Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.
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19 Jul is in July.
1503 Margaret Tudor's Journey to Scotland
1540 Execution of Thomas Cromwell
1545 Battle of the Solent and the Sinking of the Mary Rose
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. 625. This year Paulinus was invested bishop of the Northumbrians, by Archbishop Justus, on the twelfth day before the calends of August.
On 19th July 627 Archbishop Paulinus of York was was appointed the first Bishop of York.
On 19th July 1234 Floris Gerulfing IV Count Holland (age 24) was killed in a tournament.
On 19th July 1333 King Edward I of Scotland (age 50) was restored I King Scotland.
On 19th July 1333 King Edward III of England (age 20) defeated the Scots army at the Battle of Halidon Hill near Berwick-upon-Tweed, Northumberland [Map]. John of Eltham 1st Earl Cornwall (age 16) commanded.
English archers, just as at the Battle of Dupplin Moor one year previously, had a significant impact on the massed ranks of Scottish schiltrons. Edward's army included: Thomas of Brotherton 1st Earl Norfolk (age 33), who commanded the right wing, Hugh Courtenay 1st or 9th Earl Devon (age 56), Robert Pierrepont, Hugh Courtenay 2nd or 10th Earl Devon (age 30), Henry Beaumont Earl Buchan (age 54) and John Sully (age 50). One of the few English casualties was John Neville (age 34) who was killed.
The Scottish army included King David II of Scotland (age 9). Alexander Bruce, Alan Stewart (age 61), James Stewart (age 57), John Stewart, William Douglas 1st Earl Atholl, Archibald Douglas (age 35) who were all killed.
Hugh 4th Earl Ross (age 36) was killed. His son William succeeded 5th Earl Ross.
Malcolm Lennox 2nd Earl Lennox was killed. His son Domhnall succeeded Earl Lennox.
Kenneth de Moravia Sutherland 4th Earl Sutherland was killed. His son William succeeded 5th Earl Sutherland. Johanna Menteith Countess Sutherland by marriage Countess Sutherland.
Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough. On the seventh day, however, at the request and persuasion of those in the castle and town of Berwick, especially Sir William de Keith, who informed them that if they returned and prepared to fight with the two kings, they would undoubtedly prevail, for they trusted in the multitude of their own people, since, compared with the Scots, the English army seemed very small, they returned and drew up four battle lines. In the first line were the Earl of Moray, Sir James Fraser, Sir Simon Fraser, and other barons; noble knights Walter Stewart, Reginald Cheyne, Patrick Graham, John Grant, John de Bardale, Patrick de Berchere, Robert de Caldecotes, Philip de Meldrum, William de Gardin, Thomas de Kirkpatrick, Gilbert Wiseman, Adam Gordon, William Gordon, James Garnegarth, Alan Grant, Robert Boyd, with 300 men-at-arms and 2,200 lightly armed from the commons. In the second line were the Steward of Scotland, his uncle James, Malcolm Fleming, William Douglas son of James Douglas, Duncan Campbell, David Lindsay, barons, William de Keith marshal of the army, and more than eleven knights, with 300 men-at-arms and 3,000 lightly armed from the commons. In the third line were the Lord of Carrick, Archibald Douglas, Alexander Bruce, the Earl of Lennox, John Campbell, and more than seventeen knights, with 300 men-at-arms and 4,300 lightly armed from the commons. In the fourth line were the Earls of Ross, Sutherland, Strathearn, and more than twelve knights, with 200 men-at-arms and 4,000 lightly armed from the commons. On the 14th day before the Kalends of August [19th July 1333], these attacked the said kings, but by divine power they were defeated, and almost all the nobles of Scotland, with a very great multitude of the people, fell, with only one knight and ten foot soldiers slain on the English side1. The English that day were indeed in a narrow place, enclosed on almost every side by four kinds of foes: on one side was the sea, on another the River Tweed in full flow and very broad, on the third the town of Berwick full of enemies, and on the fourth the great host of Scots covering the land like locusts.
Septimo vero die per suos de castro et villa Berwici, præcipueque per Willelmum de Keth militem rogati et informati quod si redirent, et ad pugnandum cum duobus regibus se disponerent, indubitanter prævalerent; confidebant enim in multitudine populi sui, quia, respectu Scotorum, exiguus valde videbatur exercitus Anglicorum; redierunt igitur et quatuor acies disposuerunt, in quarum prima fuit comes Moraviæ, dominus Jacobus Frisel, dominus Simon Frisel, barones; milites vero nobiles Walterus Steward, Reginaldus de Chene, Patricius de Grame, Johannes Graunt, Johannes de Bardale, Patricius de Berechere, Robertus de Caldecotes, Philippus de Meldrom, Willelmus de Gardin, Thomas de Kyrkpatrick, Gilbertus Wiseman, Adam Gordun, Willelmus Gordoun, Jacobus Garnegarth, Alanus Graunt, Robertus Boid et cum illis CCC armatorum et MM CC de communitate leviter armati. In secunda acie senescallus Scotia, Jacobus avunculus suus, Malcolmus Fleming, Willelmus Douglas, filius Jacobus Douglas, Dunecanus de Cambel, David de Lyndesey, barones, Willelmus de Keth marescallus exercitus et plures quam undecim milites, cum CCC armatis, et de communitate MMM leviter armatorum. In tertia acie dominus de Carich, Archebaudus Douglas, Alexander Brus, comes de Levenax, Johannes Cambel, et plures quam XVII milites, cum CCC armatis, et de communitate MMMM CCC leviter armati. In quarta acie comites de Ros, de Sonderland, de Stretherne, et plures quam XII milites cum CC armatis et de communitate MMMM leviter armati. Hi enim XIV kalendas Augusti dictos reges invaserunt, sed virtute divina victi sunt, et cuncti fere proceres Scotia cum multitudine maxima corruerunt populi, uno tantum milite et peditibus decem Anglicis interfectis. In arcto utique positi sunt Anglici die illo, et inter quatuor genera hostium quasi undique conclusi: ex una parte erat mare, altera Tweda fluvius in fluxu suo valde spatiosus, tertia villa Berwici hostibus plena, et in quarta Scotorum exercitus copiosus, terram operiens sicut locustæ.
Note 1. Mr. Tytler, in his History of Scotland, justly remarks that we must consider this statement as a gross exaggeration and totally incredible. Edward, in his letter to the archbishops ordaining a general thanksgiving on occasion of his victory, says it was gained "without great injury, praised be the Most High, of our nation," an expression of itself amply sufficient to refute the assertion of the English historians.
Life of Edward II of Carnarvan by a Monk of Bridlington. In the same year, on the 19th of July [1333], the Monday before the feast of Saint Margaret the Virgin, which was the appointed day, the King of England went into the field to arrange his army. First, he established a unit of 500 men-at-arms positioned around the town [Berwick], along with archers and infantry, to prevent the besieged townspeople from making any sorties, so that they could not attack the English from the rear with a surprise assault. This unit was placed under the command of the bannerets Ralph Basset and Thomas de Furnival, the knights Simon Ward and John de Moulton, and also the mayor of the town of Newcastle. He then divided the rest of the army into three divisions. The first he entrusted to his marshal and brother, John of Eltham, Earl of Cornwall; to Henry de Beaumont, Earl of Buchan; and to Edward de Bohun, acting in place of the Earl of Hereford. David, Earl of Atholl, held the right wing of this division, towards the sea, while Gilbert de Umfraville, Earl of Angus, commanded the left. The second division was commanded by the King of England himself, with wings formed to right and left as above. The third division he assigned to Edward Balliol, King of Scotland, likewise with the wings arranged in the same fashion. Archers were assigned to each wing. And because the principal and provocative cause of the coming conflict was that two hundred knights, as previously stated, were to enter the town [of Berwick] that day, the king appointed an equal number of chosen knights to meet them in battle and to block their entry.
Eodem anno, mensis Julii die XIX, feria proxima ante festum Sanctæ Margaret, virginis, quæ fuit dies Lunæ præfixus, rex Angliæ campum petiit, suum exereitum instructurus. Et primo constituit unam turmam quingentorum armatorum circa villam, adjunctis sagittariiss et peditibus, ut egressum obsessis civibus abnegarent, ne a tergo venientes incursione furtiva Anglicis infestarent; cui præfuerunt Radulfus Basset, Thomas de Fournivalle baneretti, Symon Warde et Johannes de Multone milites, ac etiam major villze Novi Castri. Reliquum vero exercitum in tres cuneos iunc divisit. Quorum [primum] marscallo fratrique suo Johanni de Eltham comiti Cornubiæ, Henrico de Beaumount comiti de Boghan, et Edwardo de Boun gerenti vices comitis Herfordiæ, commendavit. Comes de Aseecle David huie turmæ alam a dextris versus mare, et comes de Angos Gilbertus de Unfravilla aliam a læva similiter faciebat. Secundam vero aciem ipse rex Angliæ hine inde, ut superius, alis compositis; tertiam quoque turmam regi Scotiæ Balliolensi, alis ut superius dispositis, ut instrueret, assignavit. Sagittarii alis singulis deputantur; et quia principalis et præsumptuosa causa instantis certaminis erat quod equites ducenti, ut premittitur, villam deberent ingredi illo die, constituit. rex totidem electos equites ut mutuo confligerent et illorum aditum impedirent.
On 19th July 1349 Archbishop Thomas Bradwardine (age 49) was consecrated Archbishop of Canterbury. He died a month later of plague.
On 19th July 1352 Archbishop William Zouche died at Cawood, North Yorkshire [Map]. He was buried at York Minster [Map].
Jean de Waurin's Chronicle of England Volume 6 Books 3-6: The Wars of the Roses
Jean de Waurin was a French Chronicler, from the Artois region, who was born around 1400, and died around 1474. Waurin’s Chronicle of England, Volume 6, covering the period 1450 to 1471, from which we have selected and translated Chapters relating to the Wars of the Roses, provides a vivid, original, contemporary description of key events some of which he witnessed first-hand, some of which he was told by the key people involved with whom Waurin had a personal relationship.
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On 19th July 1415 Philippa of Lancaster Queen Consort Portugal (age 55) died at Sacavém.
On 19th July 1483 Edward York Prince of Wales (age 9) was appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.
Collectanea by John Leland [1502-1552]. The XIXth Day of the said Monneth [19th July 1503] the Qwene departed from Allerton, in fayr Aray and noble Companyd; and Syr James Straungwysch, Knyght, Sheryff of the said Lordschyp for the said Bischop, mett hyr welle acompanyd.
After sche drew to Darneton [Map], to hyr Bed. And Thre Mylle from the said Place cam to hyr the Lord Lomley and hys Son, acompanyd of many Gentylmen and others, well apoynted. Ther Folks arayd with their Liveray, and well monted, to the Nombre of IIIJxx Horsys.
At the Village of Hexham1 she was mett by Sir Rawf Bowes and Syre William Aylton, well appointed, with a fayr Company arayd in their Liverays, to the Nombre of XL Horsys, well apoynted and well horst.
In the said Place of Hexham was the said Queen receyved with the Abbasse and Religyonses, with the Crosse without the Gatt. And the Byschop of Durham gaffe hyr the sayd Crosse for to kisse.
At Two Mylle ny to the said Towne of Darneton, mett the Qwene, Syr William Boummer, Sheriff of the Lordship of Durham. In Company with hym was Syr William Ewers, and many other Folks of Honor of that Contre, in fayr Ordre, well appoynted of Liverays, and horst; to the Nombre of Six score Horfys.
By the said Company was sche conveyde to Darnton. And at the Gatt of the Church of the said Place, war revested the Vicayr and Folks of the Church, wer doing as sche had done on the Dayes before, sche was led to the Manayer of the said Byschop of Dnrham [Map], for that Nyght.
Note 1. 'Hexham'. Location uncertain.
Chronicle of Edward Hall [1496-1548]. The xix. day of July [Note. Cromwell was arrested on 10th June 1540 ], Thomas Lord Cromwell (age 55), late made Earl of Essex, as before you have hard, being in the counsel chamber, was suddenly apprehended, and committed to the Tower of London [Map], the which many lamented, but more rejoiced, and especially such, as ether had been religious men, or favoured religious persons, for they banqueted, and triumphed together that night, many wishing that that day had been seven years before, and some fearing least he should escape, although he were imprisoned, could not be merry. Other who knew nothing but truth by him, both lamented him, and heartily prayed for him. But this is true that of certain of the clergy, he was detestably hated, and specially of such as had borne swinge, and by his meanes was put from it, for in deed he was a man, that in all his doings, seemed not to favour any kind of Popery, nor could not abide the snoffing pride of some prelates, which undoubtedly whatsoever else was the cause of his death, did shorten his life, and procured the end that he was brought unto which was that the xix day of the said month, he was attainted by Parliament, and never came to his answer, which law many reported, he was the causer of the making thereof, but the truth thereof I know not. The Articles for which he died, appear in the Record, where his attainder is written, which are too long to be here rehearsed, but to conclude he was there attainted of heresy, and high treason.
On 19th July 1545 during the Battle of the Solent the Mary Rose sank. Roger Grenville (age 27) and George Carew (age 41) drowned.
Chronicle of Edward Hall [1496-1548]. 19th July 1545. After the departyng of thenglyshe nauy, from Newhaven, the Admyrall of Fraunce, called the Lorde Dombalt, a man of greate expteryence, halsed vp hys sayles, and with hys whole navie, came to the point of the Isle of Wyght, called. S. Helenes poynt, and there in good ordre cast their Ankers, and sent. xvi. Galies dayly, to the very haven of Portesmouthe. Thenglyshe nauye liyngin the haven, made them prest and set out towardes the, and styl the one shot at the other. But one day aboue all other, the whole navie of the Englishmen made out, and purposed to set on the Frenchmen: but in their settyng forward, a goodly ship of Englande called the Mary Rose, was by to much foly, drouned in the middest of the haven, for she was laden wyth much ordinaunee, and the portes left open, which were very lowe, and the great ordinaunce, vnbreched, so that when the ship should turne, the water entred, and sodainly she sanke. In her was sir George Carewe knight, Capitain of thesaid shyppe, and foure hundreth men, and much ordinaunce.
Calendar of State Papers of Spain. 19th July 1545. Towards evening, through misfortune and carelessness, the ship [Mary Rose] of Vice-Admiral George Garew foundered, and all hands on board, to the number of about 500, were drowned, with the exception of about five and twenty or thirty servants, sailors and the like, who escaped. I made enquiries of one of the survivors, a Fleming, how the ship perished, and he told me that the disaster was caused by their not having closed the lowest row of gun ports on one side of the ship. Having fired the guns on that side, the ship was turning, in order to fire from the other, when the wind caught her sails so strongly as to heel her over, and plunge her open gunports beneath the water, which flooded and sank her. They say, however that they can recover the ship and guns.
Holinshed's Chronicle [1525-1582]. 19th July 1545. The twentith of Iulie1, the whole nauie of the Englishmen made out, & purposed to set on the Frenchmen, but in setting forward, thorough too much follie, one of the kings ships called the Marie Rose was drowned in the middest of the hauen, by reason that she was ouerladen with ordinance, and had the ports left open, which were verie low, and the great artillerie vnbreeched; so that when the ship should turne, the water entered, and suddenlie she suncke. In hir was sir George Carew (age 41) knight and foure hundred soldiours vnder his guiding. There escaped not past fortie persons of all the whole number. On the morrow after about two thousand of the Frenchmen landed in the Ile of Wight, where one of their chiefe capteins named le cheualier Daux, a Prouencois was slaine with manie other, and the residue with losse and shame driven backe againe to their gallies.
Note. Most sources say 19th July 1545.
On 19th July 1549 Edmund Sheffield 1st Baron Sheffield (age 27) was killed at Cathedral Close, Norwich Cathedral [Map] during Kett's Rebellion. His son John (age 11) succeeded 2nd Baron Sheffield of Butterwick in Lincolnshire.
Diary of Edward VI. 19th July 1550. The bishop of Winchester (age 67) was sequestred from his frutes for 3 monthes.2
Note 2. This took place "at the time of even-song, in the chapel of the court of Westminster," whither the bishop was brought before the lords of the council: see his answer to the 15th article objected against him, in Foxe (edit. Cattley), iv. 75, and paragraph Ixxvi. of his justificatory narrative, at p. 116.
Henry Machyn's Diary. 19th July 1553. The xix day of July was qwene Mare (age 37) proclamyd qwene of England, France, and Yrland, and alle domy(ni)ons, [as the] syster of the late kyng Edward the vj. and doythur unto the nobull kyng Henry the viij. be-twyn v and vj of the cloke at nyght, and ther wher at proclamasyon iiij trumpeters and ij harold(s) of armes, and the erle of Arundell (age 41), the erle of Shrossbery (age 53), th'erle Penbroke (age 52), my lord Tressorer (age 70), my lord of Preveselle, my lord Cobham (age 56), my lord Warden, master Masun, and my lord Mare, and dyvers odur nobull men; and thys was done at the crosse [Map] in Chepe, and from that plasse thay whent unto Powlls and ther was Te Deum Laudamus, with song, and the organes playhyng, and all the belles ryngyng thrugh London, and bone-fyres, and tabuls in evere strett, and wyne and bere and alle, and evere strett full of bonfyres, and ther was money cast a-way.
Note. Proclamation of queen Mary. A printed copy of the proclamation making known the title of queen Mary, is at the Society of Antiquaries.
Chronicle of Queen Jane and Two Years of Queen Mary 1553. 19th July 1553. Note here, the xlx th day at night he harde howe that quene Mary (age 37) was proclaymed in London. And the next morning he called for a herolde and proclaymed hir himself.b Within an hower after he had lettresc from the counsell here that he should forthwith dismysse his armye, and not to come within x. myles of London, or els they wolde fight with him. The rumour hereof was no sooner abrode but every man departyd. Then was the duke (age 49) arested, by the mayre of the towne of Cambridge [Map] some say, some say by mr. Thomas Myldemay at the quenes commandement.d At last cam lettres from the counsell of London that all men shoulde go eche his waye. Then saide the duke to certayn that kepte him, "Ye do me wrong to withdrawe my libertye; se you not the counselles lettres, without exception, that all men should go whether they wolde?" At which wordes they than sett them agayn at libertye, and so contynued they all night; in so moche that the erle of Warwicke (age 26) was booted redy to have ryden in the mornynge. Then came the erle of Arundell (age 41), who had ben with the quene, to the duke into his chamber; and when the duke knewe therof he came out to mete him; and assone as ever he sawe the erle of Arundell he fell downe on his knees and desyred him to be goode to him, for the love of God. "And consider (saith he) I have done nothing but by the concentes of you and all the hole counsell." "My lorde (quod he), I am sent hether by the quenes majestic, and in hir name I do arest you." "And I obey it, my lorde (quod he), and I beseeche you, my lorde of Arundell (quod the duke), use mercy towardes me, knowing the case as yt is." "My lorde (quod the erle), ye shoulde have sought for mercy sooner; I must do according to my commandement." And therwith he commytted the charge of him to diverse of the garde and gentyllmen that stoode by. And so the duke contynued walking up and downe in the utter chamber almost ij howers; and once or twyce he wolde have gone to the bedd-chamber about some busynes, but he coulde not be sufferyd. Then was Thome and Coxe from him.
On 19th July 1553 Lady Jane Grey (age 17) Abdicated I King of England. Her first cousin once removed Mary (age 37) succeeded I Queen of England.
On 19th July 1553 Jane Grey I Queen England and Ireland (age 17) requested tents from Thomas Cawarden of Bletchingly and Nonsuch.
Annals of the six Kings of England by Nicholas Trivet
Translation of the Annals of the Six Kings of England by that traces the rise and rule of the Angevin aka Plantagenet dynasty from the mid-12th to early 14th century. Written by the Dominican scholar Nicholas Trivet, the work offers a vivid account of English history from the reign of King Stephen through to the death of King Edward I, blending political narrative with moral reflection. Covering the reigns of six monarchs—from Stephen to Edward I—the chronicle explores royal authority, rebellion, war, and the shifting balance between crown, church, and nobility. Trivet provides detailed insight into defining moments such as baronial conflicts, Anglo-French rivalry, and the consolidation of royal power under Edward I, whose reign he describes with particular immediacy. The Annals combines careful year-by-year reporting with thoughtful interpretation, presenting history not merely as a sequence of events but as a moral and political lesson. Ideal for readers interested in medieval history, kingship, and the origins of the English state, this chronicle remains a valuable and accessible window into the turbulent world of the Plantagenet kings.
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On 19th July 1584 Robert Dudley (age 3) died at Wansted House, Essex. He was buried in the Beauchamp Chapel [Map]. The inscription:
Here resteth the Body af the Noble Impe Robert of Dudley , Baron of Denbigh , Sonne of Robert Erle of Leicester ; Nephew and Heir unto Ambrose Erle of Warwicke Brethren both sons of the mightie Prince John late Duke of Northumberland ; that was Cousin and Heir to Sir John Gray , Viscount Lisle , Cousin and Heir to Sir Thomas Falbot . Viscount Lisle . Ne- phew and Heir to the Lady Margaret Countess of Shrewsbury , the eldest Daughter and Coheir of the noble Earl of Warwick , Sir Richard Beauchamp , here interred. A Child of greate Parentage but of farr greater hope and towardness , taken from this transitory unto the eve everlasting Life in his tender Age , at Wanstead in Essex , on Sundaye the 19th of July , in the year of our Lord God 1584 - being the 26th yeare of the happy Reigne of the most virtuous and godly Princis Queene Eliza- bethe , and in this Place layed up among his noble Auncestors in assured hope of the general Resurrection.
Robert Dudley: In 1581 he was born to Robert Dudley 1st Earl of Leicester and Lettice Knollys Countess Essex and Leicester.
On 19th July 1603 Walter Raleigh (age 49) arrested for his part in the Main and Bye Plots.
On 19th July 1644 John Gordon 1st Baronet (age 34) was beheaded for treason. His son John (age 12) succeeded 2nd Baronet Gordon of Haddo for suppressing the Conventers.
John Evelyn's Diary. 19th July 1664. To London, to see the event of the lottery which his Majesty (age 34) had permitted Sir Arthur Slingsby (age 41) to set up for one day in the Banqueting House, Whitehall Palace [Map], at Whitehall; I gaining only a trifle, as well as did the King, Queen-Consort (age 25), and Queen-Mother (age 54), for near thirty lots; which was thought to be contrived very unhandsomely by the master of it, who was, in truth, a mere shark.
On 19th July 1664 the Habsburg Imperial Army commanded by Jean-Louis Raduit Count de Souches (age 55) defeated an Ottoman army under the command of Ali Pasha. Ali Pasha was killed.
John Evelyn's Diary. 19th July 1667. I went to Gravesend, Kent [Map]; the Dutch fleet still at anchor before the river, where I saw five of his Majesty's (age 37) men-at-war encounter above twenty of the Dutch, in the bottom of the Hope, chasing them with many broadsides given and returned toward the Buoy of the Nore, where the body of their fleet lay, which lasted till about midnight. One of their ships was fired, supposed by themselves, she being run on ground. Having seen this bold action, and their braving us so far up the river, I went home the next day, not without indignation at our negligence, and the nation's reproach. It is well known who of the Commissioners of the Treasury gave advice that the charge of setting forth a fleet this year might be spared, Sir W. C. (William Coventry (age 39)) by name.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 19th July 1668. Lord's Day. Up, and to my chamber, and there I up and down in the house spent the morning getting things ready against noon, when come Mr. Cooper (age 59), Hales (age 68), Harris (age 34), Mr. Butler, that wrote Hudibras, and Mr. Cooper's cozen Jacke; and by and by comes Mr. Reeves and his wife, whom I never saw before: and there we dined: a good dinner, and company that pleased me mightily, being all eminent men in their way. Spent all the afternoon in talk and mirth, and in the evening parted, and then my wife and I to walk in the garden, and so home to supper, Mrs. Turner (age 45) and husband and daughter with us, and then to bed.
John Evelyn's Diary. 19th July 1675. The Lord Treasurer's (age 43) Chaplain preached at Wallingford House.
John Evelyn's Diary. 19th July 1678. The Earl of Ossory (age 44) came to take his leave of me, going into Holland to command the English forces.
On 19th July 1681 Henrietta Churchill 2nd Duchess of Marlborough was born to John Churchill 1st Duke of Marlborough (age 31) and Sarah Jennings Duchess of Marlborough (age 21). She married March 1698 Francis Godolphin 2nd Earl Godolphin, son of Sidney Godolphin 1st Earl Godolphin and Margaret Blagge, and had issue.
John Evelyn's Diary. 19th July 1683. George, Prince of Denmark (age 30), who had landed this day, came to marry the Lady Anne (age 18), daughter to the Duke (age 49); so I returned home, having seen the young gallant at dinner at Whitehall [Map].
John Evelyn's Diary. 19th July 1687. I went to Wotton. In the way, I dined at Ashted, with my Baroness Mordaunt (age 65).
John Evelyn's Diary. 19th July 1689. The Scots have now again voted down Episcopacy there. Great discontents through this nation at the slow proceedings of the King (age 38), and the incompetent instruments and officers he advances to the greatest and most necessary charges.
Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough
A canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: 'In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed.'
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John Evelyn's Diary. 19th July 1689. The Convention (or Parliament as some called it) sitting, exempt the Duke of Hanover (age 29) from the succession to the crown, which they seem to confine to the present new King (age 38), his wife (age 27), and Princess Anne of Denmark (age 24), who is so monstrously swollen, that it is doubted whether her being thought with child may prove a TYMPANY only, so that the unhappy family of the Stuarts seems to be extinguishing; and then what government is likely to be next set up is unknown, whether regal and by election, or otherwise, the Republicans and Dissenters from the Church of England evidently looking that way.
John Evelyn's Diary. 19th July 1689. The Marshal de Schomberg (age 73) went now as General toward Ireland, to the relief of Derry aka Londonderry. Our fleet lay before Brest. The Confederates passing the Rhine, besiege Bonn and Mayence, to obtain a passage into France. A great victory gotten by the Muscovites, taking and burning Perecop. A new rebel against the Turks threatens the destruction of that tyranny. All Europe in arms against France, and hardly to be found in history so universal a face of war.
John Evelyn's Diary. 19th July 1691. The great victory of King William's army in Ireland was looked on as decisive of that war. The French General, St. Ruth, who had been so cruel to the poor Protestants in France, was slain, with divers of the best commanders; nor was it cheap to us, having 1,000 killed, but of the enemy 4,000 or 5,000.
John Evelyn's Diary. 19th July 1691. In the morning Dr. Tenison (age 54) preached the first sermon, taking his text from Psalm xxvi. 8. "Lord, I have loved the habitation of thy house, and the place where thine honor dwelleth". In concluding, he gave that this should be made a parish church so soon as the Parliament sat, and was to be dedicated to the Holy Trinity, in honor of the three undivided persons in the Deity; and he minded them to attend to that faith of the church, now especially that Arianism, Socinianism, and atheism began to spread among us. In the afternoon, Mr. Stringfellow preached on Luke vii. 5. "The centurion who had built a synagogue". He proceeded to the due praise of persons of such public spirit, and thence to such a character of pious benefactors in the person of the generous centurion, as was comprehensive of all the virtues of an accomplished Christian, in a style so full, eloquent, and moving, that I never heard a sermon more apposite to the occasion. He modestly insinuated the obligation they had to that person who should be the author and promoter of such public works for the benefit of mankind, especially to the advantage of religion, such as building and endowing churches, hospitals, libraries, schools, procuring the best editions of useful books, by which he handsomely intimated who it was that had been so exemplary for his benefaction to that place. Indeed, that excellent person, Dr. Tenison, had also erected and furnished a public library [in St. Martin's]; and set up two or three free schools at his own charges. Besides this, he was of an exemplary, holy life, took great pains in constantly preaching, and incessantly employing himself to promote the service of God both in public and private. I never knew a man of a more universal and generous spirit, with so much modesty, prudence, and piety.
On 19th July 1766 Henry Cheere 1st Baronet (age 63) was created 1st Baronet Cheere of St Margaret's in Westminster.
On 19th July 1785 Reverend John Fitzherbert (age 68) died. He was buried at St Cuthbert's Church, Doveridge [Map].
Reverend John Fitzherbert: Around 1717 he was born to William Fitzherbert and Rachel Bagshaw. Before 19th July 1785 Reverend John Fitzherbert and Susanna Peacock were married.
On 19th July 1788 William Pole Tylney Long Wellesley 4th Earl Mornington was baptised at St George's Church, Hanover Square.
On 19th July 1798 Christian August Oldenburg II Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg was born to Frederick Christian Oldenburg II Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg (age 32) and Louise Auguste Oldenburg Duchess Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg (age 27) at Copenhagen. He a great x 2 grandson of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland. He married 1820 Louise Sophie Danneskiold Samsøe Duchess Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg and had issue.
On 19th July 1799 John Frederick Sackville 3rd Duke Dorset (age 54) died. His son George (age 5) succeeded 4th Duke Dorset, 10th Earl Dorset, 5th Earl Middlesex, 10th Baron Buckhurst, 5th Baron Cranfield of Cranfield in Middlesex.
On 7th July 1800 Captain John Granville (age 21) died of rapid consumption at Hot Wells, Bristol. He was buried at St Peter's Church, Ellastone on 19th July 1800. His nephew Court D'Ewes aka Granville (age 21) inherited Calwich Abbey, Staffordshire [Map] and changed his surname from D'Ewes to Granville.
Underneath this Stone In the Family Vault Lies Interred the Body of John Granville, only son of John and Harriett Granville of Calwich and late Captain in the Staffordshire Regiment of Militia who was suddenly cut off in the Prime of his Life, to the inexpressible Grief of his Parents and Sorrow of All who knew him July the 7th 1800 in the 21st Year of his Age. In the same vault are deposited the remains of their infant daughter. Also the remains of the above named Harriet Joan Granville Died at Calwich 25th March 1825, aged 71.
Captain John Granville: Around 1779 he was born to Reverend John D'Ewes aka Granville and Harriet de la Bere.
Court D'Ewes aka Granville: In 1779 he was born to Bernard D'Ewes. In 1848 Court D'Ewes aka Granville died.
On 19th July 1821 Kenneth Alexander Howard 1st Earl of Effingham (age 53) attended as Deputy Earl Marshal as a result of Henry Howard-Molyneux-Howard (age 54) being ill at Westminster Abbey [Map] during the Coronation of William IV.
On 19th July 1821 King George IV of Great Britain and Ireland (age 58) was crowned IV King Great Britain and Ireland.
King George IV of Great Britain and Ireland barred Caroline of Brunswick Queen Consort England (age 53) from attending the Coronation. She attempted to attend but was turned away at the doors of Westminster Abbey. Refused entry at both the doors to the East Cloister and the doors to the West Cloister, Caroline attempted to enter via Westminster Hall, where many guests were gathered before the service began. A witness described how the Queen stood at the door fuming as bayonets were held under her chin until the deputy lord chamberlain had the doors slammed in her face. Henry Brougham recorded his distaste.1. She died three weeks later.
William Cavendish 6th Duke Devonshire (age 31) carried the Orb at Westminster Abbey [Map].
Kenneth Alexander Howard 1st Earl of Effingham (age 53) attended as Deputy Earl Marshal as a result of Henry Howard-Molyneux-Howard (age 54).
See Creevy Papers.
On 19th July 1823 James Innes-Kerr 5th Duke Roxburghe (age 87) died. His son James (age 7) succeeded 6th Duke Roxburghe.
Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.
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On 19th July 1830 Alfred Waterhouse was born. He married 1860 Elizabeth Hodgkin.
On 19th July 1833 George Granville Leveson-Gower 1st Duke Sutherland (age 75) died. His son George (age 46) succeeded 2nd Duke Sutherland, 3rd Marquess Stafford, 20th Earl Sutherland, 4th Earl Gower, 5th Baron Gower, 9th Baronet Gower of Stittenham in Yorkshire. Harriet Elizabeth Georgiana Howard Duchess Sutherland (age 27) by marriage Duchess Sutherland.
Vestiges of the Antiquities of Derbyshire. On the afternoon of the same day, the remains of a large barrow, called Green Lowe [Map], in the same neighbourhood, were examined; all the upper part of this tumulus, which is of large extent, has been long removed, thus exposing to view the cist in the centre of its area; this cist, which is very large, is of the same kind of architecture as those existing at the large barrow at Minning Lowe [Map], and before described; the only difference being, that the one in question is divided into two compartments or vaults, by the introduction of a flat stone placed vertically across the middle; most of the component parts of this tumulus having been taken away as before stated, there was but little probability of discovering any relics, save by digging the soil and other debris out of the double vault, which was accordingly done with the following results: in one of the cists, at about eight inches from the surface, lay a human skeleton, much broken from its being so near the top, a piece of fine slatestone, which appeared to have served the purpose of a hone, and a few fragments of two urns, of a texture widely dissimilar, one being coarse and merely sun-dried, the other evidently baked in a kiln. In the other division of the cist, a few human teeth, a considerable quantity of animal bones, amongst which remains of the horse and dog were found, as well as rats' bones, which were plentifully distributed in both vaults; also a few pieces of the same kiln-baked urn which was discovered in the first cell; from which circumstance it is very certain that the interment had been taken out at the time the mound was removed.
Vestiges of the Antiquities of Derbyshire. On the 19th of July, 1843, a small barrow [Map] situated near the edge of a rocky declivity, on Brassington Moor, and not previously known as a sepulchral mound, was opened in such an effectual manner as to cut it into four sections. A secondary interment near the surface was found to have been dug up and buried again some time since; there were a good many rats' bones, and six pieces of flint, three of which were chipped, in order to make some kind of rude instruments whose use is now quite unintelligible; arriving at the centre, a small square cist, haying a flat stone for its base, and another similar for a cover, was found to contain the remains on whose account the tumulus had been first raised, which consisted of a deposit of burnt bones, amongst which were found an arrow- or lance- head of flint, two inches and a half in length, and two instruments of flint of the circular shape, which appeared to have undergone the action of fire; on the outside of the cist a few fragments of an urn of unusual thickness and rude design were found.
On 19th July 1843 Emma Lucy Madox Brown was born to Ford Madox Brown (age 22) and Elizabeth Bromley (age 24) at Paris [Map]. Coefficient of inbreeding 3.12%. She married 31st March 1874 William Michael Rossetti and had issue.
Diary of a Dean by Merewether. 19th. This day employed in visits to the tunnel and in obtaining leave to open barrows, successfully and without loss of time, through the aid of Mr. George Brown, and by the kindness of others in the neighbourhood from time to time; made a circuit over the downs east of. Avebury, Bye Hill Down, and Hacpen, to select barrows for examination. The breaking up of the land for tillage made it very difficult to recognise the exact spots where I had formerly opened some, and observed others.
Diary of a Dean by Merewether. 20th. Opened a flat barrow (No. 1) of about 25 yards from skirt to skirt, and 5 feet from the apex to the level of the surrounding down, situated in the centre of the flat down about a mile and a quarter from Avebury, and at half a mile's distance from any other barrow. At the centre, 18 inches below the surface, were the fragments of a coarse unornamented vase, containing the bones of a child which had cut its first teeth, but had not changed them. In the chalk rubble were numerous pieces of deer's ribs. 2 ft. 6 in. from the surface was a skeleton of an adult (A); the thigh-bones measured 14½ inches, the whole frame compressed, the right hand turned hack under the wrist, the left laid across the face, and the bones of the wrist and forearm between the upper and lower jaws; the skull fractured into minute portions. The crouched posture of the skeleton, the rudeness of the vase with the hones of the child, the flat form and insulated position of the barrow, assign it to the earliest period of sepulture. The molar teeth were much worn, but were evidently those of a young person.
After 19th July 1863. St Cuby's Church, Duloe [Map]. Grave of Thomas Serpell who was "unfortunately drowned at Shallow-pool ... aged 18 years and 10 months."
On 19th July 1884 Charles Edward Saxe Coburg Gotha was born to Leopold Saxe Coburg Gotha 1st Duke Albany and Helena Waldeck Duchess Albany at Claremont House Esher, Surrey. He a grandson of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom. He married 11th October 1905 his fourth cousin once removed Viktoria Adelheid Glücksburg, daughter of Friedrich Ferdinand Glücksburg Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Glücksburg and Victoria Friederike Oldenburg Duchess Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Glücksburg, and had issue.
19th July 1909. Former Turks Head Hotel, Grey Street [Map] where suffragettes celebrated the release of Kathleen Brown.
Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall
The Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall (Chronicon Anglicanum) is an indispensable medieval history that brings to life centuries of English and European affairs through the eyes of a learned Cistercian monk. Ralph of Coggeshall, abbot of the Abbey of Coggeshall in Essex in the early 13th century, continued and expanded his community’s chronicle, documenting events from the Norman Conquest of 1066 into the tumultuous reign of King Henry III. Blending eyewitness testimony, careful compilation, and the monastic commitment to record-keeping, this chronicle offers a rare narrative of political intrigue, royal power struggles, and social upheaval in England and beyond. Ralph’s work captures the reigns of pivotal figures such as Richard I and King John, providing invaluable insights into their characters, decisions, and the forces that shaped medieval rule. More than a simple annal, Chronicon Anglicanum conveys the texture of medieval life and governance, making it a rich source for scholars and readers fascinated by English history, monastic authorship, and the shaping of the medieval world.
Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.
The Thistle Chapel, Edinburgh Cathedral [Map] was completed by autumn of 1910 with funding provided by John Leslie-Melville 12th Earl of Leven 11th Earl of Melville (age 25) in time for the first St Andrew's Day gathering of the Knights. The Chapel was formally opened amidst much ceremony on 19 July 1911 by King George V (age 46).
On 28th July 1915 Lieutenant Theodore William Warlow (age 20) died from wounds received whilst trying to take a wounded man into safety on 19th July 1915. He was buried at Boulogne Eastern Cemetery. Memorial in All Saints Church, Ledsham [Map].
Lieutenant Theodore William Warlow: Around 1895 he was born to Reverend George Edmund Warlow and Ellen Constance Eiloart. Before 19th July 1915 he was appointed Lieutenant of the 6th Battalion King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry.
On 19th July 1951 Caroline Anne Beauclerk was born to Charles Beauclerk 13th Duke St Albans (age 35) and Suzanne Marie Fesq Duchess St Albans (age 30).
On 19th July 1953 Hugh "Bendor" Grosvenor 2nd Duke Westminster (age 74) died. His first cousin William (age 58) succeeded 3rd Duke Westminster, 5th Marquess Westminster, 6th Earl Grosvenor, 12th Baronet Grosvenor of Eaton in Cheshire.
On 19th July 1420 William VIII Marquis of Montferrat was born to John Jacob Marquis of Montferrat (age 25) and Joan of Savoy. He married (1) 19th January 1465 his third cousin once removed Marie Foix Marquis Montferrat, daughter of Gaston IV Count Foix and Eleanor Trastámara Queen Consort Navarre (2) 6th January 1474 his fifth cousin Bernarde de Brosse Marquis Monferrat.
On 19th July 1627 Margaret Spencer Baroness Arundel Wardour was born to William Spencer 2nd Baron Spencer (age 36) and Penelope Wriothesley Baroness Spencer Wormleighton (age 28). She married (1) in or before 1658 her second cousin once removed Robert Lucy (2) in or before 1661 her second cousin once removed Thomas Arundell 4th Baron Arundel, son of Henry Arundell 3rd Baron Arundel and Cicely Compton Baroness Arundel Wardour.
On 19th July 1643 Vere Booth was born to George Booth 1st Baron Delamer (age 20) and Catherine Clinton.
On 19th July 1681 Henrietta Churchill 2nd Duchess of Marlborough was born to John Churchill 1st Duke of Marlborough (age 31) and Sarah Jennings Duchess of Marlborough (age 21). She married March 1698 Francis Godolphin 2nd Earl Godolphin, son of Sidney Godolphin 1st Earl Godolphin and Margaret Blagge, and had issue.
On 19th July 1703 Jane Calvert was born to Benedict Calvert 4th Baron Baltimore (age 24) and Charlotte Lee Baroness Baltimore (age 24) at Epsom, Surrey. She a great granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland. She married 4th May 1720 John Hyde.
On 19th July 1735 Garrett Wellesley 1st Earl Mornington was born to Richard Colley aka Wesley 1st Baron Mornington (age 45) and Elizabeth Sale in Dangan Castle, Summerhill, Trim, County Meath. He married 6th February 1759 Anne Hill Countess Mornington, daughter of Arthur Hill aka Hill-Trevor 1st Viscount Dungannon, and had issue.
Abbot John Whethamstede’s Chronicle of the Abbey of St Albans
Abbot John Whethamstede's Register aka Chronicle of his second term at the Abbey of St Albans, 1451-1461, is a remarkable text that describes his first-hand experience of the beginning of the Wars of the Roses including the First and Second Battles of St Albans, 1455 and 1461, respectively, their cause, and their consequences, not least on the Abbey itself. His text also includes Loveday, Blore Heath, Northampton, the Act of Accord, Wakefield, and Towton, and ends with the Coronation of King Edward IV. In addition to the events of the Wars of the Roses, Abbot John, or his scribes who wrote the Chronicle, include details in the life of the Abbey such as charters, letters, land exchanges, visits by legates, and disputes, which provide a rich insight into the day-to-day life of the Abbey, and the challenges faced by its Abbot.
Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.
On 19th July 1770 Eleanor Egerton Marchioness Westminster was born to Thomas Egerton 1st Earl Wilton (age 20) and Eleanor Assheton Viscountess Wilton (age 17). She married 28th April 1794 Robert Grosvenor 1st Marquess Westminster, son of Richard Grosvenor 1st Earl Grosvenor, and had issue.
On 19th July 1775 Charles Beauchamp Kerr was born to William John Kerr 5th Marquess Lothian (age 38) and Elizabeth Fortescue 5th Marchioness Lothian (age 30).
On 19th July 1786 Henry Dawson Damer was born to John Dawson 1st Earl Portarlington (age 41) and Caroline Stuart Countess Portarlington (age 23).
On 19th July 1795 Cecil Frances Hamilton was born to John Hamilton 1st Marquess Abercorn (age 39) and Cecil Hamilton Marchioness Abercorn (age 25) Coefficient of inbreeding 6.25%. She married 16th February 1816 William Howard 4th Earl of Wicklow and had issue.
On 19th July 1798 Christian August Oldenburg II Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg was born to Frederick Christian Oldenburg II Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg (age 32) and Louise Auguste Oldenburg Duchess Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg (age 27) at Copenhagen. He a great x 2 grandson of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland. He married 1820 Louise Sophie Danneskiold Samsøe Duchess Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg and had issue.
On 19th July 1800 Edward Manningham-Buller 1st Baronet was born to Francis Buller-Yarde-Buller 2nd Baronet (age 33).
On 19th July 1809 Jane Henrietta Ashburnham was born to George Ashburnham 3rd Earl Ashburnham (age 48) and Charlotte Percy Countess Ashburham (age 33). She married before 5th April 1837 Admiral Charles Henry Swinburne and had issue.
On 19th July 1827 Lionel Sackville-West 2nd Baron Sackville was born to George Sackville-West 5th Earl De La Warr (age 35) and Elizabeth Sackville Countess De La Warr (age 31).
On 19th July 1830 Alfred Waterhouse was born. He married 1860 Elizabeth Hodgkin.
On 19th July 1843 Emma Lucy Madox Brown was born to Ford Madox Brown (age 22) and Elizabeth Bromley (age 24) at Paris [Map]. Coefficient of inbreeding 3.12%. She married 31st March 1874 William Michael Rossetti and had issue.
On 19th July 1845 Victoria Alexandrina Murray was born to Alexander Murray 6th Earl Dunmore (deceased) and Catherine Herbert Countess Dunmore (age 30).
Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke
Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson.
Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.
On 19th July 1859 Spencer Maryon-Wilson 11th Baronet was born to Spencer Maryon Wilson 10th Baronet (age 29).
On 19th July 1866 Charles Thomas Keble Prévost 4th Baronet was born to Charles Prévost 3rd Baronet (age 35) He married 6th February 1907 Beatrice Mary Burrow Lady Prevost and had issue.
On 19th July 1876 Robert Henry Seymour Dashwood 7th Baronet was born to George John Egerton Dashwood 6th Baronet (age 24) and Mary Margaret Seymour Lady Dashwood (age 21).
On 19th July 1881 Charles William Sholto Douglas was born to Sholto Douglas 19th Earl of Morton (age 36) and Helen Geraldine Ponsonby Countess of Morton (age 29). He married (1) 11th December 1920 his third cousin Alice Agnes Fox-Pitt and had issue (2) 15th April 1926 Florence Timson and had issue (3) 19th March 1927 Florence Timson and had issue.
On 19th July 1883 Beatrice Mills Countess of Granard was born at Newport, Rhode Island. She married 14th January 1909 Bernard Forbes 8th Earl of Granard, son of George Arthur Hastings Forbes 7th Earl Granard, and had issue.
On 19th July 1884 Charles Edward Saxe Coburg Gotha was born to Leopold Saxe Coburg Gotha 1st Duke Albany and Helena Waldeck Duchess Albany at Claremont House Esher, Surrey. He a grandson of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom. He married 11th October 1905 his fourth cousin once removed Viktoria Adelheid Glücksburg, daughter of Friedrich Ferdinand Glücksburg Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Glücksburg and Victoria Friederike Oldenburg Duchess Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Glücksburg, and had issue.
On 19th July 1887 Richard St John Jefferyes Colthurst 8th Baronet was born to George St John Colthurst 6th Baronet (age 36) and Edith Jane Morris Lady Colthurst (age 27).
On 19th July 1913 Bishop Gerald Fitzmaurice Colin was born. He married before 19th December 1995 Iris Susan Stuart Colin.
On 19th July 1927 Gerard Robert Henry Sigismund Newman 3rd Baronet was born to Cecil Gustavus Jacques Neumann aka Newman 2nd Baronet (age 36) and Joan Grimston Lady Neumann at Burloes Hall, Hertfordshire.
On 19th July 1933 Mark Colville 4th Viscount Colville was born to Charles Colville 3rd Viscount Colville (age 45).
Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes
Récits d’un bourgeois de Valenciennes aka The Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes is a vivid 14th-century vernacular chronicle written by an anonymous urban chronicler from Valenciennes in the County of Hainaut. It survives in a manuscript that describes local and regional history from about 1253 to 1366, blending chronology, narrative episodes, and eyewitness-style accounts of political, military, and social events in medieval France, Flanders, and the Low Countries. The work begins with a chronological framework of events affecting Valenciennes and its region under rulers such as King Philip VI of France and the shifting allegiances of local nobility. It includes accounts of conflicts, sieges, diplomatic manoeuvres, and the impact of broader struggles like the Hundred Years’ War on urban life in Hainaut. Written from the perspective of a burgher (bourgeois) rather than a monastery or royal court, the chronicle offers a rare lay viewpoint on high politics and warfare, reflecting how merchants, townspeople, and civic institutions experienced the turbulence of the 13th and 14th centuries. Its narrative style combines straightforward reporting of events with moral and civic observations, making it a valuable source for readers interested in medieval urban society, regional politics, and the lived experience of war and governance in pre-modern Europe.
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On 19th July 1951 Caroline Anne Beauclerk was born to Charles Beauclerk 13th Duke St Albans (age 35) and Suzanne Marie Fesq Duchess St Albans (age 30).
On 19th July 1978 Thomas Anson 6th Earl of Lichfield was born to Thomas Patrick John Anson 5th Earl Lichfield (age 39) and Leonora Mary Grosvenor Countess Lichfield (age 29). He married December 2009 Henrietta Conyngham Countess Lichfield, daughter of Henry Vivien Conyngham 8th Marquess Conyngham and Iona Charlotte Grimston.
On 19th July 1620 Henry Grey 1st Earl Stamford (age 21) and Anne Cecil (age 24) were married. She by marriage Baroness Grey of Groby. She the daughter of William Cecil 2nd Earl Exeter (age 54) and Elizabeth Drury Countess Exeter (age 42). They were fourth cousins.
On 19th July 1696 Rushout Cullen 3rd Baronet (age 35) and Eleanor Jarrett were married.
On 19th July 1764 Richard Grosvenor 1st Earl Grosvenor (age 33) and Henrietta Vernon Countess Grosvenor (age 28) were married.
On 19th July 1774 John Parnell 2nd Baronet (age 29) and Laetitia Charlotte Brooke were married. They were third cousin once removed.
On 19th July 1810 Charles Jenkinson 3rd Earl Liverpool (age 26) and Julia Evelyn Medley Shuckburgh-Evelyn were married. He the son of Charles Jenkinson 1st Earl Liverpool and Catherine Bishopp Countess Liverpool (age 65).
On 19th July 1876 Hamilton John Agmondesham Cuffe 5th Earl of Desart (age 27) and Margaret Joan Lascelles Countess of Desart (age 22) were married. She by marriage Countess Desart. She the daughter of Henry Thynne Lascelles 4th Earl Harewood (age 52) and Elizabeth Joanna Burgh. He the son of John Cuffe 3rd Earl Desart and Elizabeth Lucy Campbell Countess Desart (age 54). They were second cousins.
On 19th July 1905 Robert Jocelyn 8th Earl Roden (age 21) and Elinor Jessie Parr Countess Roden were married. He the son of Robert Jocelyn 7th Earl Roden (age 60). They were fifth cousin once removed.
On 19th July 1939 Weetman John Pearson 3rd Viscount Cowdray (age 29) and Anne Pamela Bridgeman Viscountess Cowdray (age 26) were married. She by marriage Viscountess Cowdray of Cowdray in Sussex. She the daughter of Orlando Bridgeman 5th Earl Bradford (age 65) and Margaret Cecilia Bruce Countess Bradford (age 56).
Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke
Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson.
Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.
On 19th July 1131 Raymond III Count Barcelona (age 48) died. His son Raymond (age 17) succeeded V Count Barcelona.
On 19th July 1234 Floris Gerulfing IV Count Holland (age 24) was killed in a tournament.
On 19th July 1333 King Edward III of England (age 20) defeated the Scots army at the Battle of Halidon Hill near Berwick-upon-Tweed, Northumberland [Map]. John of Eltham 1st Earl Cornwall (age 16) commanded.
English archers, just as at the Battle of Dupplin Moor one year previously, had a significant impact on the massed ranks of Scottish schiltrons. Edward's army included: Thomas of Brotherton 1st Earl Norfolk (age 33), who commanded the right wing, Hugh Courtenay 1st or 9th Earl Devon (age 56), Robert Pierrepont, Hugh Courtenay 2nd or 10th Earl Devon (age 30), Henry Beaumont Earl Buchan (age 54) and John Sully (age 50). One of the few English casualties was John Neville (age 34) who was killed.
The Scottish army included King David II of Scotland (age 9). Alexander Bruce, Alan Stewart (age 61), James Stewart (age 57), John Stewart, William Douglas 1st Earl Atholl, Archibald Douglas (age 35) who were all killed.
Hugh 4th Earl Ross (age 36) was killed. His son William succeeded 5th Earl Ross.
Malcolm Lennox 2nd Earl Lennox was killed. His son Domhnall succeeded Earl Lennox.
Kenneth de Moravia Sutherland 4th Earl Sutherland was killed. His son William succeeded 5th Earl Sutherland. Johanna Menteith Countess Sutherland by marriage Countess Sutherland.
On 19th July 1337 Bishop John Langton died.
On 19th July 1352 Archbishop William Zouche died at Cawood, North Yorkshire [Map]. He was buried at York Minster [Map].
On 19th July 1415 Philippa of Lancaster Queen Consort Portugal (age 55) died at Sacavém.
On 19th July 1529 Thomas Brooke 8th Baron Cobham (age 59) died. He was buried at St Mary Magdalene New Churchyard, Cobham. His son George (age 32) succeeded 9th Baron Cobham. Anne Braye Baroness Cobham (age 28) by marriage Baroness Cobham.
On 19th July 1543 Mary Boleyn (age 44) died. Her considerable wealth and properties were inherited by her two children from her first marriage Catherine Carey (age 19) and Henry Carey 1st Baron Hunsdon (age 17), and her second husband William Stafford (age 35).
On 19th July 1549 Edmund Sheffield 1st Baron Sheffield (age 27) was killed at Cathedral Close, Norwich Cathedral [Map] during Kett's Rebellion. His son John (age 11) succeeded 2nd Baron Sheffield of Butterwick in Lincolnshire.
On 19th July 1629 Matthew Plunkett 5th Baron Louth died. His son Oliver (age 21) succeeded 6th Baron Louth.
On 19th July 1644 John Gordon 1st Baronet (age 34) was beheaded for treason. His son John (age 12) succeeded 2nd Baronet Gordon of Haddo for suppressing the Conventers.
On 19th July 1648 William Yelverton 2nd Baronet (age 58) died. His son William succeeded 3rd Baronet Yelverton of Rougham in Norfolk.
On 19th July 1649 Richard Wynn 2nd Baronet (age 61) died without issue. His brother Owen (age 57) succeeded 3rd Baronet Wynn of Gwydir.
This is a translation of the 'Memoires of Jacques du Clercq', published in 1823 in two volumes, edited by Frederic, Baron de Reissenberg. In his introduction Reissenberg writes: 'Jacques du Clercq tells us that he was born in 1424, and that he was a licentiate in law and a counsellor to Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, in the castellany of Douai, Lille, and Orchies. It appears that he established his residence at Arras. In 1446, he married the daughter of Baldwin de la Lacherie, a gentleman who lived in Lille. We read in the fifth book of his Memoirs that his father, also named Jacques du Clercq, had married a lady of the Le Camelin family, from Compiègne. His ancestors, always attached to the counts of Flanders, had constantly served them, whether in their councils or in their armies.' The Memoires cover a period of nineteen years beginning in in 1448, ending in in 1467. It appears that the author had intended to extend the Memoirs beyond that date; no doubt illness or death prevented him from carrying out this plan. As Reissenberg writes the 'merit of this work lies in the simplicity of its narrative, in its tone of good faith, and in a certain air of frankness which naturally wins the reader’s confidence.' Du Clercq ranges from events of national and international importance, including events of the Wars of the Roses in England, to simple, everyday local events such as marriages, robberies, murders, trials and deaths, including that of his own father in Book 5; one of his last entries.
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On 19th July 1721 Bishop Jonathan Trelawny 3rd Baronet (age 71) died. His son John (age 29) succeeded 4th Baronet Trelawny of Trelawny in Cornwall.
On 19th July 1731 James Darcy 1st Baron Darcy of Navan (age 81) died. His grandson James (age 24) succeeded 2nd Baron Darcy of Navan.
On 19th July 1745 Nicholas Williams 1st Baronet (age 64) died. Baronet Williams of Edwinsford in Carmarthenshire extinct. His brother Thomas Williams of Edwinsford in Llandeilo (age 63) inherited his estates.
On 19th July 1786 Lionel Wright Vane-Fletcher 1st Baronet (age 63) died. His son Frederick (age 26) succeeded 2nd Baronet Fletcher of Hutton in Cumberland.
On 19th July 1792 Charles Mill 9th Baronet (age 70) died. His son Charles (age 27) succeeded 10th Baronet Mill of Camois Court in Sussex.
On 19th July 1799 John Frederick Sackville 3rd Duke Dorset (age 54) died. His son George (age 5) succeeded 4th Duke Dorset, 10th Earl Dorset, 5th Earl Middlesex, 10th Baron Buckhurst, 5th Baron Cranfield of Cranfield in Middlesex.
On 19th July 1809 John Macnamara Hayes 1st Baronet (age 59) died. His son Thomas (age 15) succeeded 2nd Baronet Hayes of Westminster.
On 19th July 1809 Richard Wingfield 4th Viscount Powerscourt (age 46) died. His son Richard (age 18) succeeded 5th Viscount Powerscourt.
On 19th July 1823 James Innes-Kerr 5th Duke Roxburghe (age 87) died. His son James (age 7) succeeded 6th Duke Roxburghe.
On 19th July 1833 George Granville Leveson-Gower 1st Duke Sutherland (age 75) died. His son George (age 46) succeeded 2nd Duke Sutherland, 3rd Marquess Stafford, 20th Earl Sutherland, 4th Earl Gower, 5th Baron Gower, 9th Baronet Gower of Stittenham in Yorkshire. Harriet Elizabeth Georgiana Howard Duchess Sutherland (age 27) by marriage Duchess Sutherland.
The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy
The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.
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On 19th July 1855 Hugh Kerr aka McDonnell 4th Earl of Antrim (age 42) died. His brother Mark (age 41) succeeded 5th Earl Antrim 2C, 5th Viscount Dunluce. Jane Macan Countess of Antrim (age 30) by marriage Countess Antrim 2C.
On 19th July 1862 Henry Bold-Hoghton 8th Baronet (age 63) died. His son Henry (age 40) succeeded 9th Baronet Hoghton of Hoghton Tower in Lancashire.
On 19th July 1876 Percy Burrell 4th Baronet (age 64) died. His brother Walter (age 61) succeeded 5th Baronet Burrell of Valentine House in Essex. Dorothea Jones Lady Burrell (age 48) by marriage Lady Burrell.
On 19th July 1879 Carnegie Jervis 3rd Viscount St Vincent (age 53) died. His son John (age 29) succeeded 4th Viscount St Vincent of Meaford in Staffordshire.
On 19th July 1918 William Randall McDonnell 6th Earl of Antrim (age 67) died. His son Randall (age 39) succeeded 7th Earl Antrim 2C, 7th Viscount Dunluce. Margaret Isabel Talbot Countess of Antrim by marriage Countess Antrim 2C.
On 19th July 1930 Thomas Agar-Robartes 6th Viscount Clifden (age 86) died. His son Francis (age 47) succeeded 7th Viscount Clifden of Gowran in County Kilkenny, 7th Baron Mendip of Mendip in Somerset, 3rd Baron Robartes of Lanhydrock and of Truro in Cornwall.
On 19th July 1931 May Prinsep Baroness Tennyson (age 77) died.
On 19th July 1948 Algernon Kerr Butler Osborn 7th Baronet (age 77) died. His son Danvers (age 32) succeeded 8th Baronet Osborn of Chicksands in Bedfordshire.
On 19th July 1953 Hugh "Bendor" Grosvenor 2nd Duke Westminster (age 74) died. His first cousin William (age 58) succeeded 3rd Duke Westminster, 5th Marquess Westminster, 6th Earl Grosvenor, 12th Baronet Grosvenor of Eaton in Cheshire.
On 19th July 1966 Fenella Hepburn-Stuart-Forbes-Trefusis (age 76) died. Her great nephew Gerard (age 32) abeyance terminated 22nd Baron Clinton.
Jean de Waurin's Chronicle of England Volume 6 Books 3-6: The Wars of the Roses
Jean de Waurin was a French Chronicler, from the Artois region, who was born around 1400, and died around 1474. Waurin’s Chronicle of England, Volume 6, covering the period 1450 to 1471, from which we have selected and translated Chapters relating to the Wars of the Roses, provides a vivid, original, contemporary description of key events some of which he witnessed first-hand, some of which he was told by the key people involved with whom Waurin had a personal relationship.
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On 19th July 1971 John Jacob Astor 1st Baron Astor (age 85) died. His son Gavin (age 53) succeeded 2nd Baron Astor. Irene Haig Baroness Astor (age 51) by marriage Baroness Astor.
On 19th July 1993 Guy Theophilus Halswell Campbell 5th Baronet (age 83) died. His son Lachlan (age 35) succeeded 6th Baronet Campbell of St Cross Mede in Hampshire.
On 19th July 2001 Richard Gibbs 2nd Baron Wraxall (age 73) died unmarried. His brother Eustace (age 72) succeeded 3rd Baron Wraxall of Clyst St George in Devon.
On 19th July 2013 Hugh Smith-Marriott 11th Baronet (age 88) died. His brother Peter (age 86) succeeded 12th Baronet Smith of Sydling St Nicholas.