The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy
The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.
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18 Jun is in June.
1525 Knighting of Henry Fitzroy
1528 Sweating Sickness Outbreak
1660 June Creation of Baronets
1661 Creation of Baronets and Peerages by Charles II Post Coronation
On 18th June 1250 Theresa of Portugal Queen Consort Leon (age 74) died.
On 18th June 1269 Eleanor Plantagenet was born to King Edward I of England (age 30) and Eleanor of Castile Queen Consort England (age 28) at Windsor Castle [Map]. She married 20th September 1293 her fourth cousin once removed Henry of Bar III Count of Bar, son of Theobald of Bar II Count of Bar and Jeanne Toucy Countess Bar, and had issue.
On 18th June 1291 Alfonso III King Aragon (age 25) died. His brother James (age 24) succeeded II King Aragon.
On 18th June 1318 Eleanor of Woodstock Plantagenet was born to King Edward II of England (age 34) and Isabella of France Queen Consort England (age 23) at Woodstock Palace, Oxfordshire [Map]. She was named for her paternal grandmother Eleanor of Castile. Coefficient of inbreeding 2.17%. She married May 1332 her second cousin once removed Reginald "Black" I Duke Guelders, son of Reginald I Count Guelders and Margaret Dampierre Countess Guelders, and had issue.
On 18th June 1318 Philip "Noble" III King Navarre (age 12) and Joan Capet II Queen Navarre (age 6) were married. She the daughter of Louis X King France I Navarre and Margaret of Burgundy Queen Consort France. He the son of Louis I Count Évreux (age 42) and Margaret Artois Countess Évreux. They were half first cousin once removed. He a great x 2 grandson of King Henry III of England. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.
Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough. In this year, on the 14th day before the Kalends of July [18th June 1333], Edward, King of Scotland, at Newcastle in the house of the Friars Preachers, rendered and swore homage and fealty to King Edward of England for the whole kingdom of Scotland and the islands adjacent to Scotland1. Because of this homage, the common people of Scotland rose up against both kings, seizing many who adhered to them and killing some. Therefore, the King of Scotland withdrew into England and stayed for a time at Ranesholm.
Hoc anno, XIV kalendas Julii, Edwardus rex Scotiæ apud Novum Castrum in domo fratrum Prædicatorum fecit et juravit homagium et fidelitatem regi Angliæ Edwardo pro toto regno Scotia et insulis Scotiæ adjacentibus. Occasione cujus homagii communitas Scotia contra utrumque regem insurrexit, et plures eis adhærentes cepit, et aliquos occidit. Unde rex Scotiæ ad Angliam se transferens apud Ranesholm pro tempore moram traxit,...
Note 1. In this statement Guisborough is supported by Walsingham and Adam of Muremouth, but I cannot discover any public record of homage performed at this time. We learn from a roll in the Court of the Receipt of the Treasury of the Exchequer (Rymer, Fœdera, 2.876), that Baliol acknowledged his homage to King Edward by letters-patent, dated at Edinburgh on the 12th of February, 1334; and at the same time surrendered to England Berwickshire, Roxburghshire, Selkirkshire, Peeblesshire, Dumfriesshire, and Lothian, thus restricting Scotland to the possessions beyond the estuaries of Forth and Clyde.
Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke [-1360]. After this, the Lord Duke of Lancaster,1 having been appointed Captain of Brittany, sailed to Northern France and landed near the coast at Hogue. Around the feast of Saint Barnabas the Apostle [11th June], he rode out with Philip, the brother of the King of Navarre, who had invited the Duke to support him. In that same year, the King of France, having grown suspicious of the King of Navarre (age 23),2 the Lord of Harcourt, and certain other nobles of the realm, invited them to a feast. There, he imprisoned the said King and had the other nobles killed. He proclaimed that the Lord of Harcourt had been justly executed by the axe, or as some said, while wearing the "sack of France" [i.e. a symbol of disgrace]. But in truth, he had not been guilty, and had been treated as a rebel unjustly. Thus, the King of Navarre, held on the island of Cotentin [Normandy], with the help of the Duke of Lancaster, stocked the region with supplies and reinforced it with troops both English and Navarrese, fortifying it against the tyranny of the French.
Post hecdominmus dux Lancastrie, ordinatus captaneus Brittanie, navigio Neustriam profectus, apud Hoggis litora mactus, circa festum sancti Barnabe apostoli equitavit com Philippo germano regis Navarre, qui ipsum ducem in sui auxilium invitavit. Isto nempe anno coronatus Francorum habens suspectos regem Navarrorum et dominum de Harecourt et quosdam alios mobiles de regno, ipsis comviviem invitatis, predictum regem incarceravit et alios nobiles trucidavit, profitendo domino de Harecourt securi feriendo aut, mt dicitur, saccum induto Francie, non tenuit, set rebellis exstitit injuste. Taliter prefato rege in insula de Constantin et Normannia; que cum auxilio ducis Lancastrie sufficienter victualiavit, hominibus tam Anglicis quam sue nacionis referta contra Francorum tirannidem inforciavit.
Note 1. The duke landed at La Hougue on the 18th June 1356. His raid through Normandy extended from the 22nd June to the 13th July.
Knighton 2611 [a poetic reference to Île-de-France], and he captured it by assault on the same day. Then he attacked the castle the same day until nightfall, and on the second and third day until the third hour [around 9 a.m.], and then they surrendered. For he had a powerful and well-equipped siege engine, with which he performed wonders in breaking down the walls of castles.
Note 2. Charles of Navarre and Jean V, comte de Harcourt, were arrested by the king in person at Rouen, when dining at the table of his son Charles, duke of Normandy, and Harcourt was instantly executed; 5th April 1356.
On 18th June 1429 the Battle of Patay was the final engagement of the Loire Campaign of the Hundred Years War. The French forces commanded by Joan of Arc (age 17), Étienne Vignolles "La Hire" and Jean Poton Xaintrailles (age 39) defeated an English force of 5000. The English lost around 2000 men with Thomas Scales 7th Baron Scales (age 32), Thomas Rempston (age 40), and John "Old Talbot" Talbot 1st Earl of Shrewsbury (age 46) being captured. John Fastolf (age 49) fought.
Chronicle of Gregory [1400-1467]. 7th June 1450. And yn the fowarde, as they wolde have folowyde the captayne, was slayn Syr Umfray Stafforde (age 50) and Wylliam Stafford (age 30), squyer, one the mannylste man of alle this realme of Engelonde, whythe many moo othyr of mene personys at Sevenocke [Map], in Kentt, in her oute ragyng fro her oste of our sovereign lordys the kyng, Harry the vj te. And the kyng (age 28) loggyd that nyght at Grenewyche [Map], and son aftyr every lord whythe his retynewe rood home in to her contraye. [Note. The date sometimes given as the 8th June 1450 and 18th June 1850]
On 18th June 1473 Bishop Robert Stillington (age 53) resigned as Lord Chancellor.
On 18th June 1521 Maria of Portugal Duchess Viseu was born to Manuel "Fortunate" I King Portugal (age 52) and Eleanor of Austria Queen Consort France Queen Consort Portugal (age 22). Coefficient of inbreeding 7.55%.
The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy
The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.
Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.
On 18th June 1522 Gilbert Tailboys 1st Baron Tailboys (age 24) and Elizabeth "Bessie" Blount Baroness Clinton and Tailboys (age 24) were married. She the former mistress of King Henry VIII of England and Ireland (age 30) had given birth to Henry's illegitimate son Henry Fitzroy 1st Duke Richmond and Somerset (age 3) in June 1519.
On 18th June 1525 Henry Fitzroy (age 6) was taken by barge to Bridewell Palace [Map] where he was enobled by his father King Henry VIII of England and Ireland (age 33).
In the morning Henry Fitzroy was created 1st Earl Nottingham.
In the afternoon Henry Fitzroy was created 1st Duke of Richmond and Somerset.
Henry Percy 5th Earl of Northumberland (age 47) carried the Sword of State. Thomas More (age 47) read the patents of nobility. Charles Brandon 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 41), Thomas Grey 2nd Marquess Dorset (age 47),
Henry Courtenay (age 29) was created 1st Marquess Exeter. Gertrude Blount Marchioness of Exeter (age 22) by marriage Marchioness Exeter.
Henry Clifford (age 32) was created 1st Earl of Cumberland, Warden of the West Marches and Governor of Carlisle Castle.
Thomas Manners (age 33) was created 1st Earl of Rutland. Eleanor Paston Countess Rutland (age 30) by marriage Countess of Rutland. He was given the Earldom of Rutland to reflect his descent from Anne York Duchess Exeter sister of the previous Earl of Rutland. At the same time his arms 
Manners Arms were augmented with the 
Manners Augmented Arms
Henry Brandon (age 2) was created 1st Earl Lincoln.
Robert Radclyffe (age 42) was created 1st Viscount Fitzwalter.
Thomas Boleyn 1st Earl Wiltshire and Ormonde (age 48) was created 1st Viscount Rochford. Elizabeth Howard Countess of Wiltshire and Ormonde (age 45) by marriage Viscountess Rochford.
Thomas Howard 3rd Duke of Norfolk (age 52), William Fitzalan 11th or 18th Earl of Arundel (age 49) and John de Vere 14th Earl of Oxford (age 25) attended.
Around 18th June 1525 Henry Clifford 2nd Earl of Cumberland (age 8) and Eleanor Brandon Countess Cumberland (age 6) were married at Bridewell Palace [Map]. King Henry VIII of England and Ireland (age 33) was present. She the daughter of Charles Brandon 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 41) and Mary Tudor Queen Consort France (age 29). He the son of Henry Clifford 1st Earl of Cumberland (age 32) and Margaret Percy Baroness Clifford (age 25). They were half third cousins. He a great x 5 grandson of King Edward III of England. She a granddaughter of King Henry VII of England and Ireland.
Letters and Papers Foreign and Domestic Henry VIII 1528. 18th June 1528. 4391. On Tuesday one of the ladies of the chamber, Mademoiselle de Boulan (age 27), was infected with the sweat. The King, in great haste, dislodged, and went 12 miles hence, and I hear the lady was sent to her brother (age 51) [Note. A mistake for father] the Viscount in Kent ("Cainet"). As yet the love has not abated. I know not if absence, and the difficulties of Rome, may effect anything. This sweat, which has made its appearance within these four days, is a most perilous disease. One has a little pain in the head and heart; suddenly a sweat begins; and a physician is useless, for whether you wrap yourself up much or little, in four hours, sometimes in two or three, you are despatched without languishing, as in those troublesome fevers. However, only about 2,000 have caught it in London. Yesterday, going to swear the truce, we saw them as thick as flies, rushing from the streets and shops into their houses to take the sweat whenever they felt ill. I found the ambassador of Milan leaving his lodging in great haste because two or three had been suddenly attacked. If all the ambassadors are to have their share of it, you will not have gained your cause; for you will not be able to brag you made me die of hunger, and the King will only have gained nine months of my service for nothing. In London, I assure you the priests have a better time of it than the doctors, except that the latter do not help to bury. If the thing goes on, corn will soon be cheap. It is 12 years since there was such a visitation, when there died 10,000 persons in 10 or 12 days, but it was not so bad as this has begun.The Legate had come for the term, but immediately bridled his horses again, and there will be no term appointed. Every one is terribly amazed.
On 18th June 1538 King James V of Scotland (age 26) and Mary of Guise Queen Consort Scotland (age 22) were married at St Andrew's Cathedral Priory, St Andrew's. She by marriage Queen Consort Scotland. She the daughter of Claude Lorraine 1st Duke Guise (age 41) and Antoinette Bourbon Duchess of Guise (age 45). He the son of King James IV of Scotland and Margaret Tudor Queen Scotland (age 48). They were third cousins. He a grandson of King Henry VII of England and Ireland.
Henry Machyn's Diary. 18th June 1559. The xviij day of June dyd pryche at Powlles crosse [Map] docthur Juell (age 37), and ther was my lord mare (age 50) and the althermen and master comtroller of the quens howse ser Edward Rogers (age 61), and mony mo, boyth men and women.
Henry Machyn's Diary. 18th June 1560. The xviij day of June was sent to the Towre [Map] secr[etary] Boxhalle unto quen Mare, and doctur Borne latt byshope of Bayth, and docthur Trobullfeld latt byshope of Excetur.
Note. P. 238. Secretary Boxall. John Boxall, secretary of state to queen Mary: see notices of him in the Zurich Letters, 1st Series, p. 255.
On 18th June 1603 William Skipwith (age 39) met Anne of Denmark Queen Consort Scotland England and Ireland (age 28) at Worksop Manor, and she and her son Prince Henry (age 9) went on to stay in his house at Leicester on 23rd June 1603, despite fears of plague. Princess Elizabeth (age 6) stayed at the house of Mr Pilkington.
Diary of Anne Clifford. 18th June 1619. The 18th my Lord (age 30) came down from London after supper from the Term.
On 18th June 1633 Walter Butler 11th Earl Ormonde 4th Earl Ossory was buried at St Canice's Cathedral, Kilkenny, County Kilkenny.
In June 1660 King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 30) rewarded those who supported his Restoration...
6th William Wray 1st Baronet (age 35) and John Talbot of Lacock (age 29) were knighted.
7th Geoffrey Palmer 1st Baronet (age 62) was created 1st Baronet Palmer of Carlton in Northampton
7th Orlando Bridgeman 1st Baronet (age 54) was created 1st Baronet Bridgeman of Great Lever in Lancashire.
7th John Langham 1st Baronet (age 76) was created 1st Baronet Langham of Cottesbrooke in Northamptonshire.
11th Henry Wright 1st Baronet (age 23) was created 1st Baronet Wright of Dagenham. Ann Crew Lady Wright by marriage Lady Wright of Dagenham.
13th Nicholas Gould 1st Baronet was created 1st Baronet Gould of the City of London.
14th Thomas Allen 1st Baronet (age 27) was created 1st Baronet Allen of Totteridge in Middlesex.
18th Thomas Cullum 1st Baronet (age 73) was created 1st Baronet Cullum of Hastede in Suffolk.
19th Thomas Darcy 1st Baronet (age 28) was created 1st Baronet Darcy of St Osith's.
22nd Robert Cordell 1st Baronet was created 1st Baronet Cordell of Long Melford.
22nd John Robinson 1st Baronet (age 45) was created 1st Baronet Robinson of London. Anne Whitmore Lady Robinson (age 48) by marriage Lady Robinson of London.
25th William Bowyer 1st Baronet (age 47) was created 1st Baronet Bowyer of Denham Court. Margaret Weld Lady Bowyer (age 43) by marriage Lady Bowyer of Denham Court.
25th Thomas Stanley 1st Baronet (age 63) was created 1st Baronet Stanley of Alderley in Cheshire.
26th Jacob Astley 1st Baronet (age 21) was created 1st Baronet Astley of Hill Morton.
27th William Wray 1st Baronet was created 1st Baronet Wray of Ashby in Lincolnshire. Olympia Tufton Lady Ashby (age 36) by marriage Lady Wray of Ashby in Lincolnshire.
28th Oliver St John 1st Baronet (age 36) was created 1st Baronet St John of Woodford in Northamptonshire.
29th Ralph Delaval 1st Baronet (age 37) was created 1st Baronet Delaval of Seaton in Northumberland. Anne Leslie Lady Delaval by marriage Lady Delaval of Seaton in Northumberland.
30th Andrew Henley 1st Baronet (age 38) was created 1st Baronet Henley of Henley in Somerset.
John Evelyn's Diary. 18th June 1660. I proposed the embassy to Constantinople aka Istanbul, Turkey for Mr. Henshaw (age 42); but my Lord Winchelsea (age 32) struck in.
In June 1661 King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 31) created new Baronetcies and Peerages...
5th June 1661 James Clavering 1st Baronet (age 41) was created 1st Baronet Clavering of Axwell in County Durham.
13th June 1661 Thomas Adams 1st Baronet (age 75) was created 1st Baronet Adams of London.
14th June 1661 Henry Moore 1st Earl Drogheda (age 39) was created 1st Earl Drogheda.
On 17th June 1661...
Godfrey Copley 1st Baronet (age 38) was created 1st Baronet Copley Sprotborough.
Abraham Cullen 1st Baronet (age 37) was created 1st Baronet Cullen of East Sheen in Surrey.
James Rushout 1st Baronet (age 17) was created 1st Baronet Rushout of Northwick Park in Worcestershire aged only seveneteen.
William Stanley 1st Baronet (age 33) was created 1st Baronet Stanley of Hooton in Cheshire. Charlotte Molyneux Lady Stanley by marriage Lady Stanley of Hooton in Cheshire.
Griffith Williams 1st Baronet was created 1st Baronet Williams of Penrhyn in Caernarfonshire.
18th June 1661 Thomas Vyner 1st Baronet (age 72) was created 1st Baronet Vyner of London.
18th June 1661 Henry Winchcombe 1st Baronet (age 18) was created 1st Baronet Winchcombe of Bucklebury in Berkshire.
26th June 1661 Theobald Taaffe 1st Earl Carlingford (age 58) was created 1st Earl Carlingford.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 18th June 1662. That done he and I walked to Lilly's (age 43), the painter's, where we saw among other rare things, the Duchess of York (age 25), her whole body, sitting instate in a chair, in white sattin1, and another of the King (age 32), that is not finished; most rare things. I did give the fellow something that showed them us, and promised to come some other time, and he would show me Baroness Castlemaine's (age 21), which I could not then see, it being locked up!
Note 1. See Portrait by Peter Lely.
Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall
The Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall (Chronicon Anglicanum) is an indispensable medieval history that brings to life centuries of English and European affairs through the eyes of a learned Cistercian monk. Ralph of Coggeshall, abbot of the Abbey of Coggeshall in Essex in the early 13th century, continued and expanded his community’s chronicle, documenting events from the Norman Conquest of 1066 into the tumultuous reign of King Henry III. Blending eyewitness testimony, careful compilation, and the monastic commitment to record-keeping, this chronicle offers a rare narrative of political intrigue, royal power struggles, and social upheaval in England and beyond. Ralph’s work captures the reigns of pivotal figures such as Richard I and King John, providing invaluable insights into their characters, decisions, and the forces that shaped medieval rule. More than a simple annal, Chronicon Anglicanum conveys the texture of medieval life and governance, making it a rich source for scholars and readers fascinated by English history, monastic authorship, and the shaping of the medieval world.
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Samuel Pepys' Diary. 18th June 1662. Thence to Wright's (age 45), the painter's: but, Lord! the difference that is between their two works.
Minutes of the Royal Society. 18th June 1662. 83. Royal Society Meeting Minutes.
Mr Palmer showed the company three pieces of painted silk material
Mr Croone (age 28) read Mr Evelyn's (age 41) account of the Rowling press.
The Amanuensis to provide a box of blacking.
Dr Goddard (age 45) set several pieces fo gold to anneal and showed their allays.
Mr Palmer to speak to Mr Grigory to come to the Society for the discourse fo the tinged stuffs.
Dr Goddard rea his account of the refining of gold by Antimony and Aqua Regis: It was ordered to be registered. [Note in margin; fol. 167]
Sir Robert Moray (age 54) read his account of the sounding of the depths of water without a line. Ordered ti be registered. [Note in margin; for. 178]
The Operator to enquire of the length of time fishermen keep their fishes without feeding them.
Sir William Petty (age 39) proposed a Standard for knowing the velocity of seimming bodies.
On 18th June 1662 Charles Fitzroy 1st Duke Southampton 2nd Duke Cleveland was born illegitimately to King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 32) and Barbara Villiers 1st Duchess of Cleveland (age 21). He married (1) 1679 Mary Wood Duchess Southampton, daughter of Henry Wood 1st Baronet and Mary Gardiner (2) 1694 Anne Pulteney Duchess Southampton Duchess of Cleveland and had issue.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 18th June 1664. So home to supper and to bed. Strange to see how pert Sir W. Pen (age 43) is to-day newly come from Portsmouth, Hampshire [Map] with his head full of great reports of his service and the state of the ships there. When that is over he will be just as another man again or worse. But I wonder whence Mr. Coventry (age 36) should take all this care for him, to send for him up only to look after his Irish business with my Lord Ormond (age 53) and to get the Duke's leave for him to come with so much officiousness, when I am sure he knows him as well as I do as to his little service he do.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 18th June 1666. Thence to Hales's (age 66) to see how my father's picture goes on, which pleases me mighty well, though I find again, as I did in Mrs. Pierce's, that a picture may have more of a likeness in the first or second working than it shall have when finished, though this is very well and to my full content, but so it is, and certainly mine was not so like at the first, second, or third sitting as it was afterward.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 18th June 1668. Up betimes and to the office, there to set my papers in order and books, my office having been new whited and windows made clean, and so to sit, where all the morning, and did receive a hint or two from my Lord Anglesey (age 53), as if he thought much of my taking the ayre as I have done; but I care not a turd; but whatever the matter is, I think he hath some ill-will to me, or at least an opinion that I am more the servant of the Board than I am.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 18th June 1668. After dinner carried her by coach to St. James's, where she sat in the coach till I to my Lady Peterborough's (age 46), who tells me, among other things, her Lord's (age 46) good words to the Duke of York (age 34) lately, about my Lord Sandwich (age 42), and that the Duke of York is kind to my Lord Sandwich, which I am glad to hear: my business here was about her Lord's pension from Tangier. Here met with Povy (age 54), who tells me how hard Creed is upon him, though he did give him, about six months since, I think he said, fifty pieces in gold; and one thing there is in his accounts that I fear may touch me, but I shall help it, I hope. So my wife not speaking a word, going nor coming, nor willing to go to a play, though a new one, I to the Office, and did much business. At night home, where supped Mr. Turner and his wife, and Betty and Mercer and Pelling, as merry as the ill, melancholy humour that my wife was in, would let us, which vexed me; but I took no notice of it, thinking that will be the best way, and let it wear away itself. After supper, parted, and to bed; and my wife troubled all night, and about one o'clock goes out of the bed to the girl's bed, which did trouble me, she crying and sobbing, without telling the cause.
John Evelyn's Diary. 18th June 1670. Dined at Goring House [Map], whither my Lord Arlington (age 52) carried me from Whitehall with the Marquis of Worcester (age 41); there, we found Lord Sandwich (age 44), Viscount Stafford (age 55), the Lieutenant of the Tower, and others. After dinner, my Lord communicated to me his Majesty's (age 40) desire that I would engage to write the history of our late war with the Hollanders, which I had hitherto declined; this I found was ill taken, and that I should disoblige his Majesty, who had made choice of me to do him this service, and, if I would undertake it, I should have all the assistance the Secretary's office and others could give me, with other encouragements, which I could not decently refuse.
On 18th June 1679 Maria Christina Habsburg Spain was born to Leopold Habsburg Spain I Holy Roman Emperor (age 39) and Eleonore Magdalene of Neuburg (age 24). She died the same day.
John Evelyn's Diary. 18th June 1683. The Popish Plot also, which had hitherto made such a noise, began now sensibly to dwindle, through the folly, knavery, impudence, and giddiness of Oates (age 33), so as the Papists began to hold up their heads higher than ever, and those who had fled, flocked to London from abroad. Such sudden changes and eager doings there had been without anything steady or prudent, for these last seven years.
On 18th June 1687 Frederick William Oldenburg II Duke Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck was born to Frederick Louis Oldenburg I Duke Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck (age 34) and Louise Charlotte Oldenburg Duchess Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck (age 29). Coefficient of inbreeding 7.82%.
The History of William Marshal was commissioned by his son shortly after William’s death in 1219 to celebrate the Marshal’s remarkable life; it is an authentic, contemporary voice. The manuscript was discovered in 1861 by French historian Paul Meyer. Meyer published the manuscript in its original Anglo-French in 1891 in two books. This book is a line by line translation of the first of Meyer’s books; lines 1-10152. Book 1 of the History begins in 1139 and ends in 1194. It describes the events of the Anarchy, the role of William’s father John, John’s marriages, William’s childhood, his role as a hostage at the siege of Newbury, his injury and imprisonment in Poitou where he met Eleanor of Aquitaine and his life as a knight errant. It continues with the accusation against him of an improper relationship with Margaret, wife of Henry the Young King, his exile, and return, the death of Henry the Young King, the rebellion of Richard, the future King Richard I, war with France, the death of King Henry II, and the capture of King Richard, and the rebellion of John, the future King John. It ends with the release of King Richard and the death of John Marshal.
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John Evelyn's Diary. 18th June 1690. Fast day. Visited the Bishop of St. Asaph (age 62); his conversation was on the Vaudois in Savoy, who had been thought so near destruction and final extirpation by the French, being totally given up to slaughter, so that there were no hopes for them; but now it pleased God that the Duke of Savoy, who had hitherto joined with the French in their persecution, being now pressed by them to deliver up Saluzzo and Turin as cautionary towns, on suspicion that he might at last come into the Confederacy of the German Princes, did secretly concert measures with, and afterward declared for, them. He then invited these poor people from their dispersion among the mountains whither they had fled, and restored them to their country, their dwellings, and the exercise of their religion, and begged pardon for the ill usage they had received, charging it on the cruelty of the French who forced him to it. These being the remainder of those persecuted Christians which the Bishop of St. Asaph had so long affirmed to be the two witnesses spoken of in the Revelation, who should be killed and brought to life again, it was looked on as an extraordinary thing that this prophesying Bishop should persuade two fugitive ministers of the Vaudois to return to their country, and furnish them with £20 toward their journey, at that very time when nothing but universal destruction was to be expected, assuring them and showing them from the Apocalypse, that their countrymen should be returned safely to their country before they arrived. This happening contrary to all expectation and appearance, did exceedingly credit the Bishop's confidence how that prophecy of the witnesses should come to pass, just at the time, and the very month, he had spoken of some years before.
John Evelyn's Diary. 18th June 1690. I afterward went with him to Mr. Boyle (age 77) and Lady Ranelagh (age 75) his sister, to whom he explained the necessity of it so fully, and so learnedly made out, with what events were immediately to follow, viz, the French King's ruin, the calling of the Jews to be near at hand, but that the Kingdom of Antichrist would not yet be utterly destroyed till thirty years, when Christ should begin the Millenium, not as personally and visibly reigning on earth, but that the true religion and universal peace should obtain through all the world. He showed how Mr. Brightman, Mr. Mede, and other interpreters of these events failed, by mistaking and reckoning the year as the Latins and others did, to consist of the present calculation, so many days to the year, whereas the Apocalypse reckons after the Persian account, as Daniel did, whose visions St. John all along explains as meaning only the Christian Church.
John Evelyn's Diary. 18th June 1696. The famous trial between my Lord Bath (age 67) and Lord Montague (age 57) for an estate of £11,000 a year, left by the Duke of Albemarle, wherein on several trials had been spent £20,000 between them. The Earl of Bath (age 34) was cast on evident forgery.
On 4th June 1699 Popham Seymour-Conway (age 24) drunkenly duelled with Captain George Kirk of the Royal Horse Guards; he was wounded in the neck.
On 18th June 1699 he died from wounds received duelling. His estates were inherited by his younger brother Francis Seymour-Conway 1st Baron Conway (age 20).
On 18th June 1720 Scroop Egerton 1st Duke Bridgewater (age 38) was created 1st Duke Bridgewater.
On 18th June 1743 Alexander Gordon 4th Duke Gordon was born to Cosmo George Gordon 3rd Duke Gordon (age 23) and Catherine Gordon Duchess Gordon (age 25). He married 18th October 1767 Jane Maxwell Duchess Gordon, daughter of William Maxwell, and had issue.
On 18th June 1788 Lucy Manners Duchess Montrose (age 71) died.
On 18th June 1795 Mary Caroline Berkeley Duchess Grafton was born to George Cranfield Berkeley (age 41) and Emily Charlotte Lennox (age 31). She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland. Coefficient of inbreeding 1.58%. She married 20th June 1812 her half fourth cousin once removed Henry Fitzroy 5th Duke Grafton, son of George Henry Fitzroy 4th Duke Grafton and Charlotte Maria Waldegrave, and had issue.
After 18th June 1813 Memorial to George Venables-Vernon 2nd Baron Vernon (deceased) and his second wife Jane Georgiana Fauquier Baroness Vernon (age 65) at All Saints Church, Sudbury [Map].
Jane Georgiana Fauquier Baroness Vernon: Around 1748 she was born to William Fauquier. On 25th May 1786 George Venables-Vernon 2nd Baron Vernon and she were married. She by marriage Baroness Vernon of Kinderton in Cheshire. On 31st May 1823 she died.
On 18th June 1815 the Battle of Waterloo was fought.
Beaumont Hotham 3rd Baron Hotham (age 20) was present.
Charles Augustus Fitzroy (age 19) was wounded.
Lieutenant-Colonel Henry Edward Irby (age 31) fought.
Henry William Paget 1st Marquess Anglesey (age 47) led the charge of the British heavy cavalry against Comte d'Erlon's column which checked and in part routed the French Army. He was hit by one of the last cannon shots of the day necessitating the amputation of this leg during the Battle of Quatre Bras.
Fletcher Norton 3rd Baron Grantley (age 16) fought and was wounded.
Charles Francis Rowley Lascelles fought.
Edward Kerrison 1st Baronet (age 38) commanded his Regiment.
George Orlando Gunning (age 18) was killed whilst serving as a Lieutenant in the 10th Hussars.
On 19th June 1815 Lieutenant Colonel Alexander Gordon (age 29) died having had his leg amputated the previous day.
Charles Henry Farrington 2nd Baronet (age 20) fought.
On 18th June 1815 Edward Hawkins Cheney (age 36) fought at the Battle of Waterloo.
Anne Boleyn. Her Life as told by Lancelot de Carle's 1536 Letter.
In 1536, two weeks after the execution of Anne Boleyn, her brother George and four others, Lancelot du Carle, wrote an extraordinary letter that described Anne's life, and her trial and execution, to which he was a witness. This book presents a new translation of that letter, with additional material from other contemporary sources such as Letters, Hall's and Wriothesley's Chronicles, the pamphlets of Wynkyn the Worde, the Memorial of George Constantyne, the Portuguese Letter and the Baga de Secrets, all of which are provided in Appendices.
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On 18th June 1815 Major-General William Ponsonby (age 42) was killed at the Battle of Waterloo.
On 18th June 1815 Algernon Frederick Greville (age 16) fought at Battle of Waterloo.
On 18th June 1815, at the Battle of Waterloo, Charles Ewart (age 46) captured the Regimental Eagle of the 45e Régiment de Ligne. One of the most prized honours of the Scots Greys and, in commemoration of this, their cap badge shows the Eagle. The Eagle is now in Edinburgh Castle Museum. It is one of two Regimental Eagles captured during the Waterloo Campaign.
On 18th June 1815 Major Norman William Ramsay (age 33) was killed in action at the Battle of Waterloo. Monument at St Michal's Church, Inveresk [Map].
Major Norman William Ramsay: In 1782 he was born.
On 18th June 1815 Henry Lascelles 3rd Earl Harewood (age 18) fought at the Battle of Waterloo.
On 18th June 1815 Frederick Howard (age 29) was killed during the Battle of Waterloo. He was buried at Castle Howard Mausoleum.
On 18th June 1819 Caroline Amelia Gordon-Lennox Countess Bessborough was born to Charles Gordon-Lennox 5th Duke Richmond (age 27) and Caroline Paget Duchess Richmond (age 23). She married 4th October 1849 her fifth cousin John George Brabazon Ponsonby 5th Earl Bessborough, son of John Ponsonby 4th Earl Bessborough and Maria Fane.
On 18th June 1826 Archbishop William Dalrymple Maclagan was born. He married (1) 1860 Sarah Kate Clapham (2) 12th November 1878 Augusta Anne Barrington, daughter of William Keppel Barrington 6th Viscount Barrington and Jane Elizabeth Liddell Viscountess Barrington.
On 18th June 1828 Henry Hugh Armstead was born in Bloomsbury. He trained first under his father, then at the Government School of Design at Somerset House and afterwards at private art schools. He also studied with Edward Hodges Baily (age 40). He married 9th September 1857 Sarah Wells.
Ten Years' Digging. 18th of June we opened a flat mound, with an uneven surface, 25 yards across, on the moor near Gateham. It consisted of loose black earth to the depth of two feet, next a bed of stiff white clay containing charcoal, and lastly a stratum of red clay. No interment was found, although there is a tradition in the neighbourhood that it is a place "where dead men lie".
The Battle of the Great Redan was a major battle during the Crimean War, fought between British forces against Russia on 18 June [1855] and 8th of September 1855.
On the 7th September the bombardment opened, and continued until noon of the 8th. The signal for the British to begin their assault (the flag of St. George raised over the Mamelon) was then made and the British then assaulted the Great Redan.
The London Gazette 21997. 7th Regiment. Lieutenant William Hope. Date of Act of Bravery, 18th June, 1855.
After the troops had retreated on the morning of the 18th June, 1855, Lieutenant W. Hope being informed by the late Serjeant-Major William Bacon, who was himself wounded, that Lieutenant and Adjutant Hobson was lying outside the trenches badly wounded, went out to look for him, and found him lying in the old agricultural ditch running towards the left flank of the Redan. He then returned, and got four men to bring him in. Finding, however, that Lieutenant Hobson could not be removed without a stretcher, he then ran back across the open to Egerton's Pit, where he procured one, and carried it to where Lieutenant Hobson was lying.
All this was done under a very heavy fire from the Russian batteries.
7th Regiment. Assistant-Surgeon Thomas Egerton Hale, M.D. Date of Act of Bravery, 8th September, 1855
First. For remaining with an officer who was dangerously wounded, (Captain H. M. Jones, 7th Regiment), in the fifth parallel, on 8th September, 1855, when all the men in the immediate neighbourhood retreated, excepting Lieutenant W. Hope and Dr. Hale; and for endeavouring to rally the men, in conjunction with Lieutenant W. Hope, 7th Royal Fusiliers.
Secondly. For having, on 8th September, 1855, after the regiments had retired into the trenches, cleared the most advanced sap of the wounded, and carried, into the sap, under a heavy fire, several wounded men from the open ground, being assisted by Serjeant Charles Fisher, 7th Royal Fusiliers, Coldstream Guards (late of the 49th Regiment). Brevet-Major John Augustus Conolly Date of Act of Bravery, 26th October, 1854.
In the attack by the Russians against the position held by the Second Division, 26th October, 1854, Major Conolly, then a Lieutenant in the 49th Regiment, while in command of a company of that regiment, on outlying picket, made himself most conspicuous by the gallantry of his behaviour. He came particularly under the observation of the late Field-Marshal Lord Raglan (age 66), while in personal encounter with several Russians, in defence of his post. He ultimately fell, dangerously wounded. Lieutenant Conolly was highly praised in General Orders, and promoted into the Coldstream Guards, as a reward for his exemplary behaviour on this occasion.
Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes
Récits d’un bourgeois de Valenciennes aka The Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes is a vivid 14th-century vernacular chronicle written by an anonymous urban chronicler from Valenciennes in the County of Hainaut. It survives in a manuscript that describes local and regional history from about 1253 to 1366, blending chronology, narrative episodes, and eyewitness-style accounts of political, military, and social events in medieval France, Flanders, and the Low Countries. The work begins with a chronological framework of events affecting Valenciennes and its region under rulers such as King Philip VI of France and the shifting allegiances of local nobility. It includes accounts of conflicts, sieges, diplomatic manoeuvres, and the impact of broader struggles like the Hundred Years’ War on urban life in Hainaut. Written from the perspective of a burgher (bourgeois) rather than a monastery or royal court, the chronicle offers a rare lay viewpoint on high politics and warfare, reflecting how merchants, townspeople, and civic institutions experienced the turbulence of the 13th and 14th centuries. Its narrative style combines straightforward reporting of events with moral and civic observations, making it a valuable source for readers interested in medieval urban society, regional politics, and the lived experience of war and governance in pre-modern Europe.
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The London Gazette 22279. Master of the Horse's Office, June 18, 1859. The Queen has been pleased to appoint the Right Honourable John George Brabazon (age 49), Earl of Bessborough, to be Master of Her Majesty's Buckhounds,.in the room of the Right Honourable John William (age 47), Earl of Sandwich, resigned.
On 18th June 1860 George Frampton was born to James Frampton in Fitzroy Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. He married 7th June 1893 Christabel Cockerell.
The London Gazette 23128. Crown Office, June 18, 1866.
Member returned to serve in the present Parliament. County of Nottingham, Southern Division. Thomas Blackborne Thoroton Hildyard, Esq., in the room of George Arthur Philip Stanhope (age 34) (commonly called Lord Stanhope), now Earl of Chesterfield, summoned to the House of Peers.
On 18th June 1897 Victor Cavendish-Bentinck 9th Duke of Portland was born to William George Frederick Cavendish-Bentinck (age 41) and Ruth Mary St Maur (age 29).
On 18th June 1903 Ian Campbell 11th Duke of Argyll was born to Douglas Walter Campbell (age 26). He married (1) 12th December 1927 Janet Gladys Aitken (2) 23rd November 1935 Louise Clews Duchess of Argyll and had issue (3) 22nd March 1951 Margaret Whigham Duchess of Argyll.
18th June 1910. Bassano Ltd. Photograph of Lucinda Dorothea Kemble Countess Dunmore
Lucinda Dorothea Kemble Countess Dunmore: she was born to Colonel Horace William Kemble. On 5th January 1904 Alexander Murray 8th Earl of Dunmore and she were married. He the son of Charles Adolphus Murray 7th Earl Dunmore and Gertrude Coke. On 27th August 1907 Charles Adolphus Murray 7th Earl Dunmore died. His son Alexander succeeded 8th Earl Dunmore, 4th Baron Dunmore of Dunmore in the Forest of Athole in Perthshire. She by marriage Countess Dunmore.
On 18th June 1934 Arthur Charles Wellesley 4th Duke Wellington (age 85) died. His son Arthur (age 58) succeeded 5th Duke Wellington, 9th Earl Mornington, 9th Viscount Wellesley of Dangan Castle, 5th Viscount Wellington of Talavera. Lillian Maud Glen Coats Duchess Wellington (age 49) by marriage Duchess Wellington.
On 18th June 1269 Eleanor Plantagenet was born to King Edward I of England (age 30) and Eleanor of Castile Queen Consort England (age 28) at Windsor Castle [Map]. She married 20th September 1293 her fourth cousin once removed Henry of Bar III Count of Bar, son of Theobald of Bar II Count of Bar and Jeanne Toucy Countess Bar, and had issue.
On 18th June 1318 Eleanor of Woodstock Plantagenet was born to King Edward II of England (age 34) and Isabella of France Queen Consort England (age 23) at Woodstock Palace, Oxfordshire [Map]. She was named for her paternal grandmother Eleanor of Castile. Coefficient of inbreeding 2.17%. She married May 1332 her second cousin once removed Reginald "Black" I Duke Guelders, son of Reginald I Count Guelders and Margaret Dampierre Countess Guelders, and had issue.
On 18th June 1521 Maria of Portugal Duchess Viseu was born to Manuel "Fortunate" I King Portugal (age 52) and Eleanor of Austria Queen Consort France Queen Consort Portugal (age 22). Coefficient of inbreeding 7.55%.
On 18th June 1548 Frances Cavendish was born to William Cavendish (age 43) and Bess of Hardwick (age 21). She married before 1584 her sixth cousin Henry Pierrepont and had issue.
Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall
The Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall (Chronicon Anglicanum) is an indispensable medieval history that brings to life centuries of English and European affairs through the eyes of a learned Cistercian monk. Ralph of Coggeshall, abbot of the Abbey of Coggeshall in Essex in the early 13th century, continued and expanded his community’s chronicle, documenting events from the Norman Conquest of 1066 into the tumultuous reign of King Henry III. Blending eyewitness testimony, careful compilation, and the monastic commitment to record-keeping, this chronicle offers a rare narrative of political intrigue, royal power struggles, and social upheaval in England and beyond. Ralph’s work captures the reigns of pivotal figures such as Richard I and King John, providing invaluable insights into their characters, decisions, and the forces that shaped medieval rule. More than a simple annal, Chronicon Anglicanum conveys the texture of medieval life and governance, making it a rich source for scholars and readers fascinated by English history, monastic authorship, and the shaping of the medieval world.
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On 18th June 1626 John Mordaunt 1st Viscount Mordaunt was born to John Mordaunt 1st Earl Peterborough and Elizabeth Howard Countess Peterborough (age 23) at Lowick, Northamptonshire. He married 7th May 1657 his second cousin once removed Elizabeth Carey Viscountess Mordaunt and had issue.
On 18th June 1644 Arthur Loftus 3rd Viscount Loftus of Ely was born to Edward Loftus 2nd Viscount Loftus of Ely (age 46).
On 18th June 1657 William Stewart 3rd Earl Traquair was born to John Stewart 2nd Earl Traquair (age 33) and Anne Seton (age 22). He died aged less than one years old.
On 18th June 1662 Charles Fitzroy 1st Duke Southampton 2nd Duke Cleveland was born illegitimately to King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 32) and Barbara Villiers 1st Duchess of Cleveland (age 21). He married (1) 1679 Mary Wood Duchess Southampton, daughter of Henry Wood 1st Baronet and Mary Gardiner (2) 1694 Anne Pulteney Duchess Southampton Duchess of Cleveland and had issue.
On 18th June 1679 Maria Christina Habsburg Spain was born to Leopold Habsburg Spain I Holy Roman Emperor (age 39) and Eleonore Magdalene of Neuburg (age 24). She died the same day.
On 18th June 1687 Frederick William Oldenburg II Duke Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck was born to Frederick Louis Oldenburg I Duke Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck (age 34) and Louise Charlotte Oldenburg Duchess Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck (age 29). Coefficient of inbreeding 7.82%.
On 18th June 1715 Henry Grey 4th Earl Stamford was born to Henry Grey 3rd Earl Stamford (age 30) and Dorothy Wright Countess Stamford (age 30) at Enville Hall, Staffordshire. He married 1736 his second cousin once removed Mary Booth Countess Stamford, daughter of George Booth 2nd Earl Warrington and Mary Oldbury Countess Warrington, and had issue.
On 18th June 1731 Richard Grosvenor 1st Earl Grosvenor was born to Robert Grosvenor 6th Baronet (age 36) and Jane Warre Lady Grosvenor at Eaton Hall, Cheshire [Map]. He married 19th July 1764 Henrietta Vernon Countess Grosvenor.
On 18th June 1739 Elizabeth Harcourt Lady Lee was born to Simon Harcourt 1st Earl Harcourt (age 25) and Rebecca Samborne Le Bass. She married 20th June 1763 William Lee 4th Baronet, son of Thomas Lee 3rd Baronet and Elizabeth Sandys Lady Lee, and had issue.
On 18th June 1743 Alexander Gordon 4th Duke Gordon was born to Cosmo George Gordon 3rd Duke Gordon (age 23) and Catherine Gordon Duchess Gordon (age 25). He married 18th October 1767 Jane Maxwell Duchess Gordon, daughter of William Maxwell, and had issue.
The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy
The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.
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On 18th June 1744 Henry Bayly-Paget 1st Earl Uxbridge was born to Nicholas Bayly 2nd Baronet Bayly of Plas Newydd in Anglesey (age 35) and Caroline Paget Lady Plas Newydd Anglesey (age 37). He married 1767 Jane Champagné Countess Uxbridge and had issue.
On 18th June 1766 Denzil Cope 10th Baronet was born to William Cope (age 47).
On 18th June 1766 Frederick Morton Eden 2nd Baronet was born to Robert Eden 1st Baronet (age 24) and Caroline Calvert (age 21). He a great x 3 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
On 18th June 1769 Robert Stewart 2nd Marquess Londonderry was born to Robert Stewart 1st Marquess Londonderry (age 29) and Sarah Frances Seymour-Conway (age 21) at Henry Street, Dublin. He a great x 3 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland. He married 1794 Amelia Hobart Marchioness Londonderry, daughter of John Hobart 2nd Earl Buckinghamshire and Caroline Conolly Countess Buckinghamshire.
On 18th June 1782 Captain Richard Beckett was born to John Beckett 1st Baronet (age 39) and Mary Wilson Lady Beckett (age 33).
On 18th June 1782 George Rodney 3rd Baron Rodney was born to George Rodney 2nd Baron Rodney (age 28) and Anne Harley Baroness Rodney (age 22).
On 18th June 1783 Henry Bickersteth 1st Baron Langdale was born to Henry Bickersteth (age 32). He married 17th August 1835 Jane Elizabeth Harley Baroness Langdale, daughter of Edward Harley 5th Earl of Oxford and Earl Mortimer and Jane Elizabeth Scott Countess of Oxford and Mortimer.
On 18th June 1795 Mary Caroline Berkeley Duchess Grafton was born to George Cranfield Berkeley (age 41) and Emily Charlotte Lennox (age 31). She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland. Coefficient of inbreeding 1.58%. She married 20th June 1812 her half fourth cousin once removed Henry Fitzroy 5th Duke Grafton, son of George Henry Fitzroy 4th Duke Grafton and Charlotte Maria Waldegrave, and had issue.
On 18th June 1819 George Augustus Frederick John Fane was born to John Fane 11th Earl of Westmoreland (age 35) and Priscilla Anne Wellesley-Pole Countess of Westmoreland (age 26).
On 18th June 1819 Caroline Amelia Gordon-Lennox Countess Bessborough was born to Charles Gordon-Lennox 5th Duke Richmond (age 27) and Caroline Paget Duchess Richmond (age 23). She married 4th October 1849 her fifth cousin John George Brabazon Ponsonby 5th Earl Bessborough, son of John Ponsonby 4th Earl Bessborough and Maria Fane.
The History of William Marshal was commissioned by his son shortly after William’s death in 1219 to celebrate the Marshal’s remarkable life; it is an authentic, contemporary voice. The manuscript was discovered in 1861 by French historian Paul Meyer. Meyer published the manuscript in its original Anglo-French in 1891 in two books. This book is a line by line translation of the first of Meyer’s books; lines 1-10152. Book 1 of the History begins in 1139 and ends in 1194. It describes the events of the Anarchy, the role of William’s father John, John’s marriages, William’s childhood, his role as a hostage at the siege of Newbury, his injury and imprisonment in Poitou where he met Eleanor of Aquitaine and his life as a knight errant. It continues with the accusation against him of an improper relationship with Margaret, wife of Henry the Young King, his exile, and return, the death of Henry the Young King, the rebellion of Richard, the future King Richard I, war with France, the death of King Henry II, and the capture of King Richard, and the rebellion of John, the future King John. It ends with the release of King Richard and the death of John Marshal.
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On 18th June 1824 Henry Thynne Lascelles 4th Earl Harewood was born to Henry Lascelles 3rd Earl Harewood (age 27) and Louisa Thynne Countess Harewood (age 23). He married (1) 17th July 1845 Elizabeth Joanna Burgh, daughter of Ulick Burgh 1st Marquess Clanricarde and Harriet Canning Marchioness Clanricarde, and had issue (2) 21st April 1858 Diana Smyth Countess Harewood and had issue.
On 18th June 1826 Archbishop William Dalrymple Maclagan was born. He married (1) 1860 Sarah Kate Clapham (2) 12th November 1878 Augusta Anne Barrington, daughter of William Keppel Barrington 6th Viscount Barrington and Jane Elizabeth Liddell Viscountess Barrington.
On 18th June 1828 Henry Hugh Armstead was born in Bloomsbury. He trained first under his father, then at the Government School of Design at Somerset House and afterwards at private art schools. He also studied with Edward Hodges Baily (age 40). He married 9th September 1857 Sarah Wells.
On 18th June 1838 Auberon Edward William Molyneux Howard Herbert was born to Henry John George Herbert 3rd Earl Carnarvon (age 38) and Henrietta Anna Howard-Molyneux-Howard Countess Carnarvon (age 33). He married 1871 Florence Amabel Cowper, daughter of George Augustus Frederick Cowper 6th Earl Cowper and Ann Florence Robinson Countess Cowper, and had issue.
On 18th June 1844 William Neville Abdy 2nd Baronet was born to Thomas Neville Abdy 1st Baronet (age 33) and Harriet Alston.
On 18th June 1850 Constance Emily Reynolds-Moreton was born to Henry Reynolds-Moreton 3rd Earl of Ducie (age 22) and Julia Langston Countess Ducie (age 20). Coefficient of inbreeding 6.25%. She married 1874 George Shaw-Lefevre 1st Baron Eversley.
On 18th June 1860 George Frampton was born to James Frampton in Fitzroy Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. He married 7th June 1893 Christabel Cockerell.
On 18th June 1897 Victor Cavendish-Bentinck 9th Duke of Portland was born to William George Frederick Cavendish-Bentinck (age 41) and Ruth Mary St Maur (age 29).
On 18th June 1903 Ian Campbell 11th Duke of Argyll was born to Douglas Walter Campbell (age 26). He married (1) 12th December 1927 Janet Gladys Aitken (2) 23rd November 1935 Louise Clews Duchess of Argyll and had issue (3) 22nd March 1951 Margaret Whigham Duchess of Argyll.
On 18th June 1907 John Francis Arundell 16th Baron Arundel was born to Gerald Arthur Arundell 15th Baron Arundel (age 45) and Ivy Florence Mary Segrave Baroness Arundel Wardour (age 32).
On 18th June 1910 Ferdinando Lea Smith 13th Baron Dudley was born to Ferdinando Dudley William Lea Smith 12th Baron Dudley (age 38) and Sybil Augusta Coventry.
Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke
Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson.
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On 18th June 1911 John Garmondsway Wrightson 3rd Baronet was born to Thomas Garmondsay Wrightson 2nd Baronet (age 39).
On 18th June 1916 John Cavendish 5th Baron Chesham was born to John Compton Cavendish 4th Baron Chesham (age 22).
On 18th June 1937 William Duke Coleridge 5th Baron Coleridge was born to Richard Duke Coleridge 4th Baron Coleridge (age 31). He married 15th September 2000 Rosemary Frances Scoones Viscoutess Exmouth.
On 18th June 1939 Almary Bridget Coke was born to Anthony Louis Lovel Coke 6th Earl of Leicester (age 29).
On 18th June 1968 Cosmo Henry Villiers Duff-Gordon, 9th Baronet was born to Andrew Cosmo Lewis Duff-Gordon 8th Baronet (age 34) and Grania Mary Villiers-Stuart Lady Duff-Gordon (age 27).
On 18th June 1318 Philip "Noble" III King Navarre (age 12) and Joan Capet II Queen Navarre (age 6) were married. She the daughter of Louis X King France I Navarre and Margaret of Burgundy Queen Consort France. He the son of Louis I Count Évreux (age 42) and Margaret Artois Countess Évreux. They were half first cousin once removed. He a great x 2 grandson of King Henry III of England. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.
On 18th June 1522 Gilbert Tailboys 1st Baron Tailboys (age 24) and Elizabeth "Bessie" Blount Baroness Clinton and Tailboys (age 24) were married. She the former mistress of King Henry VIII of England and Ireland (age 30) had given birth to Henry's illegitimate son Henry Fitzroy 1st Duke Richmond and Somerset (age 3) in June 1519.
On 18th June 1538 King James V of Scotland (age 26) and Mary of Guise Queen Consort Scotland (age 22) were married at St Andrew's Cathedral Priory, St Andrew's. She by marriage Queen Consort Scotland. She the daughter of Claude Lorraine 1st Duke Guise (age 41) and Antoinette Bourbon Duchess of Guise (age 45). He the son of King James IV of Scotland and Margaret Tudor Queen Scotland (age 48). They were third cousins. He a grandson of King Henry VII of England and Ireland.
On 18th June 1585 Thomas Arundell 1st Baron Arundel (age 25) and Mary Wriothesley Baroness Arundel Wardour were married. She the daughter of Henry Wriothesley 2nd Earl of Southampton and Mary Browne Countess Southampton (age 32). They were half fourth cousin once removed.
On 18th June 1615 James Erskine Earl Buchan (age 21) and Mary Douglas 6th Countess Buchan (age 14) were married. He by marriage Earl Buchan. She the daughter of James Douglas 5th Earl Buchan. He the son of John Erskine 19th Earl of Mar (age 53) and Mary Stewart Countess Mar (age 33). They were second cousin once removed.
On 18th June 1622 William Strickland 1st Baronet (age 26) and Margaret Cholmley were married.
On 18th June 1683 Charles Gerard 2nd Earl Macclesfield (age 24) and Anna Mason Countess Macclesfield (age 15) were married. He the son of Charles Gerard 1st Earl Macclesfield (age 65) and Jeanne de Civelle Countess Macclesfield.
Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough
A canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: 'In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed.'
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On 18th June 1702 Thomas Foley 1st Baron Foley (age 28) and Mary Strode were married. They had seven children of whom only two survived their parents.
On 18th June 1724 Benjamin Mildmay 1st Earl Fitzwalter (age 51) and Frederica Schomberg Countess Holderness and Fitzwalter (age 37) were married. She the daughter of Meinhart Schomberg 3rd Duke Schomberg and Karoline von der Pfalz.
On 18th June 1795 George Grey 1st Baronet (age 27) and Mary Whitbread Lady Grey (age 25) were married. Her brother Samuel (age 31) had married her husband George's sister Elizabeth six years earlier. See Marriage of Two Sets of Siblings. He the son of Charles Grey 1st Earl Grey (age 65) and Elizabeth Grey Countess Grey (age 51).
On 18th June 1822 Francis Leveson Gower aka Egerton 1st Earl Ellesmere (age 22) and Harriet Greville Countess Ellesmere (age 19) were married at St George's Church, Hanover Square. He the son of George Granville Leveson-Gower 1st Duke Sutherland (age 64) and Elizabeth Sutherland Duchess Sutherland 19th Countess Sutherland (age 57). They were fourth cousin once removed.
On 18th June 1872 John Stephen Barrington Simeon 4th Baronet (age 21) and Isabella Mary Dutton (age 19) were married at St George's Church, Hanover Square.
On 18th June 1872 Theophilus William Biddulph 7th Baronet (age 42) and Mary Agnes Somerville Lady Biddulph (age 34) were married at St Mary's Church, Bryanston Square, Marylebone.
On 18th June 1878 Paul Methuen 3rd Baron Methuen (age 32) and Evelyn Hervey-Bathurst (age 30) were married. She died less than a year later on 2nd June 1879.
On 18th June 1931 Charles Edward Henry Hobhouse 4th Baronet (age 68) and Aimee Gladys Griffith Lady Hobhouse were married. She by marriage Lady Hobhouse of Chantry House Wiltshire and Westbury College in Gloucestershire.
On 18th June 1938 George Parker 8th Earl Macclesfield (age 24) and Valerie Mansfield Countess Macclesfield (age 19) were married. He the son of George Parker 7th Earl Macclesfield (age 50) and Lilian Joanna Vere Boyle Countess Macclesfield.
On 18th June 1942 William Bingham Compton 6th Marquess Northampton (age 56) and Virginia Lucie Heaton Marchioness Northampton (age 23) were married. She by marriage Marchioness Northampton. The difference in their ages was 33 years. He the son of William George Spencer Scott Compton 5th Marquess Northampton and Mary Florence Baring Marchioness Northampton.
On 18th June 1945 James Lowther 7th Earl Londsdale (age 22) and Tuppina Cecily Bennet were married.
The History of William Marshal was commissioned by his son shortly after William’s death in 1219 to celebrate the Marshal’s remarkable life; it is an authentic, contemporary voice. The manuscript was discovered in 1861 by French historian Paul Meyer. Meyer published the manuscript in its original Anglo-French in 1891 in two books. This book is a line by line translation of the first of Meyer’s books; lines 1-10152. Book 1 of the History begins in 1139 and ends in 1194. It describes the events of the Anarchy, the role of William’s father John, John’s marriages, William’s childhood, his role as a hostage at the siege of Newbury, his injury and imprisonment in Poitou where he met Eleanor of Aquitaine and his life as a knight errant. It continues with the accusation against him of an improper relationship with Margaret, wife of Henry the Young King, his exile, and return, the death of Henry the Young King, the rebellion of Richard, the future King Richard I, war with France, the death of King Henry II, and the capture of King Richard, and the rebellion of John, the future King John. It ends with the release of King Richard and the death of John Marshal.
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On 18th June 1250 Theresa of Portugal Queen Consort Leon (age 74) died.
On 18th June 1260 Cicely D'Aubigny (age 52) died. Roger de Montalt 1st Baron Montalt (age 22) inherited Castle Rising Castle [Map].
On 18th June 1291 Alfonso III King Aragon (age 25) died. His brother James (age 24) succeeded II King Aragon.
On 18th June 1293 Margaret Somery Baroness Basset Drayton (age 68) died in Dudley, Worcestershire.
On 18th June 1356 Elizabeth Badlesmere Countess Northampton (age 43) died at Blackfriars Church Holborn.
On 18th June 1388 Catherine Countess Eu and Guînes (age 64) died.
On 18th June 1448 Elizabeth Beauchamp 3rd Baroness Bergavenny (age 32) died. Her son George (age 8) succeeded 4th Baron Abergavenny.
On 18th June 1616 Bishop Thomas Bilson (age 69) died.
On 18th June 1642 John Mordaunt 1st Earl Peterborough died. His son Henry (age 20) succeeded 2nd Earl Peterborough, 6th Baron Mordaunt.
On 18th June 1679 Charles Moore 2nd Earl Drogheda died. His brother Henry (age 23) succeeded 3rd Earl Drogheda, 5th Viscount Moore of Drogheda, 5th Baron Moore of Mellefont in Louth. Mary Cole Countess of Drogheda (age 19) by marriage Countess Drogheda.
Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke
Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson.
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On 4th June 1699 Popham Seymour-Conway (age 24) drunkenly duelled with Captain George Kirk of the Royal Horse Guards; he was wounded in the neck.
On 18th June 1699 he died from wounds received duelling. His estates were inherited by his younger brother Francis Seymour-Conway 1st Baron Conway (age 20).
On 18th June 1721 Philip Landgrave of Hesse-Philippsthal (age 65) died.
On 18th June 1740 Piers Butler 1st Earl Newcastle (age 88) died without surviving issue. Earl Newcastle in Limerick extinct.
On 18th June 1763 Anthony Duncombe 1st Baron Feversham (age 68) died without male issue. Baron Feversham Downton in Wiltshire extinct.
On 18th June 1779 John Shaw 4th Baronet (age 50) died. He was buried at the Church of Holy Trinity, Eltham on 26th June 1779. His son John (age 22) succeeded 5th Baronet Shaw of Eltham in Kent.
On 18th June 1787 Bishop John Egerton (age 65) died.
On 18th June 1788 Lucy Manners Duchess Montrose (age 71) died.
On 18th June 1813 George Venables-Vernon 2nd Baron Vernon (age 78) died. His half brother Henry (age 66) succeeded 3rd Baron Vernon of Kinderton in Cheshire. Alice Lucy Whitefoord Baroness Vernon (age 45) by marriage Baroness Vernon of Kinderton in Cheshire.
On 18th June 1815 the Battle of Waterloo was fought.
Beaumont Hotham 3rd Baron Hotham (age 20) was present.
Charles Augustus Fitzroy (age 19) was wounded.
Lieutenant-Colonel Henry Edward Irby (age 31) fought.
Henry William Paget 1st Marquess Anglesey (age 47) led the charge of the British heavy cavalry against Comte d'Erlon's column which checked and in part routed the French Army. He was hit by one of the last cannon shots of the day necessitating the amputation of this leg during the Battle of Quatre Bras.
Fletcher Norton 3rd Baron Grantley (age 16) fought and was wounded.
Charles Francis Rowley Lascelles fought.
Edward Kerrison 1st Baronet (age 38) commanded his Regiment.
George Orlando Gunning (age 18) was killed whilst serving as a Lieutenant in the 10th Hussars.
On 19th June 1815 Lieutenant Colonel Alexander Gordon (age 29) died having had his leg amputated the previous day.
Charles Henry Farrington 2nd Baronet (age 20) fought.
On 18th June 1826 Thomas Brooke-Pechell 2nd Baronet (age 73) died. His son Samuel (age 40) succeeded 3rd Baronet Brooke-Pechell of Paglesham in Essex.
On 18th June 1831 George Byng 6th Viscount Torrington (age 63) died. His son George (age 18) succeeded 7th Viscount Torrington.
Jean de Waurin's Chronicle of England Volume 6 Books 3-6: The Wars of the Roses
Jean de Waurin was a French Chronicler, from the Artois region, who was born around 1400, and died around 1474. Waurin’s Chronicle of England, Volume 6, covering the period 1450 to 1471, from which we have selected and translated Chapters relating to the Wars of the Roses, provides a vivid, original, contemporary description of key events some of which he witnessed first-hand, some of which he was told by the key people involved with whom Waurin had a personal relationship.
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On 18th June 1851 Charles Bannerman 8th Baronet (age 68) died. His son Alexander (age 28) succeeded 9th Baronet Bannerman of Elsick in Kincardineshire.
On 18th June 1866 Walter Townsend-Farquhar 2nd Baronet (age 56) died. His son Eric (age 30) succeeded 3rd Baronet Farquhar of Mauritius.
On 18th June 1872 Thomas Winnington 4th Baronet (age 60) died. His son Francis (age 22) succeeded 5th Baronet Winnington of Stanford Court in Worcestershire.
On 18th June 1886 Charles Bunbury 8th Baronet (age 77) died. His brother Edward (age 74) succeeded 9th Baronet Bunbury of Bunbury in Oxfordshire and Stanney Hall in Cheshire.
On 18th June 1900 Debonnaire John Monson 8th Baron Monson (age 70) died. His son Augustus (age 31) succeeded 9th Baron Monson of Burton in Lincolnshire, 13th Baronet Monson of Carleton in Lincolnshire.
On 18th June 1915 Edmund Charles Simeon 5th Baronet (age 59) died. His son John (age 29) succeeded 6th Baronet Simeon of Grazeley in Berkshire.
On 18th June 1917 Ada King-Milbanke 14th Baroness Wentworth (age 46) died. His aunt Anne (age 79) succeeded 15th Baroness Wentworth, 19th Baroness Despencer.
On 18th June 1921 Thomas Wrightson 1st Baronet (age 82) died. His son Thomas (age 49) succeeded 2nd Baronet Wrightson of Neasham Hall in County Durham and Eryholme in Yorkshire.
On 18th June 1934 Arthur Charles Wellesley 4th Duke Wellington (age 85) died. His son Arthur (age 58) succeeded 5th Duke Wellington, 9th Earl Mornington, 9th Viscount Wellesley of Dangan Castle, 5th Viscount Wellington of Talavera. Lillian Maud Glen Coats Duchess Wellington (age 49) by marriage Duchess Wellington.
On 18th June 1940 Edmund Asgill Ogle 8th Baronet (age 82) died. Baronet Ogle of Worthy in Hampshire extinct.
The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy
The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.
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On 18th June 1945 William Sidney 5th Baron De Lisle and Dudley (age 85) died. His son William (age 36) succeeded 6th Baron De Lisle and Dudley, 7th Baronet Shelley-Sidney of Penshurst Place in Kent.
On 18th June 1946 Dorothy Beatrix Godolphin Osborne (age 57) died.
On 18th June 1992 Benjamin Guinness 3rd Earl of Iveagh (age 55) died. His son Edward (age 22) succeeded 4th Earl Iveagh.
On 18th June 2005 Robert Edward de Vere Capell 10th Earl of Essex (age 85) died. His son Frederick (age 61) succeeded 11th Earl Essex, 12th Baron Capell Hadham.
On 18th June 2017 Adam Ivo Stuart Bligh 11th Earl of Darnley (age 75) died. His son Ivo (age 49) succeeded 12th Earl Darnley, 21st Baron Clifton of Leighton Bromswold in Huntingdonshire.