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All About History Books
The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
21 Dec is in December.
1065 Death of King Edward the Confessor
1135 Coronation of King Stephen
Events on the 21st December
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. 1057. This year died Earl Ralph, on the twelfth before the calends of January [21st December 1057]; and lies at Peterborough [Map].
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. 21st December 1065. About midwinter King Edward (age 62) came to Westminster, and had the minster there consecrated, which he had himself built to the honour of God, and St. Peter, and all God's saints. This church-hallowing was on Childermas-day.
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. [21st December 1075]. And the king (age 47) was then at Westminster, at midwinter; where all the Britons were condemned who were at the bride-ale at Norwich. Some were punished with blindness; some were driven from the land; and some were towed to Scandinavia. So were the traitors of King William subdued.
In December 1135 King Stephen I England (age 41) was crowned King of England by Archibishop of Canterbury William de Corbeil (age 65).
The date of his coronation described differently by many Chroniclers:
Florence of Worcester: "on the thirteenth of the calends of January" i.e. 20th December 1135.
Orderic Vitalis: "on the eighteenth of the calends of January" i.e. 15th December 1135; the editor provided a note suggesting this date is incorrect and the correct date is the 26th December 1135.
The Annals of Winchester: "on the 22nd day after the death of his uncle, on the 1st of January." We should note that if King Henry died on the 1st December this date would refer to the 22nd or 23rd of December.
Roger of Wendover's Flowers of History: "on the day of the proto-martyr St. Stephen" i.e. 26th December 1135.
Chronicle of Richard Baker: "and so upon St. Stephen's day, in Anno 1135" i.e. 26th December 1135.
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle: "on midwinter day" i.e. probably 20th or 21st of December but possibly the 25th.
Matthew Paris Chronica Majora: "on the Feast of Saint Stephen" i.e. 26th December 1135.
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On 21st December 1281 Hartmann Habsburg (age 18) drowned.
On 21st December 1495 Jasper Tudor 1st Duke Bedford (age 64) died at Thornbury Manor without legitimate issue. He was buried at Keynsham Abbey [Map]. Duke Bedford, Earl Pembroke extinct.
After 21st December 1536. All Saints Church, Maiden Bradley [Map]. Monument to John Seymour (deceased). 
Seymour Arms differenced with a Crescent impaled with unknown arms quartered 1 Argent a fess between 3 martlets Gules in chief three fox heads erased 2 per pale Azure three fleur de lys Or 3 Or three talbots courant 4 Or a chevrom Limine between 3 stags heads caboshed. The note below states... The above tablet (a copy of the original in Great Bedwyn [Map]) is placed here by Algernon 15th Duke of Somerset September 1899.
Wriothesley's Chronicle. 21st December 1551. The 21 of December, beinge St. Thomas th' Apostles day. Lord Riche (age 54) beinge Lord Channcellor of England, the Kinges Maiesties great seale was taken from him by the Duke of Northumberland (age 47) and the Earl of Pembroke (age 50) in the afternoone. And the morrowe after Doctor Goodricke, Bishop of Elye, had the keepinge of the great seale, as custos, by the counselles commandement, which bishop was one of the Privie Counsell to the Kinges Maiestie.
On 21st December 1579 Thomas Richards died. In 1603 Elizabeth Fiennes (age 56) died.
Monument in St Mary the Virgin Church, Chipping Norton [Map]. Finely made in alabaster. Elizabethan Period. Renaissance chest with stripped-down strapwork. Rush Mat. Dress Folds at Feet. Ruff. Possibly Richard and Gabriel Royley of Burton upon Trent.
Thomas Richards: Before 21st December 1579 he and Elizabeth Fiennes were married.
Elizabeth Fiennes: Around 1523 she was born to Edward Fiennes 5th Baron Saye and Sele and Margaret Danvers Baroness Saye and Sele.
On 21st December 1582 Henry Knollys (age 40) died. Monument at St Nicholas' Church, Stanford-on-Avon [Map].
The inscription: "Sacred to the Memory Here rest in Christ, awaiting the resurrection, Henry Knollys, son and heir of Francis Knollys (age 70), Knight Bachelor, Privy Counsellor to Queen Elizabeth, Treasurer of her Household, and of Margaret (age 23), his wife, daughter and heir of Ambrose Cave, Knight Bachelor, also a Privy Counsellor to Queen Elizabeth and Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. Margaret bore to Henry: Elizabeth (age 3), wife of Henry Willoughby of Risley (age 3), Baronet, and Laetitia, wife of William, Baron Paget of Beaudesert (age 10). Henry died .... Margaret .... To the best and most dearly loved parents, Elizabeth Willoughby, their daughter, set up this monument in loving devotion."
"Memoriæ Sacrum. Resurrectionem in Christo hic expectant Henricus Knollis filius et hæres Frangcisci Knollis Equitis avrati reginæ Elizabthæ a sanctioribus consiliis thesaurarii Hospitti eiusdem reginæ et margaretta vxor eius filia et hæres Ambrosh cave Equitis avrati Reginæ Elizabethæ a sanctioribus consiliis & ducatus Lancastriæ Cancellarii quæ eidem Henrico Peperit Elizabetham uxorem Henrici Willoughby de Risely Baroneetti & Lætitiam uxorem Guilielmi baronis Pagett de Beaudesert Henricus obit die .... Margarete .... Optimis & perquam Dilectis, Parentibus Elizabetha Willoughby, Filia Pietatis ergo hc monumentum, posuit"
Henry Knollys: he was appointed Esquire to the Body to Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland. Around 1542 he was born to Francis Knollys and Catherine Carey. On 16th July 1566 Henry Knollys and Margaret Cave were married.
Elizabeth Knollys: In 1579 she was born to Henry Knollys and Margaret Cave at Rotherfield Greys, Oxfordshire. After 6th February 1605 Henry Willoughby 1st Baronet and she were married.
Lettice Knollys Baroness Geneville Beaudasert: In 1583 she was born to Henry Knollys and Margaret Cave at Rotherfield Greys, Oxfordshire. Before 19th June 1602 William Paget 4th Baron Paget Beaudasert and she were married. She by marriage Baroness Paget Beaudasert. In 1655 Lettice Knollys Baroness Geneville Beaudasert died.
After 21st December 1614. St Mary's Church, Nantwich [Map]. Monument to Thomas Smith of Hough in Cheshire commissioned by his wife Anne Brereton. The monument, carved by Hugh Hall, was originally in St Chad's Church, Wybunbury [Map] but moved to Nantwich in 1982. Stuart Period.
Thomas Smith of Hough in Cheshire: Around 1545 he was born to Lawrence Smith and Anne Fouleshurst. On 21st January 1561 he and Anne Brereton were married. On 21st June 1614 he died. Notes of the Churches of Cheshire. The alabaster tomb [at St Chad's Church, Wybunbury his wife daughter to Sr William Brereton of Brereton Kt who had issue one sonn and one daught'r wch Sr Thomas died the 21st of December 1614 whose ladie in remembrance gave him this monument.
Anne Brereton: In December 1546 she was born to William Brereton and Jane Warburton. After 1614 Anne Brereton died.
On 21st December 1638 Maximilian Thomas Habsburg Spain Archduke Austria was born to Ferdinand III Holy Roman Emperor (age 30) and Maria Anna of Spain Holy Roman Empress (age 32). Coefficient of inbreeding 15.19%.
John Evelyn's Diary. 21st December 1651. Came to visit my wife (age 16), Mrs. Lane, the lady who conveyed the King (age 21) to the seaside at his escape from Worcester. Mr. John Cosin, son of the Dean (age 57), debauched by the priests, wrote a letter to me to mediate for him with his father. I prepared for my last journey, being now resolved to leave France altogether.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 21st December 1661. To White Hall to the Privy Seal, where my Lord Privy Seal (age 55) did tell us he could seal no more this month, for that he goes thirty miles out of town to keep his Christmas. At which I was glad, but only afeard lest any thing of the King's (age 31) should force us to go after him to get a seal in the country.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 21st December 1662. By and by comes in my simple Lord Chandois (age 41), who (my Lord Sandwich (age 37) being gone out to Court) began to sing psalms, but so dully that I was weary of it. At last we broke up; and by and by comes in my Lord Sandwich again, and he and I to talk together about his businesses, and so he to bed and I and Mr. Creed and Captain Ferrers fell to a cold goose pye of Mrs. Sarah's, heartily, and so spent our time till past twelve o'clock, and then with Creed to his lodgings, and so with him to bed, and slept till
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 21st December 1662. Thence walked to White Hall, and there to chappell, and from thence up stairs, and up and down the house and gallerys on the King's and Queen's (age 24) side, and so through the garden to my Lord's lodgings, where there was Mr. Gibbons (age 47), Madge, and Mallard, and Pagett; and by and by comes in my Lord Sandwich (age 37), and so we had great store of good musique.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 21st December 1663. Up betimes, my wife having a mind to have gone abroad with me, but I had not because of troubling me, and so left her, though against my will, to go and see her father and mother by herself, and I straight to my Lord Sandwich's (age 38), and there I had a pretty kind salute from my Lord, and went on to the Duke's (age 30), where my fellow officers by and by came, and so in with him to his closet, and did our business, and so broke up, and I with Sir W. Batten (age 62) by coach to Salisbury Court, Fleet Street, and there spoke with Clerk our Solicitor about Field's business, and so parted, and I to Mrs. Turner's (age 40), and there saw the achievement pretty well set up, and it is well done.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 21st December 1663. Thence, having enough of it, by coach to my Lord Sandwich's (age 38), where I find him within with Captain Cooke (age 47) and his boys, Dr. Childe (age 57), Mr. Madge, and Mallard, playing and singing over my Lord's anthem which he hath made to sing in the King's Chappell: my Lord saluted me kindly and took me into the withdrawing-room, to hear it at a distance, and indeed it sounds very finely, and is a good thing, I believe, to be made by him, and they all commend it. And after that was done Captain Cooke and his two boys did sing some Italian songs, which I must in a word say I think was fully the best musique that I ever yet heard in all my life, and it was to me a very great pleasure to hear them.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 21st December 1664. My Lord Sandwich (age 39) this day writes me word that he hath seen (at Portsmouth, Hampshire [Map]) the Comet, and says it is the most extraordinary thing that ever he saw.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 21st December 1665. At the office all the morning. At noon all of us dined at Captain Cocke's (age 48) at a good chine of beef, and other good meat; but, being all frost-bitten, was most of it unroast; but very merry, and a good dish of fowle we dressed ourselves. Mr. Evelyn (age 45) there, in very good humour.
All About History Books
The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 21st December 1666. So home to dinner, and spent all the afternoon in putting some things, pictures especially, in order, and pasting my Baroness Castlemayne's (age 26) print on a frame, which I have made handsome, and is a fine piece.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 21st December 1667. At the office all the morning, and at noon home to dinner with my Clerks and Creed, who among other things all alone, after dinner, talking of the times, he tells me that the Nonconformists are mighty high, and their meetings frequented and connived at; and they do expect to have their day now soon; for my Lord of Buckingham (age 39) is a declared friend to them, and even to the Quakers, who had very good words the other day from the King (age 37) himself: and, what is more, the Archbishop of Canterbury (age 69) is called no more to the Cabal, nor, by the way, Sir W. Coventry (age 39); which I am sorry for, the Cabal at present being, as he says, the King, and Duke of Buckingham, and Lord Keeper (age 61), the Duke of Albemarle (age 59), and Privy Seale (age 61). The Bishops, differing from the King in the late business in the House of Lords, having caused this and what is like to follow, for every body is encouraged nowadays to speak, and even to preach, as I have heard one of them, as bad things against them as ever in the year 1640; which is a strange change. He gone, I to the office, where busy till late at night, and then home to sit with my wife, who is a little better, and her cheek asswaged. I read to her out of "The History of Algiers", which is mighty pretty reading, and did discourse alone about my sister Pall's (age 27) match, which is now on foot with one Jackson (age 27), another nephew of Mr. Phillips's, to whom he hath left his estate.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 21st December 1668. Thence to the Duke's playhouse, and saw "Macbeth". the King (age 38) and Court there; and we sat just under them and my Baroness Castlemayne (age 28), and close to the woman that comes into the pit, a kind of a loose gossip, that pretends to be like her, and is so, something. And my wife, by my troth, appeared, I think, as pretty as any of them; I never thought so much before; and so did Talbot and W. Hewer (age 26), as they said, I heard, to one another. The King and Duke of York (age 35) minded me, and smiled upon me, at the handsome woman near me but it vexed me to see Moll Davis (age 20), in the box over the King's and my Baroness Castlemayne's head, look down upon the King, and he up to her; and so did my Baroness Castlemayne once, to see who it was; but when she saw her, she looked like fire; which troubled me. The play done, took leave of Talbot, who goes into the country this Christmas, and so we home, and there I to work at the office late, and so home to supper and to bed.
On 21st December 1670, owing to a jest made by Coventry (age 34) in the House of Commons on the subject of the King's amours, Sir Thomas Sandys, an officer of the guards, with other accomplices, by the order of Monmouth (age 21), and (it was said) with the approval of the king himself, waylaid him as he was returning home to Suffolk Street and slit his nose to the bone. The outrage created an extraordinary sensation in the Commons, and in consequence Parliament debated a bill 'to prevent malicious maiming and wounding' (22 & 23 Chas. II, c.1), a measure known as the "Coventry Act" was passed, declaring assaults accompanied by personal mutilation a felony without benefit of clergy, an Act not repealed until 1828.
On 11th September 1674 Anna Maria Josepha Habsburg Spain was born to Leopold Habsburg Spain I Holy Roman Emperor (age 34) and Claudia Felicitas of Holy Roman Empress (age 21). She died three months later on 21st December 1674. Coefficient of inbreeding 5.35%.
John Evelyn's Diary. 21st December 1675. Visited her Ladyship (age 43) again, where I found the Bishop of Winchester (age 77), whom I had long known in France; he invited me to his house at Chelsea.
On 21st December 1676 Charles Beauclerk 1st Duke St Albans (age 6) was created 1st Earl Burford, 1st Baron Heddington by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 46).
On 21st December 1718 Bishop Joseph Butler (age 26) was ordained a Priest by William Talbot (age 60), Bishop of Salisbury, at St James' Church, Piccadilly.
In December 1800 King George III of Great Britain and Ireland (age 62) created a number of peers who supported the Act of Union ....
On 21st December 1800 Charles Stanley Monck 1st Viscount Monck (age 46) was created 1st Viscount Monck.
On 29th December 1800 ....
Murrough O'Brien 1st Marquess Thomond (age 74) was created 1st Marquess Thomond. Mary Palmer Marchioness Thomond (age 50) by marriage Marchioness Thomond.
Charles Tottenham aka Loftus 1st Marquess Ely (age 62) was created 1st Marquess Ely in County Wexford. Jane Myhill Marchioness Ely by marriage Marchioness Ely in County Wexford.
James Alexander 1st Earl Caledon (age 70) was created 1st Earl Caledon in County Tyrone.
On 21st December 1808 Henry William Paget 1st Marquess Anglesey (age 40) defeated two regiments of French cavalry.
All About History Books
The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 1st October 1822 Anthony Hamond of High House in West Acre (age 80) died. On 21st December 1806 Sarah Case died. Memorial in All Saints Church, West Acre [Map] sculpted by Joseph Theakston (age 50).
Anthony Hamond of High House in West Acre: In 1742 he was born to Robert Hamond. Before 21st December 1806 Anthony Hamond of High House in West Acre and Sarah Case were married.
Sarah Case: Around 1746 she was born to Philip Case of King's Lynn.
On 21 and 22nd December 1845 the Battle of Ferozeshah was a victory by the British East India Company over the Sikh Empire.
After 21st December 1853. Monuments at St Mary the Virgin Church, Overton to Francis Richard Price and his wife Susan Towneley, her monument sculpted by Edwards of Wrexham.
On 21st December 1864 Louisa Alexandra Williams-Wynn Lady Williams-Wynn was born to Watkin Williams-Wynn 6th Baronet (age 44) and Marie Emily Williams-Wynn Lady Williams-Wynn. Her godparents were Queen Louise Hesse-Kassel of Denmark (age 47), the Princess of Wales, and her uncle, Sir Hugh Williams (age 62). Coefficient of inbreeding 6.25%.
After 21st December 1914. St Mary's Church, Chirk [Map]. Medals and memorial to Hillyar George Edwin Hill-Trevor (age 18) killed in action.
Hillyar George Edwin Hill-Trevor: On 31st December 1895 he was born to George Edwyn Hill-Trevor at the Hotel Paoli, Florence in Florence. On 21st December 1914 Hillyar George Edwin Hill-Trevor was killed in action at Givenchy in France where he has a memorial on which are inscribed 'FOR GOD AND COUNTRY', 'THINE O GOD HE WAS AND THINE HE IS IN PERFECT WE LEAVE HIM TILL WE MEET AGAIN' and 'CLOSE TO THIS SPOT SLEEPS IN ETERNAL PEACE HILLYAR GEORGE EDWIN HILL-TREVOR LT SCOTS GUARDS BELOVED ONLY CHILD OF THE HONBLE GEORGE EDWYN & ETHEL HILL-TREVOR OF BRYNKINALT CHIRK ENGLAND KILLED WHILE GALLANTLY LEADING HIS MEN DEC 21 1914 AGED 18 YEARS'.
On 21st December 1916 Captain Redvers Lionel Calverley Bewicke-Copley (age 26) was killed in action. Whilst leading a party repairing trench wiring at Sailly, France, he was shot through the head by a sniper within 20 yards of the German line and killed outright on 21st December 1916. He was Buried at Combles.
21st December 1928. Philip de László (age 59). Portrait of María Dolores "Lala" Piñeiro (age 36). De László's appointment book for 1928 indicates that he painted María Dolores Piñeiro de Wesley over two days, morning and afternoon, on 21 and 22 December. She told her children that de László talked continuously as he painted and that she greatly enjoyed their conversation, whereas her husband recalled that when he was shown the finished portrait in the artist's studio, he bluntly said: "I don't like it. László must have hated me for that".
María Dolores "Lala" Piñeiro: On 9th July 1892 she was born to Andrés Piñeiro and Dolores 'Lola' García Láinez at Tandil. In July 1908 María Dolores "Lala" Piñeiro celebrated her sixteenth birthday in Paris [Map]. On 17th June 1911 Alfredo Enrique Wellesley Wesley and she were married. On 19th March 1983 she died.
After 21st December 1985. Church of St Hychan Llanychan [Map]. Grave of Violet Kathleen Brinkley (deceased), second wife of Joseph Crosland Graham.
Violet Kathleen Brinkley: On 17th February 1895 she was born to Charles Michael Edgeworth Brinkley and Evelyn Everard Hutton at Tongham, Surrey. On 1929 Joseph Crosland Graham and she were married at St Asaph years. On 21st December 1985 she died.
Births on the 21st December
On 21st December 1119, or 1120, the Feast Day of St Thomas the Apostle, Archbishop Thomas Becket was born. His father was Gilbert, and grandfather from Thierville in Brionne in Normandy. His mother was Matilda; also of Norman descent.
On 21st December 1265 Henry Hussey 1st Baron Hussey was born to Henry Hussey of Harting & Standen (age 19).
On 21st December 1392 Maud Neville 6th Baroness Furnivall was born to Thomas Neville Baron Furnivall (age 30) and Joan Furnival 5th Baroness Furnivall (age 17).
On 21st December 1396 Giles Brugge 4th Baron Chandos was born to Thomas Brugge (age 41) and Alice Berkeley (age 17).
On 21st December 1468 William Conyers 1st Baron Conyers was born to John Conyers (age 35) and Alice Neville (age 31) at Settrington. He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward III of England.
On 21st December 1505 Thomas Wriothesley 1st Earl of Southampton was born to William Wriothesley (age 16) and Agnes Drayton of London.
All About History Books
The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 21st December 1594 Robert Sutton 1st Baron Lexinton was born to William Sutton (age 35) and Susan Cony.
On 21st December 1596 Thomas Francis of Savoy 1st Prince of Carignano was born to Charles Emmanuel Savoy I Duke Savoy (age 34) and Catherine Habsburg Spain Duchess Savoy (age 29). Coefficient of inbreeding 6.67%.
On 21st December 1604 Elizabeth Stanhope Baroness Berkeley was born to Michael Stanhope (age 55) and Elizabeth Read.
On 21st December 1626 Francis Scott 2nd Earl Buccleuch was born to Walter Scott 1st Earl Buccleuch (age 20) and Mary Hay Countess Buccleuch.
On 21st December 1638 Maximilian Thomas Habsburg Spain Archduke Austria was born to Ferdinand III Holy Roman Emperor (age 30) and Maria Anna of Spain Holy Roman Empress (age 32). Coefficient of inbreeding 15.19%.
On 21st December 1657 Catherine Sedley Countess Dorchester and Portmore was born to Charles Sedley 5th Baronet (age 18) and Catherine Savage.
On 21st December 1662 Thomas Bland 3rd Baronet was born to Francis Bland 2nd Baronet (age 20) and Jane Lowther (age 21).
On 11th September 1674 Anna Maria Josepha Habsburg Spain was born to Leopold Habsburg Spain I Holy Roman Emperor (age 34) and Claudia Felicitas of Holy Roman Empress (age 21). She died three months later on 21st December 1674. Coefficient of inbreeding 5.35%.
On 21st December 1687 Andrew Agnew 5th Baronet was born to James Andrew 4th Baronet (age 27).
On 21st December 1689 Arthur Ingram 6th Viscount Irvine was born to Arthur Ingram 3rd Viscount Irvine (age 23).
On 21st December 1691 Thomas Trollope 4th Baronet was born to Thomas Trollope 3rd Baronet (age 24) and Susannah Clobery (age 21).
All About History Books
The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 21st December 1697 Charles Bennet 2nd Earl Tankerville was born to Charles Bennet 1st Earl Tankerville (age 23) and Mary Grey Baroness Ossulston (age 19).
On 21st December 1723 Thomas Saunders Sebright 5th Baronet was born to Thomas Saunders Sebright 4th Baronet (age 31) and Henrietta Dashwood Lady Sebright (age 38).
On 21st December 1732 Frederick St John 3rd Viscount St John 2nd Viscount Bolingbroke was born to John St John 2nd Viscount St John (age 30) and Anne Furnese (age 20).
On 21st December 1735 John Baker Holroyd 1st Earl Sheffield was born.
On 21st December 1739 Juliana Petre was born to Robert Petre 8th Baron Petre (age 26) and Mary Radclyffe (age 25). She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
On 21st December 1744 Anne Vallayer Coster was born.
On 21st December 1752 Frances Julia Burrell Duchess Northumberland was born to Peter Burrell (age 28) and Elizabeth Lewis.
On 21st December 1768 Cropley Ashley-Cooper 6th Earl Shaftesbury was born to Anthony Ashley-Cooper 4th Earl Shaftesbury (age 57) and Mary Bouverie Countess Shaftesbury (age 38).
On 21st December 1777 John Douglas Edward Henry Campbell 7th Duke Argyll was born to John Campbell 5th Duke Argyll (age 54) and Elizabeth Gunning Duchess Hamilton and Argyll (age 44).
On 21st December 1778 John Astley Bennet was born to Charles Bennet 4th Earl Tankerville (age 35) and Emma Colebrooke Countess Tankerville (age 26).
All About History Books
The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 21st December 1784 Robert John Wilmot 3rd Baronet was born to Robert Meade Wilmot 2nd Baronet (age 32) and Juliana Elizabeth Byron in Petersham, Surrey.
On 21st December 1793 Richard Henry Rycroft 3rd Baronet was born to Nelson Rycroft 2nd Baronet (age 32).
On 21st December 1795 John Tyssen Tyrell 2nd Baronet was born to John Tyrell 1st Baronet (age 33) and Sarah Tyssen.
On 21st December 1800 Duchess Louise Dorothea of Saxe Coburg Altenburg was born to Duke Augustus of Saxe Coburg Altenburg (age 28) and Louise Charlotte Mecklenburg-Schwerin (age 21) at Gotha. Coefficient of inbreeding 1.90%.
On 21st December 1801 Major John Gunning was born to George William Gunning 2nd Baronet (age 38) and Elizabeth Diana Bridgeman.
On 21st December 1807 Henrietta Maria Dillon Baroness Stanley Alderley and Eddisbury was born to Henry Augustus Dillon Lee 13th Viscount Dillon (age 30) at Halifax, Nova Scotia.
On 21st December 1810 Thomas Neville Abdy 1st Baronet was born to Captain Anthony Abdy (age 30) and Grace Rich (age 18). He was educated at Winchester College, Winchester. He was baptised at St Mary Abbots Church, Kensington on 14th December 1811.
On 21st December 1830 George Francis Coventry Pocock 3rd Baronet was born to George Edward Pocock 2nd Baronet (age 38) and Augusta Elinor Coventry.
On 21st December 1830 Arthington Cayley Worsley was born to William Worsley 1st Baronet (age 38).
On 21st December 1832 Montagu Samuel 1st Baron Swaythling was born to Louis Samuel (age 38) and Henrietta Israel. Early in his life he appears to have changed his name from Montagu Samuel, to Samuel Montagu. This may have been an administrative error during education which he subsequently adopted.
On 21st December 1834 Eveline Howard Herbert Countess Portsmouth was born to Henry John George Herbert 3rd Earl Carnarvon (age 34) and Henrietta Anna Howard-Molyneux-Howard Countess Carnarvon (age 30).
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The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 21st December 1845 Lowry Cole 4th Earl Enniskillen was born to William Willoughby Cole 3rd Earl Enniskillen (age 38) and Jane Casamaijor Countess Enniskillen.
On 21st December 1847 Thomas Henry William Pelham was born to Henry Pelham 3rd Earl Chichester (age 43) and Mary Brudenell Countess Chichester (age 41).
On 21st December 1857 Thomas Nelson 4th Earl Nelson was born to Horatio Nelson 3rd Earl Nelson (age 34) and Mary Jane Agar Countess Nelson (age 35).
On 21st December 1859 Mary Ashburnham Viscountess Knutsford was born to Bertram Ashburnham 4th Earl Ashburnham (age 62) and Katherine Charlotte Baillie Countess Ashburnham (age 40).
On 21st December 1864 Louisa Alexandra Williams-Wynn Lady Williams-Wynn was born to Watkin Williams-Wynn 6th Baronet (age 44) and Marie Emily Williams-Wynn Lady Williams-Wynn. Her godparents were Queen Louise Hesse-Kassel of Denmark (age 47), the Princess of Wales, and her uncle, Sir Hugh Williams (age 62). Coefficient of inbreeding 6.25%.
On 21st December 1876 Joyce Christabel Kennaway Lady Wilbraham was born to John Henry Kennaway 3rd Baronet (age 39) and Frances Arbuthnot Lady Kennaway (age 33).
On 21st December 1888 Hastings William Russell 12th Duke Bedford was born to Herbrand Arthur Russell 11th Duke Bedford (age 30) and Mary Caurroy Tribe Duchess Bedford.
On 21st December 1897 Minnie Mabel "Mimi" Forde Pigott Countess of Suffolk and Bershire was born.
On 21st December 1989 John Bryson Crichton-Stuart 8th Marquess of Bute was born to John Crichton-Stuart 7th Marquess of Bute (age 31).
Marriages on the 21st December
On 21st December 1546 William Cecil 1st Baron Burghley (age 26) and Mildred Cooke Baroness Burghley (age 20) were married.
On 21st December 1639 Baptist Noel 3rd Viscount Campden (age 28) and Hester Wotton Viscountess Campden (age 24) were married.
On 21st December 1691 Bishop Nathaniel Crew 3rd Baron Crew (age 58) and Penelope Frowde Baroness Crewe were married.
On 21st December 1717 James Campbell 5th Baronet (age 39) and Susanna Campbell Lady Campbell (age 40) were married. She by marriage Lady Campbell of Auchinbreck. They were fifth cousins.
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The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 21st December 1728 Henry Brydges 2nd Duke Chandos (age 20) and Mary Bruce (age 18) were married. She the daughter of Charles Bruce 4th Earl Elgin 3rd Earl Ailesbury (age 46) and Anne Savile. He the son of James Brydges 1st Duke Chandos (age 55) and Mary Lake. They were fifth cousins.
On 21st December 1761 Admiral Charles Middleton 1st Baron Barham (age 35) and Margaret Gambier were married.
On 21st December 1769 Henry Hunloke 4th Baronet (age 45) and Margaret Coke Lady Hunloke (age 18) were married. She by marriage Lady Hunloke of Wingerworth in Derbyshire. The difference in their ages was 26 years.
On 21st December 1847 Albert Conygham aka Denison 1st Baron Londesborough (age 42) and Ursula Lucy Grace Bridgeman (age 24) were married. He the son of Henry Conyngham 1st Marquess Conyngham and Elizabeth Denison Marchioness Conyngham (age 78).
On 21st December 1887 Gerald Balfour 2nd Earl of Balfour (age 34) and Elizabeth Bulwer-Lytton Countess Balfour (age 20) were married. She the daughter of Edward Robert Bulwer-Lytton 1st Earl (age 56) and Edith Villiers Countess Lytton (age 46). They were sixth cousins.
On 21st December 1887 Delves Louis Broughton 10th Baronet (age 30) and Mary Evelyn Cotton Lady Broughton (age 23) were married at St George's Church, Hanover Square. She by marriage Lady Broughton of Broughton in Staffordshire.
On 21st December 1940 George Gordon 2nd Marquess of Aberdeen and Temair (age 61) and Anna Orrok Forbes Marchioness Aberdeen and Temair were married. She by marriage Marchioness of Aberdeen and Temair. He the son of John Hamilton-Gordon 1st Marquess of Aberdeen and Temair and Isabel Marjoribanks Marchioness of Aberdeen and Ternair.
Deaths on the 21st December
On 21st December 1057 Ralph "The Timid" 1st Earl of Hereford died. Earl Hereford extinct.
On 21st December 1446 Louis Bourbon 1st Count Vendôme 1st Count Castres (age 70) died at Tours. His son John (age 18) succeeded VIII Count Vendôme.
On 21st December 1495 Jasper Tudor 1st Duke Bedford (age 64) died at Thornbury Manor without legitimate issue. He was buried at Keynsham Abbey [Map]. Duke Bedford, Earl Pembroke extinct.
On 21st December 1582 Henry Knollys (age 40) died. Monument at St Nicholas' Church, Stanford-on-Avon [Map].
The inscription: "Sacred to the Memory Here rest in Christ, awaiting the resurrection, Henry Knollys, son and heir of Francis Knollys (age 70), Knight Bachelor, Privy Counsellor to Queen Elizabeth, Treasurer of her Household, and of Margaret (age 23), his wife, daughter and heir of Ambrose Cave, Knight Bachelor, also a Privy Counsellor to Queen Elizabeth and Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. Margaret bore to Henry: Elizabeth (age 3), wife of Henry Willoughby of Risley (age 3), Baronet, and Laetitia, wife of William, Baron Paget of Beaudesert (age 10). Henry died .... Margaret .... To the best and most dearly loved parents, Elizabeth Willoughby, their daughter, set up this monument in loving devotion."
"Memoriæ Sacrum. Resurrectionem in Christo hic expectant Henricus Knollis filius et hæres Frangcisci Knollis Equitis avrati reginæ Elizabthæ a sanctioribus consiliis thesaurarii Hospitti eiusdem reginæ et margaretta vxor eius filia et hæres Ambrosh cave Equitis avrati Reginæ Elizabethæ a sanctioribus consiliis & ducatus Lancastriæ Cancellarii quæ eidem Henrico Peperit Elizabetham uxorem Henrici Willoughby de Risely Baroneetti & Lætitiam uxorem Guilielmi baronis Pagett de Beaudesert Henricus obit die .... Margarete .... Optimis & perquam Dilectis, Parentibus Elizabetha Willoughby, Filia Pietatis ergo hc monumentum, posuit"
Henry Knollys: he was appointed Esquire to the Body to Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland. Around 1542 he was born to Francis Knollys and Catherine Carey. On 16th July 1566 Henry Knollys and Margaret Cave were married.
Elizabeth Knollys: In 1579 she was born to Henry Knollys and Margaret Cave at Rotherfield Greys, Oxfordshire. After 6th February 1605 Henry Willoughby 1st Baronet and she were married.
Lettice Knollys Baroness Geneville Beaudasert: In 1583 she was born to Henry Knollys and Margaret Cave at Rotherfield Greys, Oxfordshire. Before 19th June 1602 William Paget 4th Baron Paget Beaudasert and she were married. She by marriage Baroness Paget Beaudasert. In 1655 Lettice Knollys Baroness Geneville Beaudasert died.
On 21st December 1653 Francis Leigh 1st Earl Chichester (age 55) died. Baronet Leigh of Newnham in Warwickshire, Baron Dunsmore of Dunsmore in Warwickshire extinct.
His son-in-law Thomas Wriothesley 4th Earl of Southampton 2nd Earl Chichester (age 46) succeeded 2nd Earl Chichester.
On 21st December 1655 Maria Ambrosia Habsburg Spain died.
On 21st December 1663 Thomas Bruce 1st Earl Elgin (age 64) died. His son Robert (age 37) succeeded 2nd Earl Elgin, 2nd Baron Bruce of Whorlton in Yorkshire. Diana Grey Countess Elgin and Ailesbury (age 33) by marriage Countess Elgin.
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The Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough, a canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: "In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed." Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 21st December 1671 Elizabeth Reade Baroness Burford died.
On 21st December 1672 Charles Stanley 8th Earl of Derby (age 44) died. His son William (age 17) succeeded 9th Earl Derby, 3rd Baron Strange Knockin.
On 11th December 1721 John Shaw 2nd Baronet (age 61) died. He was buried at the Church of Holy Trinity, Eltham on 21st December 1721. His son John (age 34) succeeded 3rd Baronet Shaw of Eltham in Kent. Anna Maria Barnardiston Lady Shaw (age 24) by marriage Lady Shaw of Eltham in Kent.
On 21st December 1739 Elizabeth "Lady Betty" Hastings (age 57) died unmarried. Francis Hastings 10th Earl Huntingdon (age 10) inherited her estates including Ledston Hall.
On 21st December 1754 Thomas Gage 1st Viscount Gage (age 53) died. He was buried at West Firle Church Firle, East Sussex. His son William (age 36) succeeded 2nd Viscount Gage of Castle Island in County Kerry, 2nd Baron Gage of Castlebar in County Mayo, 9th Baronet Gage of Firley in Sussex.
On 21st December 1763 Anna Maria Collins Countess Abingdon died.
On 21st December 1767 Hungerford Hoskyns 4th Baronet (age 90) died. His son Chandos (age 47) succeeded 5th Baronet Hoskyns of Harewood in Herefordshire. Rebecca May Lady Hoskyns by marriage Lady Hoskyns of Harewood in Herefordshire.
On 21st December 1811 Admiral Peter Parker 1st Baronet (age 90) died. He was buried at St Margaret's Church, Westminster [Map]. His grandson Peter (age 25) succeeded 2nd Baronet Parker of Bassingbourn in Essex.
On 1st October 1822 Anthony Hamond of High House in West Acre (age 80) died. On 21st December 1806 Sarah Case died. Memorial in All Saints Church, West Acre [Map] sculpted by Joseph Theakston (age 50).
Anthony Hamond of High House in West Acre: In 1742 he was born to Robert Hamond. Before 21st December 1806 Anthony Hamond of High House in West Acre and Sarah Case were married.
Sarah Case: Around 1746 she was born to Philip Case of King's Lynn.
On 21st December 1836 Maria St John-Mildmay Viscountess Bolingbroke and St John (age 46) died.
On 21st December 1876 Robert Gore-Booth 4th Baronet (age 71) died. His son Henry (age 33) succeeded 4th Baronet Gore-Booth of Artarman in County Sligo.
On 21st December 1889 Bishop Joseph Barber Lightfoot (age 61) died unmarried.
On 21st December 1891 William Cavendish 7th Duke Devonshire (age 83) died. He was buried at the Cavendish Plot, St Peter's Church, Edensor [Map]. His son Spencer (age 58) succeeded 8th Duke Devonshire, 11th Earl Devonshire, 3rd Earl Burlington, 11th Baron Cavendish Hardwick.
On 21st December 1919 Mary Rothes Tyssen-Amherst 2nd Baroness Amherst (age 62) died. Her grandson William (age 7) succeeded 3rd Baron Amherst of Hackney in London.
On 21st December 1921 William Tate 2nd Baronet (age 79) died. His son Ernest (age 54) succeeded 3rd Baronet Tate of Park Hill in Streatham in London.
On 21st December 1932 John Parnell 6th Baron Congleton (age 40) died. His son William (age 7) succeeded 7th Baron Congleton of Congleton in Cheshire, 10th Baronet Parnell of Rathleague Queen's County.
On 21st December 1943 Rowland Henry Cave-Browne-Cave 14th Baronet (age 78) died. His nephew Clement (age 47) succeeded 15th Baronet Cave of Stanford in Northamptonshire.
On 21st December 1943 William Smith-Marriott 8th Baronet (age 78) died. His first cousin Hugh (age 75) succeeded 9th Baronet Smith of Sydling St Nicholas.
On 21st December 1958 Anthony Devas (age 47) died.