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12 Feb is in February.
1242 Henry VII King Germany Dies Conrad I Succeeds
1352 Marriage of Charles II King Navarre and Joan Valois
1424 Marriage of James I of Scotland and Joan Beaufort
1461 Second Battle of St Albans
1462 Vere Plot to Murder Edward IV
1499 Execution of Ralph Wulford
1503 Death and Funeral of Elizabeth of York
1517 Catherine Queen Navarre Dies Henry II Succeeds
1536 Henry VIII Tournament Accident
1542 Catherine Howard Tower of London Executions
Events on the 12th February
On 12th February 881 Charles "Fat" King East Francia Holy Roman Emperor III King West Francia King Aquitaine (age 41) succeeded Holy Roman Emperor.
On 12th February 1233 Ermengarde Beaumont Sarthe Queen Consort Scotland (age 63) died. She was buried at Balmerino Abbey. Her brother Raoul (age 61) succeeded I Viscount of Beaumont le Vicomte.
Chronica Majora. 12th February 1236. About the same time, king Henry the Third (age 28), for the salvation of his soul and the improvement of his kingdom, influenced by a spirit of justice and piety, made some new laws, and ordered them to be inviolably observed throughout his kingdom.
In the first place with respect to widows, who, after the death of their husbands were deprived of their dowry, or could not hold it and their quarentin without a plea, it was decreed, that whoever should deforce them from their dowry, from the tenements of which their husbands died possessed, and the widows should afterwards recover their dowry by plea, and the deforcing party shall be conNdcted of unjust deforcement, they shall make the damages good to the said widows, to the fall value of the dowry falling to them, from the time of the decease of their husbands to the day on which they recovered possession by judgment, and nevertheless the deforcers themselves shall be at the king's mercy. Also, all widows shall henceforth be at liberty to bequeath all the com on their land, as well from their dowries, as from other lands and tenements, saving the services which are due to their lords from their dowries and other tenements. Also, whoever shall have been disseised from his free tenement, and shall have recovered possession by assize of a new disseisin before the justiciaries, or shall have made a disseisin with their cognizance, and when disseised shall have held possession through the sheriff, if the said disseisers shall have disseised them after the circuit of the justiciaries or during the same, and shall be convicted thereof, they shall be taken and detained in a prison of our lord the king, until by him they are liberated, either by ransom or in any other manner. And the following is the form of conviction to be observed with regard to them: When the complainants come to the court, they shall have a brief from the king directed to the sheriff, in which shall be contained their evidence of the disseisin made on disseisin, and therein the Sheriff of shall be ordered to take with him the overseers of the pleas of the crown, and other legal officers, and to go in person to the tenement or pasture about which the complaint has been made, and in their presence, by jurors first, and by other neighbours and liege men, to make a careful inquisition in the matter, and if they shall discover it to be disseised as above mentioned, then they shall proceed according to the provisions before declared, but if not, then the complainants shall be at the mercy of the king, and the other party shall go away quit. The same shall be done in the case of those who recover possession by assize of the death of their predecessor; the same also shall be done in the case of all tenements recovered by juries in the king's court. Also, whereas several of the nobles of England have enfeoffed knights and their free tenants of small tenements in their manors, and have complained that they cannot effect their conveniency as regarded the residue of their manors, as of wastes, woods, and pastures, so that the feoffees might have sufficient as was proper according to their tenements, it was provided and granted, that feoffees of this kind, from whomsoever they should hereafter bring an assize of a new disseisin, if before the justiciaries it shall be proved that they have sufficient pasturage, in proportion to their tenement, together with free ingress and egress from their tenements to that pasture, they shall be content with the same, and those of whom such complaint has been made shall be satisfied with having effected their will in the matter of their waste lands, woods, and pastures; but if they say that they have not sufficient pasture or sufficient ingress and egress, then the truth shall be inquired into by assize. And if it is discovered by assize that there was any obstruction in the ingress or egress, or that the pasture was not sufficient, as aforesaid, then he shall receive possession after inspection by the jurors, so that at their discretion and on their oaths, the complainants may have sufficient pasture and free ingress and egress, in the form above stated. And the disseisers shall remain at the mercy of the king, and shall pay damages, as they used to be paid before this provision; but if it shall be found by assize that the complainants have sufficient pasture and free ingress and egress, as aforesaid, then the other party shall be allowed to do what is right with the residue, and shall depart quietly. It is also granted by our lord the king, with the consent of the nobles, that from this time, interest shall not accumulate against a minor from the time of the decease of his predecessor, whose heir he is, till he lawfully comes of age; but that on this account the payment of the principal shall not be delayed. Also, with respect to those who commit offences in parks and warrens, a discussion was entered upon, but not decided, for the nobles demanded to have each his own prison for offenders they might take in their parks and warrens; but this the king would not grant them, and therefore this remains as formerly.
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On 12th February 1242 Henry VII King Germany (age 31) died. His half brother Conrad (age 13) succeeded King Germany.
On 12th February 1317 Denis Burgundy was born to Alfonso "Brave" IV King Portugal (age 26) and Beatrice Ivrea Queen Consort Portugal (age 24). Coefficient of inbreeding 3.61%.
On 12th February 1352 Charles "Bad" II King Navarre (age 19) and Joan Valois Queen Consort Navarre (age 8) were married at Chateau du Vivie, Coutevroult. She by marriage Queen Consort Navarre. She the daughter of King John "The Good" II of France (age 32) and Bonne Luxemburg Queen Consort France. He the son of Philip "Noble" III King Navarre and Joan Capet II Queen Navarre. They were second cousins. He a great x 3 grandson of King Henry III of England. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.
Patent Rolls. 12th February 1385. Commission to W. Bishop of Winchester (age 65), Thomas, Bishop of Exeter, Richard, Earl of Arundel (age 39), Robert, Earl of Oxford (age 23), Thomas, Earl of Nottingham (age 16), Hugh de Segrave (age 89), treasurer of England, Simon de Burley (age 45), under-chamberlain, Nicholas Brembre, mayor of London, John Clanvowe and Robert Plesyngton, knights, Master Walter Skirlawe, keeper of the privy seal, John Waltham, keeper of the rolls of Chancery, John Appelby, dean of St. Paul's, London, Richard Rounhale and Thomas Bacton, clerks,
On 12th February 1424 King James I of Scotland (age 29) and Joan Beaufort Queen Consort Scotland (age 20) were married at Southwark Cathedral [Map]. She by marriage Queen Consort Scotland. She the daughter of John Beaufort 1st Marquess Somerset and Dorset and Margaret Holland Duchess Clarence (age 39). He the son of King Robert III of Scotland and Annabella Drummond Queen Consort Scotland. They were half fourth cousin twice removed. He a great x 5 grandson of King John of England. She a great granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
On 12th February 1429 John Fastolf (age 49) was at Rouvray leading a supply train of some 300 carts of crossbows, cannons, etc and also barrels of herrings to Orléans. A force of 400 strong Scottish cavalry led by Charles Bourbon I Duke Bourbon (age 28) and John Stewart of Darnley 1st Count Évreux (age 49) attacked the supply train and were destroyed by English archers protected by supply wagons. John Stewart of Darnley 1st Count Évreux was killed. He was buried at Orléans Cathedral.
Patent Rolls. 12th February 1460. Westminster. Grant to Jasper, earl of Pembroke (age 28), in tail male, of a messuago with houses, gardens and other appurtenances called "le Garlike" in Stepenhith, co. Middlesex. By ps. etc.
An English Chronicle. 12th February 14611. The xij. day of Feuerer, the Thurseday, kyng Harry with his lordes, that ys to say, the duk of Norfolk, and Suffolk, the erles of Warrewyk and of Arundelle, the lorde Bonevyle and other, went oute of Londoun, and came with thayre peple to the toune of Seynt Albonys, nat knowyng that the peple of the North was so nyghe. And whanne the kyng herde that they were so nyghe hym, he went oute and took hys felde besyde a lytelle towne called Sandryge, nat fer fro Seynt Albonys, in a place called No-mannes land, and there he stoode and sawe his peple slayne on bothe sydes. And at the laste, thorow the withdrawyng of the Kentisshmen with thayre capteyne, called Lovelace, that was in the vaunt-warde,—the whych Lovelace fauored the Northe party, for as moche as he was take by the Northurnmen at Wakefeld whan the duk of York was slayne, and made to theym an othe for to saue his lyfe, that he wold neuer be agayns theym,—and also be vndysposycion of the peple of the kynges syde, that wold nat be guyded ne gouerned by theyre capteyns, kyng Harryes part loste the feeld. The lordes that were wyth [folio 213a] the kyng seyng thus, withdrowe theym, and went theyre wey.
Note. See below where the date is given as the 17th February 1461.
Chronicle of John Benet. 12th February 14611 On the 12th day of February most sources say 17th February 1461., which was then a Thursday, the King left London, and with him the Duke of Norfolk, to the town of Barnet. And on the same day, the Earl of Warwick left London towards the town of Ware with a great force of artillery, and he met the King near the town of St. Albans. And from the northern parts came the Duke of Somerset, the Earl of Devon, the Earl of Northumberland, and other lords mentioned before, to the town of St. Albans, plundering all the cities and towns through which they passed. The King went out to meet them on the eastern side of the town of St. Albans, about a mile away. There, the Duke of Norfolk, the Earl of Warwick, and the Earl of Arundel fled, and thus the other lords captured the King. And there was killed Lord William Bonville and many others, almost four thousand in number. Then the Queen came to the King in the town of St. Albans, and thus the King went to the town of Dunstable, while the Queen, remaining in the town of St. Albans, plundered all of Middlesex as far as London. And she sent a chaplain and an esquire to the Mayor of London for money, but they departed empty-handed.
Et xij die Februarii tunc die Jovis1 Exivit Rex de London' et cum eo dux Norfolche usque villam de Bernet. Et eodem die exivit de London' Comes Warvyci versus villam de Ware cum magna ordinancia et obviavit regi apud villam Sancti Albani. Et venit ex (fo. 186r) partibus borialibus dux Somersetie, Comes comitatus Devonie, Comes Northumbrie et alii domini prefati usque villam Sancti Albani, depredantes omnes civitates et villas per quas iter fecerunt, contra quos exiit Rex obvians eis exparte orientale ville Sancti Albani quasi per unum miliare, et ibi fugit dux Norfolchie et Comes Warvici et Comes Arundelle et sic ceperunt Alii domini Regem. Et interfectus est ibi dominus Willelmus Bonvyle et multi alii numero quasi iiijor milia, et tunc venit Regina ad regem in villam Sancti Albani, et sic ivit rex usque villam de Dunstapulle et regina expectans in villam Sancti Albani depredavit totam Midilsexiam usque London'. Et illa misit maiori London' pro pecunia unum capellanum et armigerum et vacui recesserunt.
Note 1. This date agrees with Davies, English Chronicle, p. 1072, but Gregory's Chronicle, p. 211, gives 17 February.
Note 2. Two paragraphs later in the English Chronicle it reads "This bataylle was done on Shroftwysday, the yere aboue sayde, the xvij. day of Feuerer".
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On 12th February 1462 John de Vere 12th Earl of Oxford (age 53), his son Aubrey de Vere (age 21) and Thomas Tuddenham (age 60) were arrested for treason against King Edward IV (age 19). They were subsequently tried by John "Butcher of England" Tiptoft 1st Earl of Worcester (age 34) who was appointed Constable of England five days before.
All About History Books
The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
Chronicle of Robert Fabyan. 12th February 1462. And upon the xii. day of February was the erle of Oxenforde (age 53), wt the lorde Aubry (age 21) his elder sone, syr Thomas Todenhame (age 60), Wyllya Tyrell (age 54), & other, brought unto the Towre of London:
On 12th February 1479 Eleanor Trastámara Queen Consort Navarre (age 53) died.
On 12th February 1499 Ralph Wulford (age 20) was executed for having claimed to be Edward "Last Plantagenet" York 17th Earl Warwick (age 23).
Chronicle of Robert Fabyan. 12th February 1499. And upon Shrove Tuesday was put in execution, at Saint Thomas Watering [Map], a stripling [Ralph Wulford (age 20)] of twenty years of age, which had himself to be the son or heir to the Earl of Warwick's lands, and was the son of a cordwainer of London.
The Antiquarian Repertory. The Sunday [12th February 1503] next following the corps (deceased) was removed from her Chamber to the Chappell [Map] in manner that followeth.
First there was The Abbott of Westminster (age 39) in pontificalibus with the Dean of the kings Chappell (age 63) and the whole company of the same fowr knights bearing the Canapye with great Number of Gentlemen which went two and two together on every syde of the prossion great Number of torches brening borne by the Kings and the Queens servants after them the Officers of Armes and the Greatest estates and other Lords their present layd their hands to the Corps the Lady Elizabeth Stafford (age 24) was that day principall Mourner and all the other Laides followed her two and two together in such most sadd and simplest Clothing that they had on their heads thredden kierchiefs hanging on their shoulders and close under their Chins and this daily until their slopps mantells hoodes and paris were made and Ordyned. And when the Corps was sett under the hearse in the Chapell [Map] Coverd with a rich Cloth of black velvet with a Crosse of Cloth of Gold. And an Officer of Armes in an high voice said for Queen EHzebeth soule and all Xtn souls Pater noster and every ...... and atoremus before the Collect Aminabus inlykewise.
That night and every Night following was ordyned a goodly watch both of men and Gentlewomen at the lest iiij gentlewomen ij [2] officers of Armes and vij yeomen and grooms. The gentlewomen were relieved with vj [6] ladies which continually did knele about the Corps.
Then the kings Chaplin began and Redd the sawter that done to the laudes and Commendations.
After that the Deane of the kings Chappell all the nobles officers of Armes other gentle and honest persons went to the great chamber for the Ladys to the Masse of Requiem.
Then was the Lady Catherin (age 23) sister of the noble Queene Cheif mourner led by the Earle of Surry (age 60) and Earle of Essex her train borne by the Lady Elizabeth Stafford accompanied also with all the other Laidies and Gentlewomen of the Court And when they were comen to the quier the foresaid vj Laides gave roome to there betters in tyme masse was done after which they continued their watch.
The Cheif Mourner kneled at the heade alone then an officer of Arms began for the Queene &c And so began the masse songen by the Abbot of Westminster at the Offringe the Lady was led by ij [2] of the greatest Estates there present and the lest gave her the offring having before her the Chamberlain and the Officers of Arms passing always by the Corps did their obeysance as before.
Then offered the other six Laides before any Estate ij [2] and ij [2] together then the greatest estates and all the Laides and Gentlewomen then all the other Laides and knights and squires with other Gentlemen. So this order as before was dayly kept as long as she was in the Tower every day in pontificalibus by a Bishop or an Abbott at the least as the next day by the Abbott of Barmsey The iij [3] by the Abbott Albones The iiijth by the Abbott of Winchcomb The vth by the Abbott of Towerhill The vjth by the Abbott of Stratford The vijth day there was iij [3] solempne masses. The first of our lady sungen by the Abbott of Redyng att that masse offered a piece of Gold of xld for the masse pennye the principle Mourner and no other person The second masse songen by the bishop Landaffe and likewise at the masse none offered but she and then offered a piece of Gold of 5s. The iijd Masse songen by the bishop of Norwigge and att that Masse she offered a Noble Then offered the Laides and the Nobles as before The viijth day the service was done by the Bishop of Bangor The ixth day by the Bishop of Exeter the xii day by the Bishop of Lincolne.
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On 12th February 1517 Catherine Grailly I Queen Navarre (age 49) died. Her son Henry (age 13) succeeded II King Navarre.
Letters and Papers. 12th February 1536. Add. MS. 8,715, f. 205. B. M. 294. Bishop of Faenza (age 35) to the Prothonotary Ambrogio. Hears that the king of England has had a fall from his horse, and was thought to be dead for two hours. His lady (age 35) miscarried in consequence. Ital., modern copy, pp. 3. Headed: Al Signor Protonotario Ambrogio, Da Leone, li 12 Febraro 1536
Letters and Papers Foreign and Domestic Henry VIII 1542. On Sunday the 12th [Feb 1542], towards evening, she [Queen Catherine Howard of England (age 19)] was told to prepare for death, for she was to die next day. That evening she asked to have the block brought in to her, that she might know how to place herself; which was done, and she made trial of it.
On 12th February 1554 Guildford Dudley (age 19) was beheaded at Tower Hill [Map]. An hour later his wife Lady Jane Grey (age 18) was beheaded at Tower Green [Map] by order of Queen Mary I (age 37). They were buried at St Peter ad Vincula Church, Tower of London [Map].
Henry Machyn's Diary. 12th February 1554. The xij day of February was mad at evere gate in Lundun a newe payre of galaus and set up, ij payre in Chepesyde, ij payr in Fletstrett [Map], one in Smythfyld [Map], one payre in Holborne, on at Ledyn-hall [Map], one at sant Magnus London [-bridge], on at Peper allay gatt, one at sant Gorgeus, on in Barunsay [Bermondsay] strett, on Towr hylle [Map], one payre at Charyngcrosse [Map], on payre besyd Hyd parke corner.
Chronicle of Greyfriars. 12th February 1554. Item the xij. of February was beheddyd wythin the tower lady Jane (age 18) that wolde a bene qwene; and hare husband whose name was Gylford Dudley (age 19) at the Tower-hyll.
Chronicle of Queen Jane and Two Years of Queen Mary 1554. The monday, being the xijth [12] of Februarie [1554], about ten of the clocke, ther went out of the Tower to the scaffolde on Tower hill, the lorde Guilforde Dudley (age 19), sone to the late duke of Northumberland, husbande to the lady Jane Grey (age 18), daughter to the duke of Suffolke (age 37), who at his going out tooke by the hande sir Anthony Browne (age 25), maister John Throgmorton (age 30), and many other gentyllmen, praying them to praie for him; and without the bullwarke Offeleya the sheryve receyved him and brought him to the scaffolde, where, after a small declaration, having no gostlye fatherb with him, he kneeled downe and said his praiers; then holding upp his eyes and handes to God many tymesc; and at last, after he had desyred the people to pray for him, he laide himselfe along, and his hedd upon the block, which was at one stroke of the axe taken from him.
Note, the lorde marques (age 42)d stode upon the Devyl's towre, and sawe the executyon. His carcas throwne into a carre, and his hed in a cloth, he was brought into the chappell [Map] within the Tower, wher the ladye Jane, whose lodging was in Partrige's house, dyd see his ded carcase taken out of the cart, aswell as she dyd see him before on lyve going to his deathe, a sight to hir no lessee then deathf.
Note a. Sir Thomas Offley; see note in Machyn's Diary, p. 353.
Note b. He had probably refused the attendance of a Roman Catholic priest, and was not allowed one of his own choice.
Note c. Misread by Stowe with teares.
Note d. The marquess of Northampton.
Note e. no lesse in MS., not worse as given by Stowe and Holinshed.
Note f. "Great pitie was it for the casting awaye of that fayre Ladye, whome nature had not onely so bewtified, but God also had endewed with singuler gyftes and graces, so that she ignorantly receaved that which other wittingly devised and offred unto her.
"And in like manner that comely, vertuous, and goodly gentleman the lorde Gylford Duddeley most innocently was executed, whom God had endowed with suche vertues, that even those that never before the tyme of his execution saw hym, dyd with lamentable teares bewayle his death." Grafton's Abridgment, 1563.
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Chronicle of Queen Jane and Two Years of Queen Mary 1554. 12th February 1554. By this tyme was ther a scaffolde made upon the grene over agaynst the White tower, for the saide lady Jane (age 18) to die apon. Who with hir husband (age 19) was appoynted to have ben put to deathe the fryday before, but was staied tyll then, for what cause is not knowen, unlesse yt were because hir father was not then come into the Tower. The saide lady, being nothing at all abashed, neither with feare of her owne deathe, which then approached, neither with the sight of the ded carcase of hir husbande, when he was brought in to the chappell, came fourthe, the levetenaunt leding hir, in the same gown wherin she was arrayned, hir countenance nothing abashed, neither her eyes enything moysted with teares, although her ij. gentylwomen, mistress Elizabeth Tylney and mistress Eleyn, wonderfully wept, with a boke in hir hande, wheron she praied all the way till she cam to the saide scaffolde, wheron when she was mounted, &c.
So far, our Diarist's narrative of this judicial tragedy has been adopted, somewhat abridged, by Stowe and Holinshed. The latter chronicler then proceeds thus (copying Grafton), "Whereon when she was mounted, this noble young ladie, as she was indued with singular gifts both of learning and knowledge, so was she as patient and mild as any lambe at hir execution, and a little before hir death uttered these words," (then giving her address to the people assembled). Whether our Diarist's conclusion," when she was mounted, &c."was intended to lead on to some other paper, written by himself or another, it is impossible to decide; but it seems not very improbable that he was also the writer of the account of the lady Jane's execution, which begins with the same words, and which was originally published in a small black-letter pamphleta entitled,
The Ende of the lady Jane Dudley, daughter of the duke of Suffolk, upon the scaffolde, at the houre of her death.
First, when she mounted upon the scaffolde, she sayd to the people standing thereabout: "Good people, I am come hether to die, and by a lawe I am condemned to the same. The facte, in dede, against the quenes highnesse was unlawfull, and the consenting thereunto by meb but touching the procurement and desyre therof by me or on my halfe, I doo wash my handes thereof in innocencie, before God, and the face of you, good Christian people, this day," and therewith she wrong [Note. wrung] her handes, in which she had hir booke. Then she sayd, "I pray you all, good Christian people, to beare me witnesse that I dye a true Christian woman, and that I looke to be saved by none other meane, but only by the mercy of God in the merites of the blood of his only sonne Jesus Christ: and I confesse, when I dyd know the word of God I neglected the same, loved my selfe and the world, and therefore this plague or punyshment is happely and worthely happened unto me for my sins; and yet 1 thank God of his goodnesse that he hath thus geven me a tyme and respet to repent. And now, good people, while I am alyve, I pray you to assyst me with your prayers."a2 And then, knelyng downe, she turned to Fecknamb2, saying, "Shall I say this psalme?" And he said, "Yea." Then she said the psalme of Miserere mei Deus in English, in most devout maner, to the end. Then she stode up, and gave her maiden mistris Tilneyc her gloves and handkercher, and her book to maister Brugesd, the lyvetenantes brother; forthwith she untyed her gown.
The hangman went to her to help her of therewith; then she desyred him to let her alone, turning towardes her two gentlewomen, who helped her off therwith, and also with her frose paasta3 and neckercher, geving to her a fayre handkercher to knytte about her eyes.
Then the hangman kneeled downe, and asked her forgevenesse, whome she forgave most willingly. Then he willed her to stand upon the strawe: which doing, she sawe the block. Then she sayd, "I pray you dispatch me quickly." Then she kneeled down, saying, "Wil you take it of before I lay me downe?" and the hangman answered her, "No, madame." She tyed the kercher about her eys; then feeling for the blocke, saide, "What shall I do? Where is it?" One of the standers-by guyding her therunto, she layde her heade down upon the block, and stretched forth her body and said: "Lorde, into thy hands I commende my spirite!" And so she ended.
Note a. This is here copied from a reprint edited by the Rev. John Brand in the 13th volume of the Archaeologia. I have not been able to find a copy of the original. It was incorporated into the narratives of Grafton and Foxe, with some variations, which will be noticed in the ensuing notes.
Note b. Holinshed has amplified this into the following more explicit statement: "My offence agaynst the queenes highnesse was onely in consent to the device of other, which nowe is deemed treason; but it was never my seeking, but by counsell of those who shoulde seeme to have further understanding of things than I, which knewe little of the lawe, and much lesae of the tytles to the crowne."
Note a2. Another report of "lady Jane Dudley's speech on the scaffold," somewhat more verbose but not so impressive, is printed in Nicolas's Remains, &c. p. 52.
Note b2. This circumstance, that Feckenham (the new dean of St. Paul's) was attendant upon her, is suppressed by Grafton, but preserved by Foxe.
Note c. Altered by Grafton, &c. to "her mayden (called mystresse Eleyn)" that is, her other female attendant.
Note d. Grafton altered this "to mayster Bruges, then lieutenant of the Tower;" and Foxe says, "maister Bruges" only. The book is supposed to have been the same manual of English prayers which is now preserved in the British Museum as the MS. Harl. 2342; and which contains the three following notes, the two former it will be perceived addressed to the duke of Suffolk, and the last to sir John Brydges:
Your lovyng and obedyent son wischethe unto your grace long lyfe in this world, with as muche joye and comforte as ever I wyshte to my selfe, and in the world to come joy everlasting. Your most humble son tel his death. G. DUDDELEY.
The Lorde comforte your grace, and that in his worde, whearin all creatures onlye are to be comforted. And thoughe it hathe pleased God to take away ij. of your children, yet thincke not, I most humblye beseach your grace, that you have loste them, but truste that we, by leasinge this mortall life, have wunne an immortal life. And I for my parte, as I have honoured your grace in this life, wyll praye for you in another life. Youre gracys humble doughter, JANE DUDDELEY.
Forasmutche as you have desired so simple a woman to wrighte in so worthye a booke, good mayster lieuftenaunte, therefore I shall as a frende desyre you, and as a Christian require you, to call uppon God to encline your harte to his lawes, to quicken you in his waye, and not to take the worde of trewethe utterlye oute of youre mouthe. Lyve styll to dye, that by deathe you may purchase eternall life, and remembre howe the ende of Mathusael, whoe, as we reade in the scriptures, was the longeste liver that was of a manne, died at the laste: for, as the precher sayethe, there is a tyme to be borne, and a tyme to dye; and the daye of deathe is better than the daye of cure birthe. Youres, as the Lorde knowethe, as a frende, JANE DUDDELEY."
These passages (facsimiles of the first and last of which are engraved in "Autographs of Remarkable Persons," 4to. 1829, Pl. 19) were evidently written very shortly before the execution of the noble pair, as is shown by an expression in the lady Jane's address to her father; and there is every probability in sir Harris Nicolas's conjecture that this book was employed as the messenger to convey these assurances of duty and affection, when personal intercourse was denied. The duke of Suffolk was brought back to the Tower only two days before his daughter's decapitation, and it is possible that she was spared the additional pain of knowing how imminent his fate also was. From the passage addressed to the lieutenant, it would further appear that the book, "so worthye a booke," already belonged to him; if, therefore, it is the same which the lady Jane carried with her to the scaffold, she would place it in the hands of "maister Brydges" (whether the lieutenant or his brother) as returning it to its owner. In some accounts of the lady Jane's last moments it will be found stated that she gave a book to sir John Gage; this error, into which Mr. Howard in his Memoir has fallen, arises merely from a confusion of the constable with the lieutenant of the Tower, sir John Gage having been erroneously named as the lieutenant in the description of the manual in the Catalogue of the Harleian MSS. This interesting relic is a small square vellum book, now in modern binding.
Note a3. Sir Harris Nicolas (p. xci.) states that, after having taken considerable pains to ascertain the meaning of the article here named, he was inclined to coincide with a literary friend who suggested "Fronts-piece." Foxe, however, has it spelt "frowes past," which is probably "frow's paste," or matronly head-dress: the paste being a head attire worn by brides, as explained in the glossarial index to Machyn's Diary, p. 463. The term was thought probably too familiar, if not inapplicable, by Grafton, who altered it in his chronicle to "her other attyres."
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Wriothesley's Chronicle. 12th February 1554. The 12 of Februarie Guilforde Dudley (age 19) was beheaded at the Tower hill [Map]. And Ladie Jane (age 18) his wife was immediatlie after his death beheaded within the Tower upon the greene [Map].
Henry Machyn's Diary. 12th February 1555. [Probably 7th February 1555]. The xij day of Feybruary was my lord Strange (age 23) mared to the lade of Cumberland (age 15) the yerle of Cumberland (age 38) doyctur [daughter]; and after a grett dener, and justes, and after tornay on horsbake with swordes, and after soper Jube the cane, a play, [Juego de Canas, or tilting with canes, a sport introduced by the Spaniards] with torch-lyght and cressettlyghtes, lx cressets and C. of torchys, and a maske, and a bankett.
Note. P. 82. Marriage of lord Strange. The date of this was Feb. 7th, not the 12th. "The vij. of February the lord Strange being maried at the court, the same day at night was a goodly pastime of Juga cana by cresset lyght; there were lxx. cresset lightes." Stowe's Summarie, 1566.
Note. Pp. 76, 82, 83. Juego de cannas. This sport, which the Spanish cavaliers brought with them from their native country, was long a favourite there. When Lord Berners was ambassador in Spain in 1518, "on midsummer daye in the morninge the king, with xxiij with him, well apparelled in cootes and clokes of goulde and gouldsmythe work, on horsback, in the said market-place (at Saragossa), ranne and caste canes after the countreye maner, whearas the kinge did very well (and was) much praysed; a fresh sight for once or twise to behold, and afterward nothing. Assoone as the cane is caste, they flye; wherof the Frenche ambassador sayd, that it was a good game to teche men to flye. My lord Barners answered, that the Frenchmen learned it well besides Gingate, at the jurney of Spurres." (Letter from the ambassador in MS. Cotton. Vesp. C. i. 177.) It continued in practice when Charles prince of Wales visited Spain in 1623, and a pamphlet entitled, "A relation of the Royal Festivities and Juego de Canas, a turnament of darting with reedes after the manner of Spaine, made by the king of Spaine at Madrid, the 21st of August this present yeere 1623," is reprinted in Somers's Tracts and in Nichols's Progresses of King James I. vol. iv.—"The Juego de Cannas," remarks Sir Walter Scott, "was borrowed from the Moors, and is still practised by Eastern nations, under the name of El Djerid. It is a sort of rehearsal of the encounter of their light horsemen, armed with darts, as the Tourney represented the charge of the feudal cavaliers with their lances. In both cases, the differences between sport and reality only consisted in the weapons being sharp or pointless."
"So had he seen in fair Castile
The youth in glittering squadrons start,
Sudden the flying jennet wheel,
And hurl the unexpected dart."
(Scott's Lay of the Last Minstrel.)
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. Apud Edinburgh, xii die mensis Februari, anno, etc. lxvi. [12th February 1567]
Offer of reward to ony that will reveill the Kingis murther.
Forsamekill as it is nocht unknawin, how that upoun the tent day of Februare instant, at twa houris eftir midnycht, the hous quhair umquhile the Kingis Grace wes ludgeit wes in ane instant blawin in the air, he slepand in his bed for the tyme, with sic a force and vehemency that of the haill ludgeing walles and uther thair is na thing left unruinated, and doung in drosse to the verie ground stane; and nocht lang thaireftir the bodiis of his Grace and of a servand fund deid within schort space to the same ludgeing, besydes sum utheris that throw the rewyne of the hous wer oppressit, and sum at Goddis plesour preservit. Quhilk horrible and mischevious deid, as Almychty God will nevir suffer it to ly hid, sa or it sould remane untryit, the Quenis Majestie, oure Soverane, quhome unto of all utheris levand the caise is maist grevous, had rather losse lyff and all; and the nobilitie and Counsall likewyise will leif na thing possibille undone quhairthrow the authouris of sa ungodlie and strange ane interpryise may be revelit and regorouslie puneist, as the offence justlie dois requeir. Quhairfoir hir Majestie, with avyise of hir Secreit Counsall, hes statute, ordanit, and decreed, that quhasaevir will first reveill the personis devysaris counsalouris or actuall committaris of the said mischevious and tressonabill murthour, to the effect that thai may be dewlie puneist thairfoir—the first revelar, as said is, althoch he be ane culpabill and participant of the same cryme—sal haif fre pardoun and remit, quhairunto this present Act and ordinance salbe sufficient warrand to him; and besydis that, salbe honestlie rewardit and recompansit to the lestand weill of him and his posteritie; at leist sal haif twa thowsand pundis money, and be provydit of ane honest yeirlie rent at the sycht of hir Majestie and hir Counsall; and ordanis Lyoun King of Armes, his brethir herauldis and maseris, and all utheris officiaris, to mak publicatioun heirof be oppin proclamatioun at the marcat croce of Edinburgh, and all utheris places neidfull.
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On 12th February 1578 Catherine of Austria Queen Consort Portugal (age 71) died.
On 14th June 1595 Godfrey Foljambe (age 36) died at Bedale. On 12th February 1623 Isabel Wray Baroness Darcy died. Monument in St Mary and All Saints Church, Chesterfield [Map] to Godfrey Foljambe and Isabel Wray Baroness Darcy.
Godfrey Foljambe: Godfrey Foljambe and Isabel Wray Baroness Darcy were married. On 21st November 1558 he was born to Godfrey Foljambe and Troth Tyrwhitt at Walton, Derbyshire [Map].
Isabel Wray Baroness Darcy: she was born to Christopher Wray and Anne Girlington. After 14th June 1595 William Bowes and she were married. On 7th May 1617 John Darcy 3rd Baron Darcy Aston and she were married. She by marriage Baroness Darcy of Aston.
Memoirs of Jean Francois Paul de Gondi Cardinal de Retz Book 1. On the 12th of February a herald came with two trumpeters from the Court to one of the city gates, bringing three packets of letters, one for the Parliament, one for the Prince de Conti (age 19), and the third for the Hotel de Ville. It was but the night before that a person was caught in the halls dropping libels against the Parliament and me; upon which the Parliament, Princes, and city supposed that this State visit was nothing but an amusement of Cardinal Mazarin to cover a worse design, and therefore resolved not to receive the message nor give the herald audience, but to send the King's (age 10) Council to the Queen (age 10) to represent to her that their refusal was out of pure obedience and respect, because heralds are never sent but to sovereign Princes or public enemies, and that the Parliament, the Prince de Conti, and the city were neither the one nor the other. At the same time the Chevalier de Lavalette, who distributed the libels, had formed a design to kill me and M. de Beaufort (age 33) upon the Parliament stairs in the great crowd which they expected would attend the appearance of the herald. The Court, indeed, always denied his having any other commission than to drop the libels, but I am certain that the Bishop of Dole told the Bishop of Aire, but a night or two before, that Beaufort and I should not be among the living three days hence.
The King's councillors returned with a report how kindly they had been received at Saint Germain. They said the Queen highly approved of the reasons offered by the Parliament for refusing entrance to the herald, and that she had assured them that, though she could not side with the Parliament in the present state of affairs, yet she received with joy the assurances they had given her of their respect and submission, and that she would distinguish them in general and in particular by special marks of her good-will. Talon, Attorney-General, who always spoke with dignity and force, embellished this answer of the Queen with all the ornaments he could give it, assuring the Parliament in very pathetic terms that, if they should be pleased to send a deputation to Saint Germain, it would be very kindly received, and might, perhaps, be a great step towards a peace.
When I saw that we were besieged, that the Cardinal had sent a person into Flanders to treat with the Spaniards, and that our party was now so well formed that there was no danger that I alone should be charged with courting the alliance of the enemies of the State, I hesitated no longer, but judged that, as affairs stood, I might with honour hear what proposals the Spaniards would make to me for the relief of Paris; but I took care not to have my name mentioned, and that the first overtures should be made to M. d'Elbeuf, who was the fittest person, because during the ministry of Cardinal de Richelieu he was twelve or fifteen years in Flanders a pensioner of Spain. Accordingly Arnolfi, a Bernardin friar, was sent from the Archduke Leopold, Governor of the Spanish Netherlands for the King of Spain, to the Duc d'Elbeuf, who, upon sight of his credentials, thought himself the most considerable man of the party, invited most of us to dinner, and told us he had a very important matter to lay before us, but that such was his tenderness for the French name that he could not open so much as a small letter from a suspected quarter, which, after some scrupulous and mysterious circumlocutions, he ventured to name, and we agreed one and all not to refuse the succours from Spain, but the great difficulty was, which way to get them. Fuensaldagne, the general, was inclined to join us if he could have been sure that we would engage with him; but as there was no possibility of the Parliaments treating with him, nor any dependence to be placed upon the generals, some of whom were wavering and whimsical, Madame de Bouillon pressed me not to hesitate any longer, but to join with her husband, adding that if he and I united, we should so far overmatch the others that it would not be in their power to injure us.
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The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 12th February 1660. Sunday. In the morning, it being Lord's day, Mr. Pierce came to me to enquire how things go. We drank our morning draft together and thence to White Hall, where Dr. Hones preached; but I staid not to hear, but walking in the court, I heard that Sir Arth. Haselrigge (age 59) was newly gone into the City to Monk (age 51), and that Monk's wife (age 40) removed from White Hall last night. Home again, where at noon came according to my invitation my cos. Thos. Pepys (age 49) and his partner and dined with me, but before dinner we went and took a walk round the park, it being a most pleasant day as ever I saw. After dinner we three went into London together, where I heard that Monk had been at Paul's in the morning, and the people had shouted much at his coming out of the church.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 12th February 1664. After dinner he and I to Deptford, Kent [Map], walking all the way, where we met Sir W. Petty (age 40) and I took him back, and I got him to go with me to his vessel and discourse it over to me, which he did very well, and then walked back together to the waterside at Redriffe [Map], with good discourse all the way.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 12th February 1665. Lord's Day. Up and to church to St. Lawrence to hear Dr. Wilkins (age 50), the great scholar, for curiosity, I having never heard him: but was not satisfied with him at all, only a gentleman sat in the pew I by chance sat in, that sang most excellently, and afterward I found by his face that he had been a Paul's scholler, but know not his name, and I was also well pleased with the church, it being a very fine church.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 12th February 1666. Up, and very busy to perform an oathe in finishing my Journall this morning for 7 or 8 days past. Then to several people attending upon business, among others Mr. Grant (age 45) and the executors of Barlow for the £25 due for the quarter before he died, which I scrupled to pay, being obliged but to pay every half year. Then comes Mr. Caesar, my boy's lute-master, whom I have not seen since the plague before, but he hath been in Westminster all this while very well; and tells me in the height of it, how bold people there were, to go in sport to one another's burials; and in spite too, ill people would breathe in the faces (out of their windows) of well people going by. Then to dinner before the 'Change [Map], and so to the 'Change [Map], and then to the taverne to talk with Sir William Warren, and so by coach to several places, among others to my Lord Treasurer's (age 58), there to meet my Lord Sandwich (age 40), but missed, and met him at [my] Chancellor's (age 56), and there talked with him about his accounts, and then about Sir G. Carteret (age 56), and I find by him that Sir G. Carteret has a worse game to play than my Lord Sandwich, for people are jeering at him, and he cries out of the business of Sir W. Coventry (age 38), who strikes at all and do all.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 12th February 1667. This done, T. Killigrew (age 55) and I to talk: and he tells me how the audience at his house is not above half so much as it used to be before the late fire. That Knipp is like to make the best actor that ever come upon the stage, she understanding so well: that they are going to give her £30 a-year more. That the stage is now by his pains a thousand times better and more glorious than ever heretofore. Now, wax-candles, and many of them; then, not above 3 lbs. of tallow: now, all things civil, no rudeness anywhere; then, as in a bear-garden then, two or three fiddlers; now, nine or ten of the best then, nothing but rushes upon the ground, and every thing else mean; and now, all otherwise: then, the Queen (age 28) seldom and the King (age 36) never would come; now, not the King only for state, but all civil people do think they may come as well as any. He tells me that he hath gone several times, eight or ten times, he tells me, hence to Rome to hear good musique; so much he loves it, though he never did sing or play a note. That he hath ever endeavoured in the late King's time, and in this, to introduce good musique, but he never could do it, there never having been any musique here better than ballads. Nay, says, "Hermitt poore" and "Chevy Chese"1 was all the musique we had; and yet no ordinary fiddlers get so much money as ours do here, which speaks our rudenesse still. That he hath gathered our Italians from several Courts in Christendome, to come to make a concert for the King, which he do give £200 a-year a-piece to: but badly paid, and do come in the room of keeping four ridiculous gundilows2, he having got, the King to put them away, and lay out money this way; and indeed I do commend him for it, for I think it is a very noble undertaking. He do intend to have some times of the year these operas to be performed at the two present theatres, since he is defeated in what he intended in Moorefields [Map] on purpose for it; and he tells me plainly that the City audience was as good as the Court, but now they are most gone. Baptista tells me that Giacomo Charissimi is still alive at Rome, who was master to Vinnecotio, who is one of the Italians that the King hath here, and the chief composer of them.
Note 1. "Like hermit poor in pensive place obscure" is found in "The Phoenix Nest", 1593, and in Harl. MS. No. 6910, written soon after 1596. It was set to music by Alfonso Ferrabosco, and published in his "Ayres", 1609. The song was a favourite with Izaak Walton, and is alluded to in "Hudibras" (Part I, canto ii., line 1169). See Rimbault's "Little Book of Songs and Ballads", 1851, p. 98. Both versions of the famous ballad of "Chevy Chase" are printed in Percy's "Reliques"..
Note 2. The gondolas mentioned before, as sent by the Doge of Venice. See September 12th, 1661.
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Samuel Pepys' Diary. 12th February 1667. By and by with Lord Bruncker (age 47) by coach to his house, there to hear some Italian musique: and here we met Tom Killigrew (age 55), Sir Robert Murray (age 59), and the Italian Signor Baptista, who hath composed a play in Italian for the Opera, which T. Killigrew do intend to have up; and here he did sing one of the acts. He himself is the poet as well as the musician; which is very much, and did sing the whole from the words without any musique prickt, and played all along upon a harpsicon most admirably, and the composition most excellent. The words I did not understand, and so know not how they are fitted, but believe very well, and all in the recitativo very fine. But I perceive there is a proper accent in every country's discourse, and that do reach in their setting of notes to words, which, therefore, cannot be natural to any body else but them; so that I am not so much smitten with it as, it may be, I should be, if I were acquainted with their accent. But the whole composition is certainly most excellent; and the poetry, T. Killigrew and Sir R. Murray, who understood the words, did say was excellent. I confess I was mightily pleased with the musique. He pretends not to voice, though it be good, but not excellent.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 12th February 1667. At noon home to dinner, and then to the office again, and there did much business, and by and by comes Mr. Moore, who in discourse did almost convince me that it is necessary for my Lord Sandwich (age 41) to come home end take his command at sea this year, for that a peace is like to be. Many considerations he did give me hereupon, which were very good both in reference to the publick and his private condition.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 12th February 1667. My great wonder is, how this man do to keep in memory so perfectly the musique of the whole act, both for the voice and the instrument too. I confess I do admire it: but in recitativo the sense much helps him, for there is but one proper way of discoursing and giving the accents. Having done our discourse, we all took coaches, my Lord's and T. Killigrew's (age 55), and to Mrs. Knipp's chamber, where this Italian is to teach her to sing her part. And so we all thither, and there she did sing an Italian song or two very fine, while he played the bass upon a harpsicon there; and exceedingly taken I am with her singing, and believe that she will do miracles at that and acting. Her little girl is mighty pretty and witty. After being there an hour, and I mightily pleased with this evening's work, we all parted, and I took coach and home, where late at my office, and then home to enter my last three days' Journall; and so to supper and to bed, troubled at nothing, but that these pleasures do hinder me in my business, and the more by reason of our being to dine abroad to-morrow, and then Saturday next is appointed to meet again at my Lord Bruncker's (age 47) lodgings, and there to have the whole quire of Italians; but then I do consider that this is all the pleasure I live for in the world, and the greatest I can ever expect in the best of my life, and one thing more, that by hearing this man to-night, and I think Captain Cooke (age 51) to-morrow, and the quire of Italians on Saturday, I shall be truly able to distinguish which of them pleases me truly best, which I do much desire to know and have good reason and fresh occasion of judging.
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The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 12th February 1668. Thence with cozen Roger (age 50) to his lodgings, and there sealed the writings with Jackson (age 28), about my sister's (age 27) marriage: and here my cozen Roger told me the pleasant passage of a fellow's bringing a bag of letters to-day, into the lobby of the House, and left them, and withdrew himself without observation. The bag being opened, the letters were found all of one size, and directed with one hand: a letter to most of the Members of the House. The House was acquainted with it, and voted they should be brought in, and one opened by the Speaker; wherein if he found any thing unfit to communicate, to propose a Committee to be chosen for it. The Speaker opening one, found it only a case with a libell in it, printed: a satire most sober and bitter as ever I read; and every letter was the same. So the House fell a-scrambling for them like boys: and my cozen Roger had one directed to him, which he lent me to read. So away, and took up my wife, and setting Jackson down at Fetter Lane end, I to the Old Exchange [Map] to look Mr. Houblon, but, not finding him, did go home, and there late writing a letter to my Lord Sandwich (age 42), and to give passage to a letter of great moment from Mr. Godolphin (age 33) to him, which I did get speedy passage for by the help of Mr. Houblon, who come late to me, and there directed the letter to Lisbon under cover of his, and here we talked of the times, which look very sad and distracted, and made good mirth at this day's passage in the House, and so parted; and going to the gate with him, I found his lady and another fine lady sitting an hour together, late at night, in their coach, while he was with me, which is so like my wife, that I was mighty taken with it, though troubled for it.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 12th February 1669. Thence to the Treasurer's; and I and Sir J. Minnes (age 69) and Mr. Tippets down to the Lords Commissioners of the Treasury, and there had a hot debate from Sir Thomas Clifford (age 38) and my Lord Ashly (age 47) (the latter of which, I hear, is turning about as fast as he can to the Duke of Buckingham's (age 41) side, being in danger, it seems, of being otherwise out of play, which would not be convenient for him), against Sir W. Coventry (age 41) and Sir J. Duncomb, who did uphold our Office against an accusation of our Treasurers, who told the Lords that they found that we had run the King (age 38) in debt £50,000 or more, more than the money appointed for the year would defray, which they declared like fools, and with design to hurt us, though the thing is in itself ridiculous. But my Lord Ashly and Clifford did most horribly cry out against the want of method in the Office. At last it come that it should be put in writing what they had to object; but I was devilish mad at it, to see us thus wounded by our own members, and so away vexed, and called my wife, and to Hercules Pillars, Tom and I, there dined; and here there coming a Frenchman by with his Shew, we did make him shew it us, which he did just as Lacy (age 54) acts it, which made it mighty pleasant to me. So after dinner we away and to Dancre's (age 44), and there saw our picture of Greenwich, Kent [Map] in doing, which is mighty pretty, and so to White Hall, my wife to Unthank's, and I attended with Lord Brouncker (age 49) the King and Council, about the proposition of balancing Storekeeper's accounts and there presented Hosier's book, and it was mighty well resented and approved of. So the Council being up, we to the Queen's (age 30) side with the King and Duke of York (age 35): and the Duke of York did take me out to talk of our Treasurers, whom he is mighty angry with: and I perceive he is mighty desirous to bring in as many good motions of profit and reformation in the Navy as he can, before the Treasurers do light upon them, they being desirous, it seems, to be thought the great reformers: and the Duke of York do well. But to my great joy he is mighty open to me in every thing; and by this means I know his whole mind, and shall be able to secure myself, if he stands. Here to-night I understand, by my Lord Brouncker, that at last it is concluded on by the King and Buckingham that my Lord of Ormond (age 58) shall not hold his government of Ireland, which is a great stroke, to shew the power of Buckingham and the poor spirit of the King, and little hold that any man can have of him.
On 12th February 1682 Thomas "Tom of Ten Thousand" Thynne (age 34) was shot and killed while riding in his coach along Pall Mall [Map], by three men, Christopher Vratz, John Stern and Charles George Borosky who were believed to be acting for his wife's lover, or pursuer, Swedish Count Karl Johann von Königsmark (age 22). He was buried at Westminster Abbey [Map]. The tomb, sculpted by Arnold Quellin, is decorated in part with a representation of the murder of Thynne in 1682.
John Evelyn's Diary. 12th February 1683. He gave to the Trinity Corporation that land in Deptford [Map] on which are built those almshouses for twenty-four widows of emerited seamen. He was born the famous year of the Gunpowder Treason, in 1605, and being the last [male] of his family, left my wife (age 48), his only daughter, heir. His grandfather, Sir Richard Browne, was the great instrument under the great Earl of Leicester (favorite to Queen Elizabeth) in his government of the Netherland. He was Master of the Household to King James, and Cofferer; I think was the first who regulated the compositions through England for the King's (age 52) household, provisions, progresses,49 etc., which was so high a service, and so grateful to the whole nation, that he had acknowledgments and public thanks sent him from all the counties; he died by the rupture of a vein in a vehement speech he made about the compositions in a Parliament of King James. By his mother's side he was a Gunson, Treasurer of the Navy in the reigns of Henry VIII., Queen Mary, and Queen Elizabeth, and, as by his large pedigree appears, related to divers of the English nobility. Thus ended this honorable person, after so many changes and tossings to and fro, in the same house where he was born. "Lord teach us so to number our days, that we may apply our hearts unto wisdom!".
John Evelyn's Diary. 12th February 1683. By a special clause in his will, he ordered that his body should be buried in the churchyard under the southeast window of the chancel, adjoining to the burying places of his ancestors, since they came out of Essex into Sayes Court [Map], he being much offended at the novel custom of burying everyone within the body of the church and chancel; that being a favour heretofore granted to martyrs and great persons; this excess of making churches charnel houses being of ill and irreverend example, and prejudicial to the health of the living, besides the continual disturbance of the pavement and seats, and several other indecencies. Dr. Hall, the pious Bishop of Norwich, would also be so interred, as may be read in his testament.
John Evelyn's Diary. 12th February 1683. This morning I received the news of the death of my father-in-law, Sir Richard Browne (age 78), Knt. and Bart., who died at my house at Sayes Court [Map] this day at ten in the morning, after he had labored under the gout and dropsy for nearly six months, in the 78th year of his age. The funeral was solemnized on the 19th at Deptford, with as much decency as the dignity of the person, and our relation to him, required; there being invited the Bishop of Rochester (age 58), several noblemen, knights, and all the fraternity of the Trinity House, of which he had been Master, and others of the country. The vicar preached a short but proper discourse on Psalm xxxix. 10, on the frailty of our mortal condition, concluding with an ample and well-deserved eulogy on the defunct, relating to his honorable birth and ancestors, education, learning in Greek and Latin, modern languages, travels, public employments, signal loyalty, character abroad, and particularly the honor of supporting the Church of England in its public worship during its persecution by the late rebels' usurpation and regicide, by the suffrages of divers Bishops, Doctors of the Church, and others, who found such an asylum in his house and family at Paris, that in their disputes with the Papists (then triumphing over it as utterly lost) they used to argue for its visibility and existence from Sir R. Browne's chapel and assembly there. Then he spoke of his great and loyal sufferings during thirteen years' exile with his present Majesty (age 52), his return with him in the signal year 1660; his honorable employment at home, his timely Recess to recollect himself, his great age, infirmities, and death.
John Evelyn's Diary. 12th February 1684. The Earle of Danby (age 51), late Lord Treasurer, together with the Roman Catholic Lords impeach'd of High Treason in the Popish Plot, had now their Habeas Corpus, and came out upon baile, after five yeares imprisonment in the Tower [Map]. Then were also tried and deeply fin'd Mr. Hampden and others for being suppos'd of the late Plot, for which Lord Russell and Col. Sidney suffer'd; as also the person who went about to prove that the Earle of Essex had his throat cut in the Tower by others; likewise Mr. Johnson, the author of that famous piece called Julian.
John Evelyn's Diary. 12th February 1686. My greate cause was heard by my Lord Chancellor (age 40), who granted me a re-hearing. I had 6 eminent lawyers, my antagonists 3, whereof one was the smooth-tong Solicitor, whom my Lord Chancellor reprov'd in greate passion for a very small occasion. Blessed be God for his greate goodnesse to me this day.
On 12th February 1689 Marie Louise Bourbon Queen Consort Spain (age 26) died.
On 12th February 1712 Maria Adelaide Savoy (age 26) died of measles at Versailles.
On 18th February 1712 Louis Bourbon Duke Burgundy (age 29) died of measles contracted when nursing his wife Maria Adelaide Savoy who had died six days previously.
On 8th March 1712, their eldest son, heir to the throne, Louis Bourbon Duke Brittany (age 5) died of measles.
The heir to the French throne their only remaining son Louis (age 1), aged two, great-grandson of the reigning monarch Louis "Sun King" XIV King France (age 73) succeeded his great-grandfather three years later in 1715.
Minutes of the Society of Antiquaries. 12th February 1718. Mr Samuel Gale (age 35) Treasurer is authorized to pay Mr Vertue (age 34) two guineas toward engraving the font of St James church. It is proposed for the second time to engrave RII'd's picture and agreed.
On 12th February 1734 John Newton 3rd Baronet (age 83) died. He was buried at St Michael's Church, Heydour [Map]; his monument sculpted by John Michael Rysbrack (age 39). His son Michael (age 39) succeeded 4th Baronet Newton of Barrs Court. Margaret Coningsby 2nd Countess Coningsby (age 25) by marriage Lady Newton of Barrs Court.
John Newton 3rd Baronet: Around 1651 he was born to John Newton 2nd Baronet and Mary Eyre. Before 9th June 1680 he and Abigail Heveningham were married. On 23rd January 1691 he and Susanna Wharton Lady Newton were married. On 31st August 1699 John Newton 2nd Baronet died. His son John succeeded 3rd Baronet Newton of Barrs Court. Susanna Wharton Lady Newton by marriage Lady Newton of Barrs Court.
On 12th February 1768 Francis Lorraine II Holy Roman Emperor was born to Leopold II Holy Roman Emperor (age 20).
On 12th February 1812 John Warren Cragg (age 24) died.
John Warren Cragg: Around 1788 he was born to John Cragg of Threekingham and Ann Warren.
On 12th February 1820 Edward Augustus Hanover 1st Duke Kent and Strathearn (deceased) was buried at St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle [Map]. Duke Kent and Strathearn extinct.
On 12th February 1824 Jane Fleming Countess Harrington (deceased) was buried at Westminster Abbey [Map].
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The Deeds of King Henry V, or in Latin Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.
Available at Amazon as eBook or Paperback.
On 12th February 1868 James Henry Hamilton-Gordon (age 22) died in a shooting accident. Some sources state he committed suicide. He was buried at Methlick Church, Aberdeenshire.
On 12th February 1892 Harold Lewis Henry Everard ffolkes was drowned whilst attempting to rescue a friend at King's Weir Oxford. Memorial in the Church of St Mary, Hillington [Map].
Harold Lewis Henry Everard ffolkes: he was born to Reverend Henry Edward Browne ffolkes.
On 12th February 1932 Nora Cavendish (age 50) died unmarried sixteen days after her brother Charles (deceased) with whom she shares a memorial at St Cuthbert's Church, Doveridge [Map].
Nora Cavendish: On 27th October 1881 she was born to Henry Anson Cavendish 4th Baron Waterpark and Emily Stenning Baroness Waterpark.
Charles Frederick Cavendish 5th Baron Waterpark: On 11th May 1883 he was born to Henry Anson Cavendish 4th Baron Waterpark and Emily Stenning Baroness Waterpark.
On 12th February 1933 Field Marshal William Robertson 1st Baronet (age 73) died. Memorial at Lincoln Cathedral [Map]. His son Brian (age 36) succeeded 2nd Baronet Robertson of Welbourn in Lincolnshire.
Field Marshal William Robertson 1st Baronet: On 29th January 1860 he was born to Thomas Charles Robertson and Ann Dexter Beet.
Brian Robertson 1st Baron Robertson of Oakridge: On 22nd July 1896 he was born to Field Marshal William Robertson 1st Baronet. On 29th April 1974 he died. His son William succeeded 2nd Baron Robertson of Oakridge in Gloucestershire, 3rd Baronet Robertson of Welbourn in Lincolnshire.
Births on the 12th February
On 12th February 1317 Denis Burgundy was born to Alfonso "Brave" IV King Portugal (age 26) and Beatrice Ivrea Queen Consort Portugal (age 24). Coefficient of inbreeding 3.61%.
On 12th February 1329 Margaret Neville was born to Ralph Neville 2nd Baron Neville of Raby (age 38) and Alice Audley Baroness Greystoke and Neville (age 25).
On 12th February 1371 Elizabeth Mortimer Baroness Camoys was born to Edmund Mortimer 3rd Earl March, Earl of Ulster (age 19) and Philippa Plantagenet Countess March 2nd Countess Ulster (age 15) at Usk, Monmouthshire [Map]. She a great granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
On 12th February 1438 Adolf Egmont 2nd Duke Guelders was born to Arnold Egmont Duke Guelders (age 27) and Catherine La Marck (age 20) at Grave.
On 12th February 1599 Friedrich Wettin Duke Saxe Altenburg was born to Friedrich Wilhelm Wettin I Duke Saxe Weimar (age 36) and Anna Maria Countess Palatine of Neuburg (age 23).
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The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 12th February 1603 Friedrich Wilhelm Wettin II Duke Saxe Altenburg was born to Friedrich Wilhelm Wettin I Duke Saxe Weimar and Anna Maria Countess Palatine of Neuburg (age 27) at Weimar.
On 12th February 1654 Dorothea Saxe Gotha was born to Ernest "The Pious" Saxe Gotha I Duke Saxe Gotha (age 52) and Elisabeth Sophie Saxe Altenburg Duchess Saxe Gotha (age 34) at Gotha. Coefficient of inbreeding 3.17%.
On 12th February 1703 Euphemia Lockhart Countess Wigtown was born to George Lockhart (age 30) and Euphemia Montgomerie.
On 12th February 1712 Felton Hervey was born to John Hervey 1st Earl Bristol (age 46) and (age 35).
On 12th February 1742 Alan Gardner 1st Baron Gardner was born at Manor House Uttoxeter, Staffordshire.
On 12th February 1743 Francis Ingram Seymour-Conway 2nd Marquess Hertford was born to Francis Seymour-Conway 1st Marquess Hertford (age 24) and Isabella Fitzroy Countess Hertford (age 16). He a great x 2 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
On 12th February 1744 James Drummond 11th Earl Perth was born.
On 12th February 1766 Archbishop William Howley was born at Ropley, Hampshire.
On 12th February 1768 Francis Lorraine II Holy Roman Emperor was born to Leopold II Holy Roman Emperor (age 20).
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The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 12th February 1780 Arthur John Henry Somerset was born to Henry Somerset 5th Duke Beaufort (age 35) and Elizabeth Boscawen Duchess Beaufort (age 32).
On 12th February 1783 Reverend Houlton Hartwell was born to Francis Hartwell 1st Baronet (age 25) and Anna-Charlotta-Maria.
On 12th February 1789 Charlotte Legge was born to George Legge 3rd Earl Dartmouth (age 33) and Frances Finch Countess Dartmouth (age 28).
On 12th February 1793 Frederic Bertie was born to Willoughby Bertie 4th Earl of Abingdon (age 53) and Charlotte Warren.
On 12th February 1816 John Arthur Fane was born to John Fane 11th Earl of Westmoreland (age 32) and Priscilla Anne Wellesley-Pole Countess of Westmoreland (age 22).
On 12th February 1826 Edward Dolman Scott 6th and 5th Baronet was born to Edward Dolman Scott 2nd Baronet (age 32) and Catherine Juliana Bateman Lady Scott (age 29).
On 12th February 1841 Windham Wyndham-Quin 4th Earl of Dunraven and Mount Earl was born to Edwin Wyndham-Quin 3rd Earl of Dunraven and Mount Earl (age 28).
On 12th February 1846 Emily Stenning Baroness Waterpark was born.
On 12th February 1847 George Sidney Meade Thomas 6th Baronet was born to William Sidney Thomas 5th Baronet (age 40).
On 12th February 1852 Frederick D'Abernon Vincent 15th Baronet was born to Frederick Vincent 11th Baronet (age 54) and Maria Copley Young (age 31).
On 12th February 1857 Peyton d'Estoteville Skipwith 10th Baronet was born to Thomas George Skipwith 9th Baronet (age 54).
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The Deeds of King Henry V, or in Latin Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.
Available at Amazon as eBook or Paperback.
On 12th February 1863 Rowland Richard Clegg-Hill 4th Viscount Hill was born to Rowland Hill aka Clegg-Hill 3rd Viscount Hill (age 29) and Mary Madax (age 33).
On 12th February 1874 Charles Petty-Fitzmaurice was born to Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice 5th Marquess Lansdowne (age 29) and Maud Evelyn Hamilton Marchioness Lansdowne (age 24).
On 12th February 1875 Victoria Alexandra Percy was born to Henry George Percy 7th Duke Northumberland (age 28) and Edith Campbell Duchess Northumberland (age 25).
On 12th February 1876 Edith Hepburn-Stuart-Forbes-Trefusis was born to Charles Hepburn-Stuart-Forbes-Trefusis 20th Baron Clinton (age 41) and Margaret Walrond Baroness Clinton (age 26).
On 12th February 1878 Mordaunt Leckonby Cope 16th Baronet was born to Anthony Cope 13th Baronet (age 35).
On 12th February 1891 Victor Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound 5th Countess Minto was born to Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound 4th Earl Minto (age 45) and Mary Caroline Grey Countess Minto (age 33).
On 12th February 1900 Robert Boothby 1st Baron Boothby was born to Robert Tuite Boothby (age 28).
On 12th February 1910 Mary Lygon was born to William Lygon 7th Earl Beauchamp (age 37) and Lettice Mary Elizabeth Grosvenor Countess Beauchamp (age 33).
On 12th February 1910 Richard Yarde-Buller 4th Baron Churston was born to John Yarde-Buller 3rd Baron Churston (age 36) and Jessie Smither aka Denise Orme Duchess Leinster (age 24).
On 12th February 1911 Lettice Mildred Ashley-Cooper was born to Anthony Ashley-Cooper 9th Earl of Shaftesbury (age 41) and Constance Grosvenor Countess of Shaftesbury (age 35).
On 12th February 1976 George Edward Laurence Villiers 8th Earl Clarendon was born to George Frederick Laurence Hyde Villiers 7th Earl Clarendon (age 43).
Marriages on the 12th February
On 12th February 1352 Charles "Bad" II King Navarre (age 19) and Joan Valois Queen Consort Navarre (age 8) were married at Chateau du Vivie, Coutevroult. She by marriage Queen Consort Navarre. She the daughter of King John "The Good" II of France (age 32) and Bonne Luxemburg Queen Consort France. He the son of Philip "Noble" III King Navarre and Joan Capet II Queen Navarre. They were second cousins. He a great x 3 grandson of King Henry III of England. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.
On 12th February 1424 King James I of Scotland (age 29) and Joan Beaufort Queen Consort Scotland (age 20) were married at Southwark Cathedral [Map]. She by marriage Queen Consort Scotland. She the daughter of John Beaufort 1st Marquess Somerset and Dorset and Margaret Holland Duchess Clarence (age 39). He the son of King Robert III of Scotland and Annabella Drummond Queen Consort Scotland. They were half fourth cousin twice removed. He a great x 5 grandson of King John of England. She a great granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
On 12th February 1449 Sigismund Habsburg 4th Duke Austria (age 21) and Eleanor Stewart Duchess Austria (age 16) were married at Merano. She by marriage Duchess Austria. She the daughter of King James I of Scotland and Joan Beaufort Queen Consort Scotland. He the son of Frederick "Empty Pockets" Habsburg 4th Duke Austria and Anna of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel Duchess Austria.
On 12th February 1615 William Cecil 16th Baron Ros Helmsley (age 24) and Anne Lake Baroness Ros of Helmsley (age 15) were married. She by marriage Baroness Ros Helmsley. See Diary of Anne Clifford. He the son of William Cecil 2nd Earl Exeter (age 49) and Elizabeth Manners 15th Baroness Ros of Helmsley.
On 12th February 1655 Charles Paulet 1st Duke Bolton (age 25) and Mary Scrope 6th Marchioness Winchester were married. She the illegitmate daughter of Emanuel Scrope 1st Earl of Sunderland and Martha Jeanes. He the son of John Paulet 5th Marquess Winchester (age 57) and Jane Savage Marchioness Winchester. They were fourth cousin once removed.
On 12th February 1655 Henry Carey and Mary Scrope 6th Marchioness Winchester were married at St Dionis Backchurch. She the illegitmate daughter of Emanuel Scrope 1st Earl of Sunderland and Martha Jeanes. He the son of Henry Carey 2nd Earl Monmouth (age 59) and Martha Cranfield Countess Monmouth (age 54). They were second cousins.
All About History Books
The Deeds of King Henry V, or in Latin Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.
Available at Amazon as eBook or Paperback.
On 12th February 1667 Christopher Hatton 1st Viscount Hatton (age 35) and Cicely Tufton Viscountess Hatton (age 18) were married. She by marriage Viscountess Hatton. She the daughter of John Tufton 2nd Earl of Thanet and Margaret Sackville Countess Isle Thanet (age 52). They were sixth cousins.
On 12th February 1684 Thomas Stayner (age 19) and Dorothy Basse (age 21) were married at Temple Church, London [Map].
On 12th February 1709 James Cecil 5th Earl Salisbury (age 17) and Anne Tufton Countess of Salisbury were married. She the daughter of Thomas Tufton 6th Earl of Thanet (age 64) and Catherine Cavendish Countess Isle Thanet (age 44). He the son of James Cecil 4th Earl Salisbury and Frances Bennett Countess of Salisbury (age 38). They were fourth cousins.
On 12th February 1829 Henry Valentine Stafford-Jerningham 9th Baron Stafford (age 27) and Julia Howard were married. They were fifth cousin once removed. He a great x 4 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
On 12th February 1881 William Lehman Ashmead-Bartlett Baron Burdett-Coutts (age 30) and Angela Burdett-Coutts 1st Baroness Burdett-Coutts (age 66) were married. He by marriage Baron Burdett-Coutts of Highgate and Brookfield in Middlesex. There were no children from the marriage. Because of her husband's American birth a clause in her step-grandmother's will forbidding her heir to marry a foreign national was invoked and Burdett-Coutts forfeited three-fifths of her income to her sister Clara Burdett (age 75). The difference in their ages was 36 years; she, unusually, being older than him.
On 12th February 1890 Montague Peregrine Albemarle Bertie 12th Earl Lindsey (age 28) and Millicent Cox Countess Lindsey (age 27) were married. He the son of Montague Peregrine Bertie 11th Earl Lindsey (age 74) and Felicia Elizabetha Welby Countess Lindsey (age 55).
On 12th February 1896 William Gervase Beckett 1st Baronet (age 30) and Mabel Theresa Duncombe (age 17) were married. They were first cousin once removed.
On 12th February 1901 Charles Henry Wellesley Wilson 2nd Baron Nunburnholme (age 26) and Marjorie Cecilia Wynn-Carington Baroness Willoughby of Parham (age 21) were married. She the daughter of Charles Robert Wynn-Carington 1st Marquess of Lincolnshire (age 57) and Cecilia Margaret Harbord Marchioness (age 44).
On 12th February 1908 Reginald Brabazon 13th Earl of Meath (age 38) and Aileen Wyndham-Quin (age 34) were married at the Royal Military Chapel, Wellington Barracks. She the daughter of Windham Wyndham-Quin 4th Earl of Dunraven and Mount Earl (age 67) and Florence Kerr Countess of Dunraven and Mount Earl (age 66). He the son of Reginald Brabazon 12th Earl of Meath (age 66) and Mary Jane Maitland Countess Meath (age 60).
Deaths on the 12th February
On 12th February 941 Archbishop Wulfhelm died.
On 12th February 1218 Alice Courtenay Countess Angoulême died.
On 12th February 1218 Adelaide Guelders Countess Holland died.
On 12th February 1233 Ermengarde Beaumont Sarthe Queen Consort Scotland (age 63) died. She was buried at Balmerino Abbey. Her brother Raoul (age 61) succeeded I Viscount of Beaumont le Vicomte.
On 12th February 1242 Henry VII King Germany (age 31) died. His half brother Conrad (age 13) succeeded King Germany.
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The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 12th February 1247 Erminsende Namur Countess of Bar (age 60) died. Her son Henry (age 31) succeeded V Count Luxemburg, III Count Namur.
On 12th February 1266 Bishop Walter de Cantelupe (age 75) died.
On 12th February 1280 Bishop Nicholas Ely died.
On 12th February 1429 John Fastolf (age 49) was at Rouvray leading a supply train of some 300 carts of crossbows, cannons, etc and also barrels of herrings to Orléans. A force of 400 strong Scottish cavalry led by Charles Bourbon I Duke Bourbon (age 28) and John Stewart of Darnley 1st Count Évreux (age 49) attacked the supply train and were destroyed by English archers protected by supply wagons. John Stewart of Darnley 1st Count Évreux was killed. He was buried at Orléans Cathedral.
On 12th February 1479 Eleanor Trastámara Queen Consort Navarre (age 53) died.
On 12th February 1517 Catherine Grailly I Queen Navarre (age 49) died. Her son Henry (age 13) succeeded II King Navarre.
On 12th February 1554 Guildford Dudley (age 19) was beheaded at Tower Hill [Map]. An hour later his wife Lady Jane Grey (age 18) was beheaded at Tower Green [Map] by order of Queen Mary I (age 37). They were buried at St Peter ad Vincula Church, Tower of London [Map].
On 12th February 1578 Catherine of Austria Queen Consort Portugal (age 71) died.
On 14th June 1595 Godfrey Foljambe (age 36) died at Bedale. On 12th February 1623 Isabel Wray Baroness Darcy died. Monument in St Mary and All Saints Church, Chesterfield [Map] to Godfrey Foljambe and Isabel Wray Baroness Darcy.
Godfrey Foljambe: Godfrey Foljambe and Isabel Wray Baroness Darcy were married. On 21st November 1558 he was born to Godfrey Foljambe and Troth Tyrwhitt at Walton, Derbyshire [Map].
Isabel Wray Baroness Darcy: she was born to Christopher Wray and Anne Girlington. After 14th June 1595 William Bowes and she were married. On 7th May 1617 John Darcy 3rd Baron Darcy Aston and she were married. She by marriage Baroness Darcy of Aston.
On 12th February 1666 Mildmay Fane 2nd Earl of Westmoreland (age 64) died. His son Charles (age 31) succeeded 3rd Earl of Westmoreland, 6th Baron Despencer, 3rd Baron Burghesh in Suffolk.
On 12th February 1682 Thomas "Tom of Ten Thousand" Thynne (age 34) was shot and killed while riding in his coach along Pall Mall [Map], by three men, Christopher Vratz, John Stern and Charles George Borosky who were believed to be acting for his wife's lover, or pursuer, Swedish Count Karl Johann von Königsmark (age 22). He was buried at Westminster Abbey [Map]. The tomb, sculpted by Arnold Quellin, is decorated in part with a representation of the murder of Thynne in 1682.
On 12th February 1683 Richard Browne 1st Baronet (age 78) died at Charlton, Kent. He was buried at St. Baronet Browne of Deptford in Kent extinct.
On 12th February 1689 Marie Louise Bourbon Queen Consort Spain (age 26) died.
On 12th February 1703 Oliver Style 3rd Baronet (age 24) died. His half brother Thomas (age 18) succeeded 4th Baronet Style of Wateringbury in Kent.
All About History Books
The Deeds of King Henry V, or in Latin Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.
Available at Amazon as eBook or Paperback.
On 12th February 1707 Bishop Nicholas Stratford (age 74) died.
On 12th February 1711 Edward Barkham 3rd Baronet died without issue. Baronet Barkham Waynflete extinct.
On 12th February 1712 Maria Adelaide Savoy (age 26) died of measles at Versailles.
On 18th February 1712 Louis Bourbon Duke Burgundy (age 29) died of measles contracted when nursing his wife Maria Adelaide Savoy who had died six days previously.
On 8th March 1712, their eldest son, heir to the throne, Louis Bourbon Duke Brittany (age 5) died of measles.
The heir to the French throne their only remaining son Louis (age 1), aged two, great-grandson of the reigning monarch Louis "Sun King" XIV King France (age 73) succeeded his great-grandfather three years later in 1715.
On 12th February 1733 Henry Bunbury 3rd Baronet (age 56) died. His son Charles (age 25) succeeded 4th Baronet Bunbury of Bunbury in Oxfordshire and Stanney Hall in Cheshire.
On 12th February 1734 John Newton 3rd Baronet (age 83) died. He was buried at St Michael's Church, Heydour [Map]; his monument sculpted by John Michael Rysbrack (age 39). His son Michael (age 39) succeeded 4th Baronet Newton of Barrs Court. Margaret Coningsby 2nd Countess Coningsby (age 25) by marriage Lady Newton of Barrs Court.
John Newton 3rd Baronet: Around 1651 he was born to John Newton 2nd Baronet and Mary Eyre. Before 9th June 1680 he and Abigail Heveningham were married. On 23rd January 1691 he and Susanna Wharton Lady Newton were married. On 31st August 1699 John Newton 2nd Baronet died. His son John succeeded 3rd Baronet Newton of Barrs Court. Susanna Wharton Lady Newton by marriage Lady Newton of Barrs Court.
On 12th February 1781 John Hope 2nd Earl Hopetoun (age 76) died. His son James (age 39) succeeded 3rd Earl Hopetoun.
On 12th February 1785 Mary Tufton Countess Gower died.
On 12th February 1799 George Augustus Clavering-Cowper 4th Earl Cowper (age 22) died. His brother Peter (age 20) succeeded 5th Earl Cowper.
On 12th February 1835 Edward Bligh 5th Earl Darnley (age 39) died. His son John (age 7) succeeded 6th Earl Darnley, 15th Baron Clifton of Leighton Bromswold in Huntingdonshire. Harriet Mary Pelham Countess Darnley (age 6) by marriage Countess Darnley.
On 12th February 1841 Astley Paston Cooper 1st Baronet (age 72) died at around 1pm at his house on Conduit Street. He was interred in the crypt of the Chapel of Thomas Guy, St Thomas Street (on the site now shared by King's College London and Guy's Hospital). His nephew Astley (age 43) succeeded 2nd Baronet Cooper of Gadesbridge in Hertfordshire.
On 12th February 1856 William Bagot 2nd Baron Bagot (age 82) died. His son William (age 44) succeeded 3rd Baron Bagot of Bagot's Bromley in Staffordshire, 8th Baronet Bagot of Blithfield Hall. Lucia Caroline Elizabeth Agar-Ellis Baroness Bagot by marriage Baroness Bagot of Bagot's Bromley in Staffordshire.
On 12th February 1865 Algernon Percy 4th Duke Northumberland (age 72) died without issue. His first cousin George (age 86) succeeded 5th Duke Northumberland, 8th Baronet Smithson of Stanwick in Yorkshire. His great nephew John (age 24) succeeded 6th Baron Percy. Baron Lovain extinct.
On 12th February 1867 William Mordaunt Edward Milner 5th Baronet (age 46) died. His son William (age 18) succeeded 6th Baronet Milner of Nun Appleton Hall in Yorkshire.
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The Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough, a canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: "In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed." Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 12th February 1880 Georgiana Lygon Countess Longford (age 82) died.
On 12th February 1886 Catherine Herbert Countess Dunmore (age 71) died.
On 12th February 1900 Emily Chapman Countess Asburnham died.
On 12th February 1902 Frederick Temple Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood 1st Marquess of Dufferin and Ava (age 75) died. His son Terence (age 35) succeeded 2nd Marquess of Dufferin and Ava, 2nd Earl of Ava in County Down and Burma, 2nd Earl of Dufferin in County Down, 2nd Viscount Dufferin of Claneboye in County Down, 2nd Baron Claneboye of Claneboye in County Down, 6th Baron Dufferin and Claneboye of Ballyleidy and Killyleagh in County Down, 6th Baronet Blackwood of Killyleagh in County Down.
On 12th February 1926 Frederick Arundell de la Pole 11th Baronet (age 65) died. His fifth cousin John (age 23) succeeded 12th Baronet Pole of Shute House in Devon.
On 12th February 1930 Lucy Ada Jervis Baroness Harris died.
On 12th February 1932 Nora Cavendish (age 50) died unmarried sixteen days after her brother Charles (deceased) with whom she shares a memorial at St Cuthbert's Church, Doveridge [Map].
Nora Cavendish: On 27th October 1881 she was born to Henry Anson Cavendish 4th Baron Waterpark and Emily Stenning Baroness Waterpark.
Charles Frederick Cavendish 5th Baron Waterpark: On 11th May 1883 he was born to Henry Anson Cavendish 4th Baron Waterpark and Emily Stenning Baroness Waterpark.
On 12th February 1933 Field Marshal William Robertson 1st Baronet (age 73) died. Memorial at Lincoln Cathedral [Map]. His son Brian (age 36) succeeded 2nd Baronet Robertson of Welbourn in Lincolnshire.
Field Marshal William Robertson 1st Baronet: On 29th January 1860 he was born to Thomas Charles Robertson and Ann Dexter Beet.
Brian Robertson 1st Baron Robertson of Oakridge: On 22nd July 1896 he was born to Field Marshal William Robertson 1st Baronet. On 29th April 1974 he died. His son William succeeded 2nd Baron Robertson of Oakridge in Gloucestershire, 3rd Baronet Robertson of Welbourn in Lincolnshire.
On 12th February 1942 Grant Wood (age 50) died.
On 12th February 1945 John Evelyn Gladstone 4th Baronet (age 89) died without male issue. His first cousin once removed Albert (age 58) succeeded 5th Baronet Gladstone of Fasque and Balfour in Kincardineshire.
On 12th February 1953 Frederick John Gerard 3rd Baron Gerard (age 69) died. His son Robert (age 34) succeeded 4th Baron Gerard of Bryn in Lancashire, 16th Baronet Gerard of Bryn in Lancashire.
On 12th February 1962 Lister Lister-Kaye 6th Baronet (age 88) died. His son John (age 48) succeeded 7th Baronet Lister-Kaye of Grange in Yorkshire.
On 12th February 1969 Cyril Henley Cunliffe 8th Baronet (age 67) died. His son David (age 11) succeeded 9th Baronet Cunliffe of Liverpool in Lancaster.
On 12th February 1990 Henry Seymour Neville 9th Baron Braybrooke (age 93) died. His son Robin (age 58) succeeded 10th Baron Braybrooke of Braybrooke in Northamptonshire.
On 12th February 2010 Suzanne Marie Fesq Duchess St Albans (age 88) died.
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The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 12th February 2011 John Monson 11th Baron Monson (age 78) died. His son Nicholas (age 55) succeeded 12th Baron Monson of Burton in Lincolnshire, 16th Baronet Monson of Carleton in Lincolnshire.
On 12th February 2012 Adrian Gerald Foley 8th Baron Foley (age 88) died. His son Thomas (age 50) succeeded 9th Baron Foley of Kidderminster in Worcestershire.
On 12th February 2021 John Palmer 4th Earl of Selborne (age 80) died. His son William (age 50) succeeded 5th Earl Selborne, 5th Viscount Wolmer of Blackmoor in Hampshire.