Sir Edmund Antrobus will be remembered as the owner of the famous Stonehenge, on Salisbury Plain, which was included in the Amesbury Abbey estate of about 8000 acres. After consulting with the Society of Antiquaries, the Society of Ancient Monuments, and the Wilts Archaeological Society, Sir Edmund determined to enclose the monument by wire fencing, and the action led to litigation in the High Court. In April, 1905, the Solicitor-General claimed an order against the owner to remove the fencing, and an injunction to restrain him from erecting such fencing. The claim was based on two grounds - (1) That Stonehenge was a national monument of great interest, and was subject to trust for its freer use by the public: and (2) that there were public roads running up to and through Stonehenge, and that those roads had been blocked by the defendant's fencing. Sir Edmund produced title deeds showing the purchase in fee by this great-great-uncle from the trustees of the Duke of Queensbury, some seventy years before, and an absolute fee simple title in himself. Mr. Justice Farwell, in giving judgement for Sir Edmund, observed that it was only fair to the defendant to say that he was not acting capriciously, but on expert advice, the preservation of the stones.
Sir Edmund, who was the fourth baromet, took a large share in local administration. He was an alderman of the Wilts County Council, a justice of the peace, a member of the Amesbury Rural District Council, and served on many local committees. A few years ago his intention of selling the Amesbury Abbey estate was announced, but the sale was never effected.
Sir Edmund Antrotus was formerly colonel of the 3rd Battalion of the Grenadier Guards, and served in the Suakin Expedition of 1885. He married, in 1886, Florence (age 59), daughter of the late Mr. J. A. Sartoris, of Hopsford Hall, Coventry.
Cosmo Gordon Antrobus 5th Baronet: On 22nd October 1859 he was born to Edmund Antrobus 3rd Baronet and Marianne Georgiana Dashwood Lady Antrobus. On 11th February 1915 Edmund Antrobus 4th Baronet died at his home Amesbury Abbey, Wiltshire Cosmo succeeded 5th Baronet Antrobus of Antrobus in Cheshire, and inherited the Amesbury Abbey, Wiltshire. On 21st September 1915 Cosmo Gordon Antrobus 5th Baronet sold Stonehenge at auction. It was bought by Cecil Herbert Edward Chubb 1st Baronet; see Archaeologia Cambrensis Series 6 Volume 15 1905 Stonehenge. On 29th June 1939 Cosmo Gordon Antrobus 5th Baronet died. His first cousin Philip succeeded 6th Baronet Antrobus of Antrobus in Cheshire.
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Births on the 13th February
On 13th February 1457 Mary Valois Duchess Burgundy was born to Charles "Bold" Valois Duke Burgundy (age 23) and Isabella Bourbon (age 21). She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward III of England. Coefficient of inbreeding 7.43%.
On 13th February 1539 Elizabeth Hesse Electress Palatine was born to Landgrave Philip I of Hesse (age 34) and Christine of Saxony (age 33).
On 13th February 1588 Anne West was born to Thomas West 2nd Baron De La Warr (age 32) and Anne Knollys Baroness De La Warr (age 32).
On 13th February 1602 Landgrave William V of Hesse-Kassel was born to Landgrave Maurice of Hesse-Kassel (age 29).
On 13th February 1645 Vere Fane 4th Earl of Westmoreland was born to Mildmay Fane 2nd Earl of Westmoreland (age 43) and Mary Vere Countess of Westmoreland (age 37) at Lamport Hall, Buckinghamshire.
On 13th February 1652 August Oldenburg was born to August Philipp Oldenburg I Duke Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck (age 39) and Marie Sibylle Nassau Saarbrücken Duchess Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck.
On 13th February 1686 John Churchill was born to John Churchill 1st Duke of Marlborough (age 35).
On 13th February 1698 Charles Fitzroy was born to Charles Fitzroy 1st Duke Southampton 2nd Duke Cleveland (age 35) and Anne Pulteney Duchess Southampton Duchess of Cleveland (age 34). He a grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
On 13th February 1698 Lieutenant-Colonel John Johnstone of Netherwood was born to William Johnstone 2nd Baronet (age 35).
On 13th February 1751 Richard Worsley 7th Baronet was born to Thomas Worsley 6th Baronet (age 24) at Appuldurcombe House, Isle of Wight.
On 13th February 1774 Robert Curzon Baron Zouche was born to Assheton Curzon 1st Viscount Curzon (age 44) and Dorothy Grosvenor Baroness Curzon.
On 13th February 1783 Hugh Fortescue 2nd Earl Fortescue was born to Hugh Fortescue 1st Earl Fortescue (age 29) and Hester Granville Countess Fortescue (age 17).
On 13th February 1794 John Rous 2nd Earl Stradbrooke was born to John Rous 1st Earl Stradbrooke (age 43).
On 13th February 1803 Samuel Mitchell was born to Samuel Mitchell of Sheffield and Whiteley Wood and Elizabeth Brightmore.
On 13th February 1820 Augustus Anthony Frederick Irby was born to George Irby 3rd Baron Boston (age 42) and Rachel Ives Drake Baroness Boston (age 37).
On 13th February 1829 Henry Lygon 5th Earl Beauchamp was born to Henry Beauchamp Lygon 4th Earl Beauchamp (age 45) and Susan Caroline Eliot (age 27).
On 13th February 1842 Beatrice Violet Graham was born to James Graham 4th Duke Montrose (age 42) and Caroline Agnes Horsley Beresford "Mr Manton" Duchess Montrose (age 24).
On 13th February 1847 Frederick Archibald Vaughan Campbell 3rd Earl Cawdor was born to John Frederick Vaughan Campbell 2nd Earl Cawdor (age 29) and Sarah Mary Compton Cavendish Countess Cawdor (age 33).
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The Deeds of King Henry V, or in Latin Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.
Available at Amazon as eBook or Paperback.
On 13th February 1849 Randolph Henry Spencer-Churchill was born to John Winston Spencer-Churchill 7th Duke of Marlborough (age 26) and Frances Anne Emily Vane Duchess of Marlborough (age 26) at 3 Wilton Terrace, Belgravia.
On 13th February 1854 Flora Paulyna Hetty Barbara Clifton Duchess Norfolk was born to Charles Frederick Abney-Hastings 1st Baron Donington (age 31) and Edith Maud Rawdon-Hastings 10th Countess Loudon (age 20).
On 13th February 1866 Cecil Victoria Kerr Baroness Montagu of Beaulieu was born to Schomberg Henry Kerr Kerr 9th Marquess Lothian (age 32) and Victoria Alexandrina Montagu-Douglas-Scott Marchioness Lothian (age 21).
On 13th February 1887 Eileen Wellesley was born to Arthur Charles Wellesley 4th Duke Wellington (age 37) and Kathleen Emily Bulkeley Williams Duchess Wellington (age 38).
On 13th February 1891 Grant Wood was born. The son of Francis Maryville Wood and Hattie DeEtte Weaver.
On 13th February 1893 Richard Tihel Leighton 10th Baronet was born to Bryan Baldwin Mawddwy Leighton 9th Baronet (age 25).
On 13th February 1894 David John Colville 1st Baron Clydesmuir was born.
On 13th February 1898 Gilbert George Benson Boileau 6th Baronet was born to Francis James Boileau 5th Baronet (age 26).
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The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 13th February 1898 Neville Arthur Pearson 2nd Baronet was born to Cyril Arthur Pearson 1st Baronet (age 31).
On 13th February 1904 Princess Irene Glücksburg was born to Constantine I King Greece (age 35) and Sophia Hohenzollern Queen Consort Greece (age 33). He a great grandson of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.
On 13th February 1907 Gerald Hugh Grosvenor 4th Duke Westminster was born to Hugh William Grosvenor (age 22) and Mabel Florence Mary Creighton.
On 13th February 1914 William Gerald Charles Cadogan 7th Earl Cadogan was born to Gerald Oakley Cadogan 6th Earl Cadogan (age 44).
On 13th February 1915 Roderic Pratt was born to John Pratt 4th Marquess Camden (age 43) and Joan Marion Neville Marchioness Camden (age 38).
On 13th February 1925 Caroline Cecily Douglas-Scott-Montagu was born to John Douglas-Scott-Montagu 2nd Baron Montagu of Beaulieu (age 58) and Alice Pearl Crake Baroness Montagu (age 30).
Marriages on the 13th February
On 13th February 1348 William "Rich" Dampierre I Marquis Namur (age 24) and Jeanne Beaumont Count Soissons, Blois, Chatillon and Namur (age 25) were married. He by marriage Marquis Namur. She the daughter of John Beaumont Count Soissons (age 60) and Margaret Nesle Countess Soissons (age 43). He the son of John Dampierre I Marquis Namur and Marie Artois. They were second cousins. He a great x 2 grandson of King Henry III of England. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King Stephen I England.
On 13th February 1585 William Russell 1st Baron Russell (age 25) and Elizabeth Long Baroness Russel Thornhaugh were married at Watford, Hertfordshire. He the son of Francis Russell 2nd Earl Bedford (age 58) and Margaret St John Countess Bedford.
On 13th February 1711 James Berkeley 3rd Earl Berkeley (age 31) and Louisa Lennox Countess Berkeley (age 16) were married. She by marriage Countess Berkeley. She the daughter of Charles Lennox 1st Duke Richmond (age 38) and Anne Brudenell Duchess Richmond (age 40). He the son of Charles Berkeley 2nd Earl Berkeley and Elizabeth Noel Countess Berkeley (age 57). They were sixth cousins. She a granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
On 13th February 1794 James Henry Blake 3rd Baronet (age 24) and Louisa Elizabeth Gage (age 28) were married at St George's Church, Hanover Square.
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The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 13th February 1808 Charles Cockerell 1st Baronet (age 52) and Harriet Rushout (age 38) were married.
On 13th February 1809 William Eliot 2nd Earl St Germans (age 41) and Letitia Acourt were married at Heytesbury, Wiltshire [Map].
On 13th February 1884 George Godolphin Osborne 10th Duke Leeds (age 21) and Katherine Frances Lambton Duchess Leeds (age 21) were married. She the daughter of George Frederick D'Arcy Lambton 2nd Earl Durham and Beatrix Frances Hamilton Countess Durham. He the son of George Godolphin Osborne 9th Duke Leeds (age 55) and Fanny Georgiana Pitt-Rivers Duchess Leeds (age 47). They were fourth cousin once removed. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
On 13th February 1947 John Ian Robert Russell 13th Duke Bedford (age 29) and Lydia Yarde-Buller Duchess Bedford (age 29) were married. She the daughter of John Yarde-Buller 3rd Baron Churston and Jessie Smither aka Denise Orme Duchess Leinster (age 61). He the son of Hastings William Russell 12th Duke Bedford (age 58) and Louisa Crommelin Roberta Jowitt Whitwell Duchess Bedford.
Deaths on the 13th February
On 13th February 999 Archbishop Ethelgar died.
On 13th February 1067 Geoffrey Arles 2nd Count Provence Count Forcalquier died. His niece Adelaide succeeded Countess Forcalquier.
On 13th February 1131 Elizabeth Capet Countess Leicester, Meulan and Surrey (age 46) died.
On 13th February 1214 Theobald of Bar I Count of Bar (age 54) died. His son Henry succeeded II Count Bar.
On 13th February 1468 Juana Enríquez Queen Consort Aragon (age 43) died at Tarragona.
On 13th February 1542 Queen Catherine Howard (age 19) and Jane Parker Viscountess Rochford (age 37) were beheaded at Tower Green [Map]. Henry Howard (age 26) attended. They were both buried at St Peter ad Vincula Church, Tower of London [Map].
Mary Boleyn (age 43) was the heir of Jane Parker Viscountess Rochford being the sister of her deceased husband George Boleyn Viscount Rochford.
On 13th February 1602 Dean Alexander Nowell (age 85) died.
On 13th February 1608 Bess of Hardwick (age 81) died. She was buried in All Saints Church, Derby [Map]. Her monument, which she had constructed before her death, was designed by Robert Smythson (age 38). She left nothing in her will for her 'bad son' Henry Cavendish (age 57). He did, however, inherit Chatsworth House, Derbyshire [Map] which he subsequently sold in 1609 to his brother William Cavendish 1st Earl Devonshire (age 55) for £10,000.
The date of her funeral somewhat complicated. Rawsons 1910 book "Bess of Hardwick and her Circle" quotes Simpson's National Records of Derby for 1608: "The old Countess of Shrewsbury died about Candlemas this year, whose funeral was about Holy Thursday. A great frost this year. The witches of Bakewell hanged." Holy Thursday, the Feast of the Ascension, is thirty-nine days after Easter. Easter in 1608 was on the 6th of April, putting Holy Thursday on the 15th of May.
Ethel Carleton Williams "Bess of Hardwick", 1959, has a note: "9. The date of Bess of Hardwick's funeral is uncertain. The date on the coffin plate is said to be February 1608 (Cox and Hope, Chronicles of the Collegiate Church of All Saints, Derby), but on 31 March 1608 Gilbert Talbot wrote to Robert Cecil, excusing himself for not attending St George's Feast on the ground that his mother-in-law's funeral was to be on St George's Day (23 April). Later, on 3rd of April, the Earl of Arundel wrote to Gilbert (his father-in-law), 'the funeral at Derby is appointed to be either on the fourth or fifth of May, which Garter yet knoweth not, but rather thinketh on the fourth because the other is a holy day'".
Neither of which provide a definite answer. The former being around the 15th of May, the latter 'rather thinketh' the 4th of May. Are there any other contemporary sources available?
On 13th February 1633 James Home 2nd Earl of Home (age 26) died. His half fifth cousin once removed James (age 17) succeeded 3rd Earl of Home. Jean Douglas Countess Home by marriage Countess of Home.
On 13th February 1639 Katherine Anderson Lady Dunham Massey (age 71) died at Bowdon, Altrincham, Cheshire.
On 13th February 1656 Ferdinando Hastings 6th Earl Huntingdon (age 48) died. His son Theophilus (age 5) succeeded 7th Earl Huntingdon, 12th Baron Botreaux, 11th Baron Hungerford, 9th Baron Moleyns and 9th Baron Hastings.
On 13th February 1660 Charles Gustav X King Sweden (age 37) died. His son Charles (age 4) succeeded XI King Sweden.
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The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 13th February 1662 Princess Elizabeth Stewart Queen Bohemia (age 65) died of pneumonia shortly after midnight. She was buried at Westminster Abbey [Map].
On 13th February 1722 William Bowyer 2nd Baronet (age 83) died. His grandson William (age 12) succeeded 3rd Baronet Bowyer of Denham Court.
On 13th February 1743 Elizabeth Gerard Duchess Brandon (age 63) died.
On 13th February 1744 Pierre Gobert (age 82) died.
On 13th February 1758 John Werden 2nd Baronet (age 74) died without male issue. Baronet Werden of Cholmeaton in Cheshire extinct.
On 13th February 1769 Mary Fitzwilliam Countess Pembroke and Montgomery (age 61) died.
On 13th February 1786 Cæsar Hawkins 1st Baronet (age 75) died. His grandson Cæsar succeeded 2nd Baronet Hawkins of Kelston in Somerset.
On 13th February 1796 Elizabeth Curtis Lady Smith died.
On 13th February 1797 Robert Burdett 4th Baronet (age 80) died. His grandson Francis (age 27) succeeded 5th Baronet Burdett of Bramcote in Warwickshire.
On 13th February 1818 Richard Croft 6th Baronet (age 56) shot himself as a consequence of the death of Princess Charlotte Augusta Hanover to whom he had been physician during her labour. A copy of Shakespeare's Love's Labour's Lost was found open with the passage (Act V, Scene II): "Fair Sir, God save you! Where is the Princess?". He was buried at St James' Church, Piccadilly.His son Thomas (age 19) succeeded 7th Baronet Croft of Croft Castle in Herefordshire.
On 13th February 1835 Georgiana Charlotte Graham Countess Nottingham Winchelsea (age 41) died at Haverholme Priory, Lincolnshire [Map].
On 13th February 1845 Kenneth Alexander Howard 1st Earl of Effingham (age 77) died. His son Henry (age 38) succeeded 2nd Earl of Effingham, 12th Baron Howard of Effingham. Eliza Drummond Baroness Howard (age 34) by marriage Countess of Effingham.
On 13th February 1847 Elizabeth Hoey Countess Shrewsbury and Waterford died.
On 13th February 1853 Jane Naper Lady Cornewall died.
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The Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough, a canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: "In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed." Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 13th February 1876 Theodosia Brabazon Countess Gosford (age 65) died.
On 13th February 1881 Richard Courtenay Musgrave 11th Baronet (age 42) died. His son Richard (age 8) succeeded 12th Baronet Musgrave of Hartley Castle in Westmoreland.
On 13th February 1907 Wentworth Beaumont 1st Baron Allendale (age 77) died. His son Wentworth (age 46) succeeded 2nd Baron Allendale of Allendale and Hexham in Northumberland.
On 13th February 1909 Dudley Gordon Alan Duckworth-King 5th (age 57) died. His son George (age 17) succeeded 6th Baronet King of Bellevue in Kent.
On 13th February 1942 William St John Brodrick 1st Earl of Midleton (age 85) died. His son George Brodrick (age 53) succeeded 2nd Earl Midleton, 9th Viscount Midleton of Midleton in Cork, 9th Baron Brodrick of Midleton in Cork, 7th Baron Brodrick of Peper Harrow in Surrey.
On 13th February 1955 John Frankland-Payne-Gallwey 4th Baronet (age 65) died. His first cousin Reginald (age 65) succeeded 5th Baronet Payne-Gallwey of Hampton Hill.
On 13th February 1955 Gervas Pierrepont 6th Earl Manvers (age 73) died. Earl Manvers, Viscount Newark, Baron Pierrepont of Holme Pierrepoint extinct.
On 13th February 1975 Richard David Harvey Blunt 11th Baronet (age 62) died. His son David (age 36) succeeded 12th Baronet Blunt of the City of London.
On 13th February 2011 George Brydges Rodney 10th Baron Rodney (age 58) died. His son John (age 11) succeeded 11th Baron Rodney of Rodney Stoke in Somerset.
On 13th February 2019 Shaun Agar 6th Earl Normanton (age 73) died. His son James (age 37) succeeded 6th Earl Normanton, 10th Baron Mendip of Mendip in Somerset.