Adam Murimuth's Continuation and Robert of Avesbury’s 'The Wonderful Deeds of King Edward III'
This volume brings together two of the most important contemporary chronicles for the reign of Edward III and the opening phases of the Hundred Years’ War. Written in Latin by English clerical observers, these texts provide a vivid and authoritative window into the political, diplomatic, and military history of fourteenth-century England and its continental ambitions. Adam Murimuth Continuatio's Chronicarum continues an earlier chronicle into the mid-fourteenth century, offering concise but valuable notices on royal policy, foreign relations, and ecclesiastical affairs. Its annalistic structure makes it especially useful for establishing chronology and tracing the development of events year by year. Complementing it, Robert of Avesbury’s De gestis mirabilibus regis Edwardi tertii is a rich documentary chronicle preserving letters, treaties, and official records alongside narrative passages. It is an indispensable source for understanding Edward III’s claim to the French crown, the conduct of war, and the mechanisms of medieval diplomacy. Together, these works offer scholars, students, and enthusiasts a reliable and unembellished account of a transformative period in English and European history. Essential for anyone interested in medieval chronicles, the Hundred Years’ War, or the reign of Edward III.
Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.
24 Dec is in December.
1165 William "The Lion" Crowned King Scotland
1543 Creation of Garter Knights
On 24th December 1065 Ferdinand "Great" I King Leon (age 50) died. His son Sancho (age 28) succeeded II King Castile.
On 24th December 1120 Welf "Fat" Welf V Duke Bavaria (age 48) died. His brother Henry (age 45) succeeded IX Duke Bavaria. Wulfhilde of Saxony Duchess Bavaria (age 48) by marriage Duchess Bavaria.
On 24th December 1143 Miles Gloucester 1st Earl Hereford was accidentally shot and killed whilst hunting in the Forest of Dean, Gloucestershire. He was buried in the Chapter House, Llanthony Secunda Priory, Gloucestershire. His son Roger (age 18) succeeded 2nd Earl Hereford, Baron Abergavenny Feudal Creation. Cecilia Fitzjohn Countess Hereford (age 23) by marriage Countess Hereford.
On 24th December 1165 King William I of Scotland (age 22) was crowned I King Scotland.
On 24th December 1166 King John of England was born to King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England (age 33) and Eleanor of Aquitaine Queen Consort Franks and England (age 44). He was given the nickname "Sans Terre", aka "without land", or in English "Lackland" as a consequence of his being the youngest son. He married (1) 29th August 1189 his half second cousin Isabella Fitzrobert 3rd Countess Gloucester and Essex, daughter of William Fitzrobert 2nd Earl Gloucester and Hawise Beaumont Countess Gloucester (2) 24th August 1200 his fourth cousin once removed Isabella of Angoulême Queen Consort England, daughter of Aymer Angoulême I Count Angoulême and Alice Courtenay Countess Angoulême, and had issue.
Chronica Majora by Matthew Paris. In the night of Christmas eve [1236], also, a very fierce storm of wind raged, attended by thunder and a deluge of rain, and shook towers and other buildings, and the confusion of the elements rendered the roads and seas impassable. And thus in that year about the equinoctial season, the storm twice repeated ravaged England with irreparable damage. The Lord indeed seemed, owing to the sins of the people, to have sent this flood as a scourge to the earth, and to fulfil the threat contained in the Gospel "There shall be upon the earth distress of nations, with perplexity; the sea and the waves roaring."
Archaeologia Volume 35 1853 XXXIII. On the 24th of December [1357], and on Christmas Day, the Queen (age 62) entertained the Maréchal Arnould D'Audenham, sometimes written D'Andrehen, and Regnaut Sire D'Aubigny, both French prisoners taken at Poitiers. The former, Marshal of France, and a man of great note of the time, is a very frequent visitor with the Queen, and was probably active in concerting terms for a treaty between the crowns of England and France.
On 24th December 1389 John Montfort V Duke Brittany was born to John Montfort V Duke Brittany (age 50) and Joanna of Navarre Queen Consort England (age 19). He a great x 3 grandson of King Henry III of England. He married August 1396 his second cousin Joan Valois Duchess Brittany, daughter of Charles "Beloved Mad" VI King France and Isabeau Wittelsbach Queen Consort France, and had issue.
On 24th December 1407 Frederick "Empty Pockets" Habsburg 4th Duke Austria (age 25) and Elizabeth Wittelsbach Duchess Austria were married at Innsbruck. She by marriage Duchess Austria. She the daughter of Rupert King Germany (age 55). He the son of Leopold "The Just" Habsburg III Duke Austria and Viridis Visconti Duchess Austria (age 55). They were third cousin twice removed.
On 24th December 1440 Albert Wittelsbach was born to Albert Wittelsbach III Duke Bavaria (age 39) and Anna Brunswick Grubenhagen Duchess Bavaria (age 26). He died aged four in 1445.
On 24th December 1447 Margarete Habsburg Duchess Bavaria (age 52) died.
On 24th December 1543 John Wallop (age 53) was appointed 313th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VIII of England and Ireland (age 52). See Chronicle of Calais.
On 24th December 1598 Margaret Stewart was born to King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland (age 32) and Anne of Denmark Queen Consort Scotland England and Ireland (age 24). She died aged one in 1600.
Anne Boleyn. Her Life as told by Lancelot de Carle's 1536 Letter.
In 1536, two weeks after the execution of Anne Boleyn, her brother George and four others, Lancelot du Carle, wrote an extraordinary letter that described Anne's life, and her trial and execution, to which he was a witness. This book presents a new translation of that letter, with additional material from other contemporary sources such as Letters, Hall's and Wriothesley's Chronicles, the pamphlets of Wynkyn the Worde, the Memorial of George Constantyne, the Portuguese Letter and the Baga de Secrets, all of which are provided in Appendices.
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On 24th December 1634 William Hamilton 1st Duke Hamilton was born to William Douglas 1st Marquess Douglas (age 45) and Mary Gordon Marchioness Douglas (age 34). He married 29th April 1656 his third cousin Anne Hamilton 3rd Duchess Hamilton, daughter of James Hamilton 1st Duke Hamilton and Margaret aka Mary Feilding, and had issue.
On 24th December 1638 Ralph Montagu 1st Duke Montagu was born to Edward Montagu 2nd Baron Montagu (age 22) and Anne Winwood (age 23). He married (1) 1673 his third cousin once removed Elizabeth Wriothesley Countess Northumberland, daughter of Thomas Wriothesley 4th Earl of Southampton 2nd Earl Chichester and Elizabeth Leigh Countess Southampton, and had issue (2) 8th September 1692 Elizabeth "Mad Duchess" Cavendish Duchess Albermarle Duchess of Montagu, daughter of Henry Cavendish 2nd Duke Newcastle upon Tyne and Frances Pierrepont Duchess Newcastle upon Tyne.
John Evelyn's Diary. 24th December 1643. On Christmas eve, I went to see the Cathedral at Nôtre Dame [Map], erected by Philip Augustus, but begun by King Robert, son of Hugh Capet. It consists of a Gothic fabric, sustained with 120 pillars, which make two aisles in the church round about the choir, without comprehending the chapels, being 174 paces long, 60 wide, and 100 high. The choir is inclosed with stonework graven with the sacred history, and contains forty-five chapels chancelled with iron. At the front of the chief entrance are statues in relievo of the kings, twenty-eight in number, from Childebert to the founder, Philip; and above them are two high square towers, and another of a smaller size, bearing a spire in the middle, where the body of the church forms a cross. The great tower is ascended by 389 steps, having twelve galleries from one to the other. They greatly reverence the crucifix over the screen of the choir, with an image of the Blessed Virgin. There are some good modern paintings hanging on the pillars. The most conspicuous statute is the huge colossal one of St. Christopher; with divers other figures of men, houses, prospects and rocks, about this gigantic piece; being of one stone, and more remarkable for its bulk than any other perfection. This is the prime church of France for dignity, having archdeacons, vicars, canons, priests, and chaplains in good store, to the number of 127. It is also the palace of the archbishop. The young king was there with a great and martial guard, who entered the nave of the church with drums and fifes, at the ceasing of which I was entertained with the church music; and so I left him.
John Evelyn's Diary. 24th December 1643. I went with some company to see some remarkable places without the city: as the Isle, and how it is encompassed by the Rivers Seine and the Ouse. The city is divided into three parts, whereof the town is greatest. The city lies between it and the University in form of an island. Over the Seine is a stately bridge called Pont Neuf, begun by Henry III in 1578, finished by Henry IV his successor. It is all of hewn freestone found under the streets, but more plentifully at Montmartre, and consists of twelve arches, in the midst of which ends the point of an island, on which are built handsome artificers' houses. There is one large passage for coaches, and two for foot passengers three or four feet higher, and of convenient breadth for eight or ten to go abreast. On the middle of this stately bridge, on one side, stands the famous statue of Henry the Great on horseback, exceeding the natural proportion by much; and, on the four faces of a stately pedestal (which is composed of various sorts of polished marbles and rich moldings), inscriptions of his victories and most signal actions are engraven in brass. The statue and horse are of copper, the work of the great John di Bologna, and sent from Florence by Ferdinand the First, and Cosmo the Second, uncle and cousin to Mary de Medicis, the wife of King Henry, whose statue it represents. The place where it is erected is inclosed with a strong and beautiful grate of iron, about which there are always mountebanks showing their feats to the idle passengers. From hence is a rare prospect toward the Louvre and suburbs of St. Germains, the Isle du Palais, and Nôtre Dame. At the foot of this bridge is a water-house, on the front whereof, at a great height, is the story of Our Savior and the woman of Samaria pouring water out of a bucket. Above, is a very rare dial of several motions, with a chime, etc. The water is conveyed by huge wheels, pumps, and other engines, from the river beneath. The confluence of the people and multitude of coaches passing every moment over the bridge, to a new spectator is an agreeable diversion. Other bridges there are, as that of Nôtre Dame and the Pont-au-Change, etc., fairly built, with houses of stone, which are laid over this river; only the Pont St. Anne, landing the suburbs of St. Germains at the Tuileries, is built of wood, having likewise a water house in the midst of it, and a statue of Neptune casting water out of a whale's mouth, of lead, but much inferior to the Samaritan.
Calendar of State Papers Charles II 24 Dec 1664. 24th December 1644. Warrant for a commission to Anthony Lord Ashley (age 23) to be Treasurer of the prize goods, paying all salaries and expenses; the balance to be paid to the Exchequer, or to the Navy Treasurer or Lieutenant of Ordnance on warrants. [Hnt. Book 16, pp. 300-1.]
Calendar of State Papers Charles II 24 Dec 1664. 24th December 1644. Warrant for a commission to Sir Henry Bennet (age 26) to be Comptroller of all manner of prize ships and goods, adjudged in the Admiralty Court to belong to the King; he is to assist the Commissioners, have what officers he requires under him, keep counterparts of all indentures, inventories, &c., and accounts of all expenses, [Ent. Book 16, pp. 299-300. ]
In December 1660 King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 30) rewarded of further tranche of those who supported his Restoration by awarding them Baronetcies...
On 3rd December 1660 George Winn 1st Baronet (age 53) was created 1st Baronet Winn of Nostel in Yorkshire.
On 22nd December 1660 John Keyt 1st Baronet (age 44) was created 1st Baronet Keyt of Ebrington in Gloucestershire for having raised a troop of horse to fight in the Royalist cause.
On 24th December 1660 William Frankland 1st Baronet (age 20) was created 1st Baronet Frankland of Thirkleby in Yorkshire.
On 24th December 1660 Mary Stewart Princess Orange (age 29) died of smallpox. Her brother Henry Stewart 1st Duke Gloucester had also died of smallpox a few weeks before; she was buried in the same vault in the King Henry VII Chapel, Westminster Abbey [Map] on 2nd January 1661.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 24th December 1662. So to my brother's and shoemaker, and so to my Lord Crew's, and dined alone with him, and after dinner much discourse about matters. Upon the whole, I understand there are great factions at Court, and something he said that did imply a difference like to be between the King (age 32) and the Duke (age 29), in case the Queen (age 24) should not be with child. I understand, about this bastard (age 13)1. He says, also, that some great man will be aimed at when Parliament comes to sit again; I understand, the Chancellor (age 53) and that there is a bill will be brought in, that none that have been in arms for the Parliament shall be capable of office. And that the Court are weary of my Lord Albemarle (age 54) and Chamberlin (age 60). He wishes that my Lord Sandwich (age 37) had some good occasion to be abroad this summer which is coming on, and that my Lord Hinchingbroke (age 14) were well married, and Sydney (age 12) had some place at Court. He pities the poor ministers that are put out, to whom, he says, the King is beholden for his coming in, and that if any such thing had been foreseen he had never come in.
Note 1. James Crofts, son of Charles II by Lucy Walter, created Duke of Monmouth in 1663, Duke of Buccleuch in 1673, when he took the name of Scott.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 24th December 1664. Having sat up all night to past two o'clock this morning, our porter, being appointed, comes and tells us that the bellman tells him that the star is seen upon Tower Hill [Map]; so I, that had been all night setting in order all my old papers in my chamber, did leave off all, and my boy and I to Tower Hill [Map], it being a most fine, bright moonshine night, and a great frost; but no Comet to be seen. So after running once round the Hill, I and Tom, we home and then to bed. Rose about 9 o'clock and then to the office, where sitting all the morning.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 24th December 1664. So home and to my office, where late. This evening I being informed did look and saw the Comet, which is now, whether worn away or no I know not, but appears not with a tail, but only is larger and duller than any other star, and is come to rise betimes, and to make a great arch, and is gone quite to a new place in the heavens than it was before: but I hope in a clearer night something more will be seen.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 24th December 1665. Sunday. Up betimes, to my Lord Duke of Albemarle (age 57) by water, and after some talke with him about business of the office with great content, and so back again and to dinner, my landlady and her daughters with me, and had mince pie, and very merry at a mischance her young son had in tearing of his new coate quite down the outside of his sleeve in the whole cloth, one of the strangest mishaps that ever I saw in my life.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 24th December 1666. So to the 'Change [Map], and went to the Upper 'Change [Map], which is almost as good as the old one; only shops are but on one side. Then home to the office, and did business till my eyes began to be bad, and so home to supper. My people busy making mince pies, and so to bed. No newes yet of our Gottenburgh fleete; which makes [us] have some fears, it being of mighty concernment to have our supply of masts safe. I met with Mr. Cade to-night, my stationer; and he tells me that he hears for certain that the Queene-Mother (age 57) is about and hath near finished a peace with France, which, as a Presbyterian, he do not like, but seems to fear it will be a means to introduce Popery.
The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy
The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.
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Samuel Pepys' Diary. 24th December 1667. Up, and all the morning at the office, and at noon with my clerks to dinner, and then to the office again, busy at the office till six at night, and then by coach to St. James's, it being about six at night; my design being to see the ceremonys, this night being the eve of Christmas, at the Queen's (age 29) chapel. But it being not begun I to Westminster Hall [Map], and there staid and walked, and then to the Swan [Map], and there drank and talked, and did banter a little Frank, and so to White Hall, and sent my coach round, I through the Park to chapel, where I got in up almost to the rail, and with a great deal of patience staid from nine at night to two in the morning, in a very great crowd; and there expected, but found nothing extraordinary, there being nothing but a high masse. The Queen was there, and some ladies. But, Lord! what an odde thing it was for me to be in a crowd of people, here a footman, there a beggar, here a fine lady, there a zealous poor papist, and here a Protestant, two or three together, come to see the shew. I was afeard of my pocket being picked very much.... Their musique very good indeed, but their service I confess too frivolous, that there can be no zeal go along with it, and I do find by them themselves that they do run over their beads with one hand, and point and play and talk and make signs with the other in the midst of their masse. But all things very rich and beautiful; and I see the papists have the wit, most of them, to bring cushions to kneel on, which I wanted, and was mightily troubled to kneel. All being done, and I sorry for my coming, missing of what I expected; which was, to have had a child born and dressed there, and a great deal of do: but we broke up, and nothing like it done: and there I left people receiving the Sacrament: and the Queen gone, and ladies; only my Baroness Castlemayne (age 27), who looked prettily in her night-clothes, and so took my coach, which waited, and away through Covent Garden [Map], to set down two gentlemen and a lady, who come thither to see also, and did make mighty mirth in their talk of the folly of this religion. And so I stopped, having set them down and drank some burnt wine at the Rose Tavern door, while the constables come, and two or three Bellmen went by,
John Evelyn's Diary. 24th December 1685. We were all three Commissioners sworne on our knees by the Cleark of the Crowne, before my Lord Chancellor (age 40), three severall oathes; allegiance, supremacy, and the oath belonging to ye Lord Privy Seal (age 52), wch last we tooke standing. After this the Lord Chancellor invited us all to dinner, but it being Christmas-eve we desir'd to be excus'd, intending at three in ye afternoone to seale divers things which lay ready at ye office; so attended by three of the Clearks of ye Signet, we met and seal'd. Amongst other things was a pardon to West, who being privy to the late conspiracy, had reveal'd the accomplices to save his owne neck. There were also another pardon and two indenizations; and so agreeing to a fortnight's vacation, I return'd home.
On 24th December 1686 Philip Packer (age 68) died.
John Evelyn's Diary. 24th December 1688. The King (age 55) passes into France, whither the Queen (age 30) and child were gone a few days before.
On 24th December 1694 Louisa Lennox Countess Berkeley was born to Charles Lennox 1st Duke Richmond (age 22) and Anne Brudenell Duchess Richmond (age 23). She a granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland. She married 13th February 1711 her sixth cousin James Berkeley 3rd Earl Berkeley, son of Charles Berkeley 2nd Earl Berkeley and Elizabeth Noel Countess Berkeley, and had issue.
On 24th December 1714 Philippe V King Spain (age 31) and Elisabeth Farnese Queen Consort Spain (age 22) were married. He the son of Louis "Le Grand Dauphin" Bourbon Duke Burgundy and Maria Anna Victoria Wittelsbach Duchess Burgundy.
On 24th December 1716 Margaret Cavendish Duchess Newcastle upon Tyne (age 55) died. She was buried in the St Mary and St Laurence's Church, Bolsover [Map].
Minutes of the Society of Antiquaries. 24th December 1718. Mr Vertue (age 34) brought a proof of the Plate of Richard II which had the initial approbation of the Society and their thanks for his Care and Accuracy therein and Mr Treasurer (age 36) was ordered to pay him five Guineas more in part of this Agreement for Engraving.
Mr Vice-President (age 56) by the [?] of the Society ordered Mr Director (age 41) to provide us a Box to lay up the Books in.
Mr Samuel Gale brough several Antique Roman Vessels dug up at Port Mahon, and likewise as Treasurer exhibited where it appears he has [?] in Money upon Amount £29:04:06 and has paid £22:4:4. So remains in his hands £07:00:02.
On 24th December 1786 Edward Fenwick Loraine died. He was buried St Wilfrid's Church, Kirkharle [Map].
Edward Fenwick Loraine: On 15th October 1786 he was born to William Loraine 4th Baronet and Hannah Allgood Lady Loraine.
On 24th December 1793 Frederick William III King Prussia (age 23) and Queen Louise of Prussia (age 17) were married. He the son of Frederick William II King Prussia (age 49) and Queen Frederica Louisa of Prussia (age 42). They were half second cousins. He a great x 5 grandson of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland.
On 24th December 1803 Georg I Duke of Saxe Meiningen (age 42) died. His son Bernhard (age 3) succeeded II Duke Saxe Meiningen.
Adam Murimuth's Continuation and Robert of Avesbury’s 'The Wonderful Deeds of King Edward III'
This volume brings together two of the most important contemporary chronicles for the reign of Edward III and the opening phases of the Hundred Years’ War. Written in Latin by English clerical observers, these texts provide a vivid and authoritative window into the political, diplomatic, and military history of fourteenth-century England and its continental ambitions. Adam Murimuth Continuatio's Chronicarum continues an earlier chronicle into the mid-fourteenth century, offering concise but valuable notices on royal policy, foreign relations, and ecclesiastical affairs. Its annalistic structure makes it especially useful for establishing chronology and tracing the development of events year by year. Complementing it, Robert of Avesbury’s De gestis mirabilibus regis Edwardi tertii is a rich documentary chronicle preserving letters, treaties, and official records alongside narrative passages. It is an indispensable source for understanding Edward III’s claim to the French crown, the conduct of war, and the mechanisms of medieval diplomacy. Together, these works offer scholars, students, and enthusiasts a reliable and unembellished account of a transformative period in English and European history. Essential for anyone interested in medieval chronicles, the Hundred Years’ War, or the reign of Edward III.
Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.
On 24th December 1824 John Downman (age 74) died.
Adeline Horsey Recollections. Belvoir Castle [Map] was another delightful place I stayed at, and I remember the fifth Duke of Rutland (age 66) drinking my health on my eighteenth birthday. His son, the Marquis of Granby (age 28), was a man of consummate tact and presence of mind. At one of the house-parties there was a pretty young married lady with whom he was greatly smitten, and having received every encouragement, he paid a visit to her room after she had retired. The lady was asleep, and just as the Marquis was about to rouse her, the door opened, and the husband, whom he supposed to be otherwise engaged, appeared unexpectedly on the scene. It was an embarrassing moment, but the Marquis, who was equal to the occasion, held up a warning finger and exclaimed in an anxious whisper, "Hush! don't disturb her, she is fast asleep; I was passing, and I thought I smelt fire - but all's well". The husband thanked him with honest gratitude, and doubtless felt all the happier for being under the roof of such a solicitous host.
On 24th December 1845 George I King Greece was born to King Christian IX of Denmark (age 27) and Queen Louise Hesse-Kassel of Denmark (age 28). He a great x 3 grandson of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland. Coefficient of inbreeding 2.84%. He married 15th October 1867 his fifth cousin once removed Olga Constantinovna Holstein Gottorp Romanov Queen Consort Greece and had issue.
On 24th December 1848 Alice Mary Elizabeth Scarth was born to Harry Mengden Scarth (age 34) and Elizabeth Sally Hamilton.
Ten Years' Digging. On the 24th of December we examined a barrow [Possibly Warslow Barrow 1 [Map] which does have a wall over it, or Warslow Barrow 2 [Map] which is near Copse Field?] on an eminence near Warslow, called the Cops, having a wall built across the middle. We found the floor of the mound depressed in the centre, where, at the depth of four feet from the summit, were two skeletons of young men, lying on their left sides, about a yard asunder. One of them possessed a single instrument of flint, the other had two; and in both cases they were deposited under the skull.
The Times. 24th December 1861. Yesterday, with little of the pomp and pageantry of a State ceremonial, but with every outward mark of respect, and with all the solemnity which befitted his high station and his public virties, the mortal remains of the husband (deceased) of our Queen (age 42) were interred in the last resting-place of England's Sovereigns-the Chapel Royal of St. George's, Windsor [Map]. By the express desire of his Royal Highness the funeral was of the plainest and most private character; but in the Chapel, to do honour to his obsequies, were assembled all the chiefest men of the State, and throughout England, by every sign of sorrow and imourning, the nation manifested its sense of the loss wlhich it has sustaiined. Windsor itself wore an aspect of the most profound gloom. Every shop was closed and every blind drawn down. The streets were silent and almost deserted, and all wvho appeared abroad were dressed in the deepest mourning. The great bell of Windsor Castle [Map] clanged out: its doleful sound at intervals from an early hour, and minute bells were tolled also at St. John's Church. At the parish church of Cleover and at St. John's there were services in the morning and: aternoon, and the day was observed throughout the Royal borough in the strictest manner. The weather was in character with the occasion, a chill, damp air, with a dull leaden sky above, increased the gloom which hung over all. There were but few visitors in the town, for the procession did not pass beyond the immediate precincts of the Chapel and Castle, and none were admitted except those connected with the Castle andi their friends. At 11 o'clock a strong force of the A division took possession of the avenues leading to the Chapel Royal, and from that time only the guests specially invited and those who were to take part in the ceremonial were allowed to pass. Shortly afterwards a of honour of the Grenadier Guards, of which regiment his Royal Highness was Colonel, with the colonrs of the regiment shrouded in crape, marched in and took up its position before the principal entrance to the Chapel Royal. Another guard of honour from the same regiment was also on duty in the Quadrangle at the entrance to the State apartments. They were speedily followed by a squadron of the 2nd Life Guards dismounted, and by two companies of the Fusileer Guards, who were drawn uip in single file along each side of the road by which the procession was to pass, from the Norman gateway to the Chapel door. The officers wore the deepest military mourning-scarves, sword-knots, and rosettes of crape. In the Rome Park was stationed a troop of Horse Artillery, which commenced firing minute guns at the end of the Long Walk, advancing slowly until it reached the Castle gates just at the close of the ceremony. The Ministers, the officers of the Queen's Household, and other distinguished personages who had been honoured with an invitation to attend the ceremonial, reached Windsor a special train from Paddington. They were met by carriages provided for them at the station, and began to arrive at the Chapel Royal soon after 11 o'clock. The Earl of Derby (age 62), the Archbishop of Canterbury (age 81), Earl Russell (age 69), and the Duke of Buccleuch were among the first to make their appearance, and as they alighted at the door of the Chapel they were received by the proper officials and conducted to the seats appointed for them in the Choir. In the Great Quadrangle were drawn up the hearse and the mourning coaches, and, all the preparations having been completed within the Castle, the procession began to be formed shortly before 12 o'clock. It had been originally intended that it should leave the Castle by the St. George's gate, and, proceeding down Castle-hill, approach the Chapel through Henry VII.'s gateway, but at a late hour this arrangement was changed, and the shorter route by the Norman gatewvay was chosen.
The crowd which had gradually collected at the foot of Castle-hill, owing to this change, saw nothing of the procession but the empty carriages as they returned to the Castle after setting down at the Chapel. The few spectators who were fortunate enough to gain admission to the Lower Ward stood in a narrow fringe along the edge of the flags in front of the houses of the Poor Knights, and their presence was the only exception to the strict privacy of the ceremonial. The Prince of Wales (age 20) and the other Royal mourners assembled in the Oak Room, but did not form part of the procession. They were conveyed to the Chapel in private carriages before the coffin was placed in the hearse, passing through St. George's gatewayinto the Lower Ward. In the first carriage were the Prince of Wales, Prince Arthur (age 11), and the Duke of Saxe Coburg (age 8). The Crown Prince of Prussia (age 30), the Duke of Brabant (age 26), and the Count of Flanders (age 24) followed in the next; and in the others were the Duke de Nemours (age 47), Prince Louis of Hesse (age 24), Prince Edward of Saxe-Weimar (age 38), and the Maharajah Dhuleep Singh, with the gentlemen of their respective suites. Scarcely had they alighted at the door of Wolsey's Chapel, from which they were conducted through the Chapter Room to the door of the Chapel Royal to be in readiness to meet the coffin, when the first minute gun fired in tlhe distance, and the rattle of the troops reversing arms announced that the procession had started, and exactly at 12 o'clock the first mourning coach moved from under the Norman gateway. First came nine mourning coaches, each drawn by four horses, conveying the Physicians, Equerries, and other members of the household of the late Prince. In the last were the Lord Steward (age 63) (Earl St. Germans), the Lord Chamberlain (age 56) (Viscount Sidney), and the Master of the Horse (age 57) (the Marquis of Ailesbury). The carriages and trappings were of the plainest description; the horses had black velvet housings and feathers, but on the carriages there, were no feathers or ornaments of any kind. The mourning coaches were followed by one of the Queen's carriages, drawn by six horses, and attended by servants in State liveries, in which was the Groom of the Stole (age 26), Earl Spencer, carrying the crown, and a Lord of the Bedchamber, Lord George Lennox, carrying the baton, sword, and hat of his late Royal Highness. Next escorted by a troop of the 2nd Life Guards, came the hearse, drawn by six black horses, which, like the carriages, was quite plain and unornamented. On the housings of the horses and on the sides of the hearse were emblazoned the scutcheons of Her Majesty and of the Prince, each surmounted by a, crown, the Prince's arms being in black and Her Majesty's in white. The procession was closed by four State carriages.
On 24th December 1879 Alexandrine Mecklenburg-Schwerin Queen Consort Denmark was born to Grand Duke Frederick Francis III of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (age 28). She married 26th April 1898 her fourth cousin once removed Christian X King of Denmark, son of Frederick VIII King of Denmark and Louise of Sweden Queen Consort Denmark, and had issue.
On 24th December 1894 James Atlay Bishop of Hereford 1817-1894 died. Monument in the North Transept of Hereford Cathedral [Map]. Sculpted by James Forsyth (age 66).
The Times. 24th December 1895. The Duke of Leeds (deceased) died at Hornby Castle [Map], yesterday morning at 5 o'clock. He recently contracted a severe chill, which led to an attack of bronchitis. He took to his bed about a week ago and gradually sank. George Godolphin Osborne, ninth Duke of Leeds in the peerage of England, Marquis of Carmarthen, Earl of Danby, Viscount Latimer, and Baron Osbome of Kiveton, all in the peerage of England; Viscount Osbome and Viscount Dunblane in the peerage of Scotland; and Baron Godolphin of Paraham Royal, in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, a baronet, and a Prince or the Holy Roman Empire, was born in Paris in 1828, the eldest son of the eighth duke. He married, in 1861, the Hon. Fanny Georgiana Pitt (age 58), daughter of the fourth Baron Rivers, who was born in 1836 and was Lady of the Bedchamber to the Princess of Wales from 1863 to 1873. He was appointed captain in the North Yorks Militia in 1852, and resigued in 1859, but was reappoined in 1861. He succeeded to the family honours in 1872, and has issue living three sons and five daughters. The family descends from Sir Edward Osborne, knight, who was Vice-President of the Council of the North in 1629 and Lieutenant-General of the forces raised there against the Parliamentary Army in 1841. His son was Treasurer of the Navy and Lord High Chancellor, and as Earl of Danby was impeeched by the Commons in 1679. The fifth duke married Amelia, in her own right Baroness Conyers, but this title left the main line in 1859 on the death of the seventh duke. The late duke was nephew of the late Rev. Lord Sydney Godolphin Osborne, who wrote much over the familiar signature "S.G.O.," and brother of Lord Francis George Godolphin Osborne (age 65), who was rector of Great Elm, but joined the Church of Rome in 1875. The Duke of Leeds is succeeded by his eldest surviving son (age 33), the Marquis of Carmarthen, who was born in 1862, was educated at Eton and Trinity College, Cambridge, and was formerly a lieutenant in the Yorkshire Hussars. Lord Carmarthen unsuccessfully contested the Newmarket Division of Cambridgeshire as a Conservative in 1886, and has sat since July, 1887, for the Brixton Division of Lambeth, in which constituency his sucoession to the peerage now creates a vacancy. Lord Carmarthen was an assistant Private Secretary to the Secretary for the Colonies (Lord Knutsford) from 1886 to 1888. He was appointed Treasurer of the Household on the formation of the present Ministry. He married, in 1884, Lady Katherine Frances Lambton (age 33), daughter of the second Earl of Durham, and has issue four daughters.
After 24th December 1910. Church of St Michael and All Angels, Edenham [Map]. Monument to Gilbert Henry Heathcote Drummond Willoughby 1st Earl Ancaster (deceased).
The Times. 26th December 1910. We regret to state that Lord Ancaster (deceased) died on Saturday night at his Grimsthorpe, Bourne, Lincolnshire seat, in his 81st year.
Gilbert Henry Heathcote-Drummond-Willoughby, created first Earl of Ancaster in 1892, was Joint Hereditary Lord Great Chamberlain of England. This dignity is held jointly by Lord Cholmondeley (age 27), Lord Ancastor, and Lord Carrington (age 67). The late peer filled it during the reign of Queen Victoria, Lord Cholmondeley during that of King Edward, and Lord Carrington fills it during the present reign.
He was born on October 1, 1830, and succeeded his father (age 12) as second Lord Aveland on September 6, 1807, and his mother as 24th Lord Willoughby de Eresby on November 13, 1888.
Few noblemen possessed a longer lineage, for the lordship of Erresby in Lincolnshire was acquired by the family of Bee or Belec bv the marriage of Walter dc Bec with Agnes, daughter and heiress of Hugh Fitz Pincheon, a 12th century magnate of Lincolnshire. A John Beeke received permission from Edward I to make a castle of his manor house at Eresby and was summoned to Parliament as one of the barons of the realm. By his wife, Sarah, daughter of Thomas, Lord Furnival, be had, among other children, Alice, who was married to Sir William de Willoughby, one of those who went with Prince Edward to the Holy Land. His son, Robert, became first Lord Willoughby de Eresby. Subsequent holders of that title played a prominent part in the country's history at home and abroad. The 13th baron was created Earl of Lindsey. The fourth Earl of Lindsey was created Duke of Ancaster and Kesteven in 1713. That dukedom became extinct with the death of the fifth Duke in 1809. The barony of Willoughby de Eresby fell into abeyance between the sisters of the fourth duke until it was terminated by the Crown in 1780 in favour of the elder co-heir, Priscilla Barbara Elizabeth, whom the first Lord Gwydir married in 1779. Their eldest son Peter Robert, 21st Baron Willoughby de Eresby, married the daughter of the first Lord Perth, and one of their daughters became in 1840 the wife of the second Lord Carrington. Almeric, the 22nd Lord Willoughby do Eresby and third Baron Gwydyr of Gwydyr, County Carnarvon, Joint Hereditary Great Chamberlain of England, died in August, 1870. The barony of Willoughby do Eresby again fell into abeyance between his lordship's surviving sisters, and it was terminated in favour of the elder, the Dowager Baroness Aveland, who married in 1827 Sir Gilbert John Heathcote, created Baron Aveland in 1856. Their eldest son was the late Lord Ancaster, whose sister, Clementina Charlotte (age 78), married in 1869 Vice-Admiral Sir George Tryon, who died in her Majesty's ship Victoria in June 1893.
The late Lord Ancaster married in 1863 Lady Evelyn Elizabeth Gordon (age 64), second daughter of the tenth Marquis of Huntly, by whom be had four sons and six daughters. He was educated at Harrow and Trinity College, Cambridge, and sat as Member of Parliament for Rutland from 1856 to 1867. He was a magistrate for Kesteven and chairman of Quarter Sessions, lord of the manor of Thurlbv Baston and Langtoft, as well as chairman of the Stamford Division Conservative and Unionist Association; and was Lord Chamberlain during Queen Victoria's reign and contested the right to continue on King Edward's succession.
He is succeeded in the title by Lord Willoughby de Eresby (age 43),??? for the Hornecastle Division of Lincolnshire, who is a major and hon. lieutenant-colonel of the Lincolnshire Yeomanry and was formerly an officer of the Leicestershire Yeomanry Cavalry. He married in 1905 Eloise Laurence (age 28), eldest daughter of the late Mr. W. L. Breese, of New York, and has a son, Gilbert James (age 3), born in 1907, and two daughters.
The late earl's other children include Major Charles S. Heathcote-Drunmond-Willoughby (age 40), who married Lady Muriel Erskine, daughter of Lord Buchan (age 60); Major Claud Heathcote-Drummond-Willoughby (age 38), who married Lady Florence Astley (age 43), youngest daughter of the third Marquis Ponyngham; Lady Evelyn Clementina (age 46), wife of Major-General Sir Henry Peter Ewart; the Hon. Margaret Mary (age 44), who was married to the late Mr. Gideon Macpherson Rutherford; the Hon. Cecilie (age 36), wife of Mr. T. C. E. Goff; and Lady Dalhousie (age 32). The late peer assumed by Royal licence in 1872 the additional surnames of Willoughby and Drummond. He was a large landowner, owning Drummond Castle Crieff, and extensive deer forests in Perthshire and land in Lincolnshire and Rutland. Recently, however, he sold considerable portion of his estates, in many instances to the tenants who had the option of purchase. He was a very generous landlord, and was highly respected. He used Normanton Castle as his chief country house till Lord Willoughby de Eresby was married; then Normanton became the latter's home, and Lord Ancester lived at Grimsthorpe. He was president of the National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children.
Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke
Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson.
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On 24th December 1914 Montagu Aubrey Rowley Cholmeley 4th Baronet (age 38) was killed in action at La Bassee, Western Front whilst serving with the 3rd Battalion (RESERVE OF OFFICERS), Grenadier Guards. Germans blew up one of the trenches further along the line, so that they could fire down his line of trench. Captain Cholmeley during an attack rushed forward towards the flank of the company which was and was shot through the head and killed instantaneously. His son Hugh (age 8) succeeded 5th Baronet Cholmeley of Easton in Lincolnshire.
After 24th December 1929. Memorial to George Jobson Marples at Holy Trinity Church, Ashford-in-the-Water [Map].
On 24th December 1944 Alfred Drury (age 88) died.
On 26th November 1950 Edward William Spencer Cavendish 10th Duke Devonshire (age 55) died. His son Andrew (age 30) succeeded 11th Duke Devonshire, 14th Earl Devonshire, 6th Earl Burlington, 14th Baron Cavendish Hardwick. Deborah Vivien Mitford Duchess Devonshire (age 30) by marriage Duchess Devonshire. On 24th December 1988 Mary Alice Gascoyne-Cecil Duchess Devonshire (age 55) died. Both the Duke and Duchess were buried in the Cavendish Plot, St Peter's Church, Edensor [Map].
The Times. 24th December 1959. From Our Correspondent STAMFORD BRIDGE [Map], Dec. 23. The Earl of Halifax (deceased) died to-night at his home at Garrowby, near York. He was 78 and had been suffering from a chest complaint. Lord (age 53) and Baroness Feversham (age 49), Lord (age 47) and Lady Irwin (age 43), Lady Clarissa Duncombe (age 21), and Baroness Bingley were at Garrowby when he died. Baroness Feversham said he had suffered from poor breathing for some time and that had been aggravated by a chest infection. Last July Lord Halifax broke his hip when walking in his garden and was flown to London for an operation at University College Hospital. He made a remarkable recovery from the accident. In September he and Lady Halifax celebrated their golden wedding anniversary. The funeral will be in private. A memorial service and requiem will be held in York Minster [Map] next Monday at 11 a.m. The date of a service in London is to be announced later. Obituary on page 8. MR. SELWYN LLOYD'S TRIBUTE Mr. Selwyn Lloyd, Foreign Secretary, in a tribute to Lord Halifax last night, said: "He held high office, as Viceroy of India, Foreign Secretary, and finally as Ambassador to Washington. He adorned each of these offices with his integrity, his idealism, and his ability. He was a great public servant. He will be deeply mourned." WASHINGTON, Dec. 23. Mr. Douglas Dillon, the acting Secretary of State, to-night issued this statement: "The many Americans who knew Lord Halifax deeply regret his passing. He was ever a staunch friend of this country and during his years of public life contributed greatly to the strengthening of Anglo-American relations. He is particularly remembered for his dedicated service to the cause of humanity during the crucial war years as British Ambassador in Washington." Reuter.
On 24th December 1166 King John of England was born to King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England (age 33) and Eleanor of Aquitaine Queen Consort Franks and England (age 44). He was given the nickname "Sans Terre", aka "without land", or in English "Lackland" as a consequence of his being the youngest son. He married (1) 29th August 1189 his half second cousin Isabella Fitzrobert 3rd Countess Gloucester and Essex, daughter of William Fitzrobert 2nd Earl Gloucester and Hawise Beaumont Countess Gloucester (2) 24th August 1200 his fourth cousin once removed Isabella of Angoulême Queen Consort England, daughter of Aymer Angoulême I Count Angoulême and Alice Courtenay Countess Angoulême, and had issue.
On 24th December 1342 Louis Savoy was born to Aymon "Peaceful" Savoy Count Savoy (age 51) and Yolande Palaeologina Countess Savoy. He died aged less than one years old.
On 24th December 1389 John Montfort V Duke Brittany was born to John Montfort V Duke Brittany (age 50) and Joanna of Navarre Queen Consort England (age 19). He a great x 3 grandson of King Henry III of England. He married August 1396 his second cousin Joan Valois Duchess Brittany, daughter of Charles "Beloved Mad" VI King France and Isabeau Wittelsbach Queen Consort France, and had issue.
On 24th December 1440 Albert Wittelsbach was born to Albert Wittelsbach III Duke Bavaria (age 39) and Anna Brunswick Grubenhagen Duchess Bavaria (age 26). He died aged four in 1445.
On 24th December 1502 Thomas Neville was born to Richard Neville 2nd Baron Latimer of Snape (age 34) and Anne Stafford Baroness Latimer (age 31). He married before 28th May 1545 Mary Teye.
On 24th December 1598 Margaret Stewart was born to King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland (age 32) and Anne of Denmark Queen Consort Scotland England and Ireland (age 24). She died aged one in 1600.
On 24th December 1634 William Hamilton 1st Duke Hamilton was born to William Douglas 1st Marquess Douglas (age 45) and Mary Gordon Marchioness Douglas (age 34). He married 29th April 1656 his third cousin Anne Hamilton 3rd Duchess Hamilton, daughter of James Hamilton 1st Duke Hamilton and Margaret aka Mary Feilding, and had issue.
On 24th December 1638 Ralph Montagu 1st Duke Montagu was born to Edward Montagu 2nd Baron Montagu (age 22) and Anne Winwood (age 23). He married (1) 1673 his third cousin once removed Elizabeth Wriothesley Countess Northumberland, daughter of Thomas Wriothesley 4th Earl of Southampton 2nd Earl Chichester and Elizabeth Leigh Countess Southampton, and had issue (2) 8th September 1692 Elizabeth "Mad Duchess" Cavendish Duchess Albermarle Duchess of Montagu, daughter of Henry Cavendish 2nd Duke Newcastle upon Tyne and Frances Pierrepont Duchess Newcastle upon Tyne.
Adam Murimuth's Continuation and Robert of Avesbury’s 'The Wonderful Deeds of King Edward III'
This volume brings together two of the most important contemporary chronicles for the reign of Edward III and the opening phases of the Hundred Years’ War. Written in Latin by English clerical observers, these texts provide a vivid and authoritative window into the political, diplomatic, and military history of fourteenth-century England and its continental ambitions. Adam Murimuth Continuatio's Chronicarum continues an earlier chronicle into the mid-fourteenth century, offering concise but valuable notices on royal policy, foreign relations, and ecclesiastical affairs. Its annalistic structure makes it especially useful for establishing chronology and tracing the development of events year by year. Complementing it, Robert of Avesbury’s De gestis mirabilibus regis Edwardi tertii is a rich documentary chronicle preserving letters, treaties, and official records alongside narrative passages. It is an indispensable source for understanding Edward III’s claim to the French crown, the conduct of war, and the mechanisms of medieval diplomacy. Together, these works offer scholars, students, and enthusiasts a reliable and unembellished account of a transformative period in English and European history. Essential for anyone interested in medieval chronicles, the Hundred Years’ War, or the reign of Edward III.
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On 24th December 1686 Joseph Danvers 1st Baronet was born to Samuel Danvers of Swithland (age 23) and Elizabeth Morewood. He married 7th December 1721 his second cousin once removed Frances Babington Lady D'Anvers and had issue.
On 24th December 1694 Louisa Lennox Countess Berkeley was born to Charles Lennox 1st Duke Richmond (age 22) and Anne Brudenell Duchess Richmond (age 23). She a granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland. She married 13th February 1711 her sixth cousin James Berkeley 3rd Earl Berkeley, son of Charles Berkeley 2nd Earl Berkeley and Elizabeth Noel Countess Berkeley, and had issue.
On 24th December 1724 William Henry Lyttelton 1st Baron Lyttelton was born to Thomas Lyttelton 4th Baronet (age 38) and Christian Temple Lady Lyttelton (age 46). He married (1) 2nd June 1761 Mary Macartney (2) 19th February 1774 Caroline Bristow Baroness Lyttelton and had issue.
On 24th December 1730 Richard Wingfield 3rd Viscount Powerscourt was born to Richard Wingfield 1st Viscount Powerscourt (age 33). He married 7th September 1760 Amelia Stratford Viscountess Powerscourt, daughter of John Stratford 1st Earl Aldborough and Martha O'Neale Countess Aldborough, and had issue.
On 24th December 1738 Arthur Hill-Trevor was born to Arthur Hill aka Hill-Trevor 1st Viscount Dungannon (age 44).
On 24th December 1758 Esther Curzon Lady Smith was born to Assheton Curzon 1st Viscount Curzon (age 28) and Esther Hanmer Baroness Curzon (age 20). She married 8th January 1778 George Smith aka Pauncefoot-Bromley 2nd Baronet, son of George Smith 1st Baronet and Mary Howe Lady Smith, and had issue.
On 24th December 1764 Edward Buller 1st Baronet was born to John Buller (age 43) and Mary St Aubyn.
On 24th December 1766 Georgiana West was born to John West 2nd Earl De La Warr (age 37). She married before 7th November 1796 Edward Percy Buckley of Woolcombe Hall in Dorset and had issue.
On 24th December 1766 William Arbuthnot 1st Baronet was born to Robert Keith Arbuthnot (age 38).
On 24th December 1803 Jemima Cornwallis Countess St Germans was born to Charles Cornwallis 2nd Marquess Cornwallis (age 29) and Louisa Gordon Marchioness Cornwallis (age 26) at Brome, Suffolk. She married 2nd September 1824 Edward Granville Eliot 3rd Earl St Germans, son of William Eliot 2nd Earl St Germans and Georgiana Augusta Leveson-Gower, and had issue.
On 24th December 1808 Elizabeth Green Countess Harrington was born to William Green of Trelawney Jamaica. She married 23rd April 1831 Leicester FitzGerald Charles Stanhope 5th Earl of Harrington, son of Charles Stanhope 3rd Earl of Harrington and Jane Fleming Countess Harrington, and had issue.
On 24th December 1808 Charles Vivian 2nd Baron Vivian was born to Hussey Vivian 1st Baron Vivian (age 33).
On 24th December 1814 Henry Brand 1st Viscount Hampden was born to General Henry Otway Trevor 21st Baron Dacre 20th Baron Multon (age 37) and Pyne Crosbie Lady of the Bedchamber (age 34). He married 16th April 1838 Eliza Ellice and had issue.
On 24th December 1823 Bishop William Clifford was born to Charles Clifford 7th Baron Clifford Chudleigh (age 33) at Irnham.
Anne Boleyn. Her Life as told by Lancelot de Carle's 1536 Letter.
In 1536, two weeks after the execution of Anne Boleyn, her brother George and four others, Lancelot du Carle, wrote an extraordinary letter that described Anne's life, and her trial and execution, to which he was a witness. This book presents a new translation of that letter, with additional material from other contemporary sources such as Letters, Hall's and Wriothesley's Chronicles, the pamphlets of Wynkyn the Worde, the Memorial of George Constantyne, the Portuguese Letter and the Baga de Secrets, all of which are provided in Appendices.
Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.
On 24th December 1824 Adeline Horsey Countess Cardigan was born to Spencer de Horsey (age 34) and Louisa Rous at 6 Charles Street, Berkeley Square. She married 28th September 1858 James Brudenell 7th Earl Cardigan, son of Robert Brudenell 6th Earl Cardigan and Penelope Cooke Countess Cardigan.
On 24th December 1824 Heneage Finch 6th Earl Aylesford was born to Heneage Finch 5th Earl Aylesford (age 38) and Augusta Sophia Greville Countess Aylesford at Packington, Worcestershire.
On 24th December 1826 Robert Juckes Clifton 9th Baronet was born to Juckes Granville Juckes-Clifton 8th Baronet (age 57) and Marianne Swinfen Lady Clifton.
On 24th December 1842 Blanche Craven Countess Coventry was born to William Craven 2nd Earl Craven (age 33) and Emily Mary Grimston Countess Craven (age 26). She married 24th January 1865 George Coventry 9th Earl Coventry and had issue.
On 24th December 1844 Arthur Hill 5th Marquess Downshire was born to Arthur Hill 4th Marquess Downshire (age 32) and Caroline Stapleton-Cotton Marchioness Downshire (age 29). He married 25th July 1870 Georgiana Elizabeth Balfour and had issue.
On 24th December 1845 George I King Greece was born to King Christian IX of Denmark (age 27) and Queen Louise Hesse-Kassel of Denmark (age 28). He a great x 3 grandson of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland. Coefficient of inbreeding 2.84%. He married 15th October 1867 his fifth cousin once removed Olga Constantinovna Holstein Gottorp Romanov Queen Consort Greece and had issue.
On 24th December 1848 Alice Mary Elizabeth Scarth was born to Harry Mengden Scarth (age 34) and Elizabeth Sally Hamilton.
On 24th December 1858 Captain Arthur Grenville Fortescue was born to Hugh Fortescue 3rd Earl Fortescue (age 40) and Georgina Augusta Dawson-Damer Countess Fortescue (age 32). He married 12th January 1886 Lilla Gertrude Ellen Fane.
On 24th December 1875 Margaret Crichton-Stuart was born to John Crichton-Stuart 3rd Marquis of the Isle of Bute (age 28) and Gwendolen Mary Anne Fitzalan Howard Marchioness Bute (age 21).
On 24th December 1877 Ralph Francis Forward Howard 7th Earl Wicklow was born. He married Gladys Mary Hamilton Countess Wicklow, daughter of James Hamilton 2nd Duke of Abercorn and Mary Anna Curzon Howe Duchess Abercorn.
Anne Boleyn. Her Life as told by Lancelot de Carle's 1536 Letter.
In 1536, two weeks after the execution of Anne Boleyn, her brother George and four others, Lancelot du Carle, wrote an extraordinary letter that described Anne's life, and her trial and execution, to which he was a witness. This book presents a new translation of that letter, with additional material from other contemporary sources such as Letters, Hall's and Wriothesley's Chronicles, the pamphlets of Wynkyn the Worde, the Memorial of George Constantyne, the Portuguese Letter and the Baga de Secrets, all of which are provided in Appendices.
Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.
On 24th December 1879 Alexandrine Mecklenburg-Schwerin Queen Consort Denmark was born to Grand Duke Frederick Francis III of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (age 28). She married 26th April 1898 her fourth cousin once removed Christian X King of Denmark, son of Frederick VIII King of Denmark and Louise of Sweden Queen Consort Denmark, and had issue.
On 24th December 1893 Alexander Peregrine Fuller-Acland-Hood 2nd Baron St Audries was born to Alexander Fuller-Acland-Hood 1st Baron St Audries (age 40) and Mildred Rose Evelyn Eveleigh-de-Moleyns Baroness St Audries.
On 24th December 1910 Noel Percy Hugh Dryden 10th and 7th Baronet was born to Major John Erasmus Skottowe Dryden (age 57). He married 22nd August 1941 Rosamund Mary Scrope Lady Dryden and had issue.
On 24th December 1920 Reginald Lechmere 7th Baronet was born to Anthony Hungerford Lechmere (age 52).
On 24th December 1932 Colin Cowdrey 1st Baron Cowdrey was born. He married 1985 Anne Elizabeth Fitzalan Baroness Cowdrey, daughter of Bernard Fitzalan 16th Duke of Norfolk and Lavinia Mary Strutt Duchess Norfolk.
On 24th December 1943 Tatton Christopher Sykes 8th Baronet was born to Richard Sykes 7th Baronet (age 38) and Virginia Gilliat Lady Sykes.
On 24th December 1407 Frederick "Empty Pockets" Habsburg 4th Duke Austria (age 25) and Elizabeth Wittelsbach Duchess Austria were married at Innsbruck. She by marriage Duchess Austria. She the daughter of Rupert King Germany (age 55). He the son of Leopold "The Just" Habsburg III Duke Austria and Viridis Visconti Duchess Austria (age 55). They were third cousin twice removed.
On 24th December 1646 Christoper Wray 4th Baronet (age 25) and Frances Foljambe Lady Glentworth (age 19) were married. She by marriage Lady Wray of Glentworth in Lincolnshire. They were first cousins.
On 24th December 1714 Philippe V King Spain (age 31) and Elisabeth Farnese Queen Consort Spain (age 22) were married. He the son of Louis "Le Grand Dauphin" Bourbon Duke Burgundy and Maria Anna Victoria Wittelsbach Duchess Burgundy.
On 24th December 1777 George Townshend 2nd Marquess Townshend (age 24) and Charlotte Mainwaring Ellerker Countess of Leicester (age 6) were married. He the son of George Townshend 1st Marquess Townshend (age 53) and Charlotte Compton 16th Baroness Ferrers Chartley 7th Baroness Compton.
Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes
Récits d’un bourgeois de Valenciennes aka The Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes is a vivid 14th-century vernacular chronicle written by an anonymous urban chronicler from Valenciennes in the County of Hainaut. It survives in a manuscript that describes local and regional history from about 1253 to 1366, blending chronology, narrative episodes, and eyewitness-style accounts of political, military, and social events in medieval France, Flanders, and the Low Countries. The work begins with a chronological framework of events affecting Valenciennes and its region under rulers such as King Philip VI of France and the shifting allegiances of local nobility. It includes accounts of conflicts, sieges, diplomatic manoeuvres, and the impact of broader struggles like the Hundred Years’ War on urban life in Hainaut. Written from the perspective of a burgher (bourgeois) rather than a monastery or royal court, the chronicle offers a rare lay viewpoint on high politics and warfare, reflecting how merchants, townspeople, and civic institutions experienced the turbulence of the 13th and 14th centuries. Its narrative style combines straightforward reporting of events with moral and civic observations, making it a valuable source for readers interested in medieval urban society, regional politics, and the lived experience of war and governance in pre-modern Europe.
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On 24th December 1793 Frederick William III King Prussia (age 23) and Queen Louise of Prussia (age 17) were married. He the son of Frederick William II King Prussia (age 49) and Queen Frederica Louisa of Prussia (age 42). They were half second cousins. He a great x 5 grandson of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland.
On 24th December 1809 Granville Leveson-Gower 1st Earl Granville (age 36) and Harriet Cavendish Countess Granville (age 24) were married. She the daughter of William Cavendish 5th Duke Devonshire (age 61) and Georgiana Spencer Duchess Devonshire. He the son of Granville Leveson-Gower 1st Marquess Stafford and Susanna Stewart Marchioness Stafford. They were half fourth cousin once removed.
On 24th December 1065 Ferdinand "Great" I King Leon (age 50) died. His son Sancho (age 28) succeeded II King Castile.
On 24th December 1120 Welf "Fat" Welf V Duke Bavaria (age 48) died. His brother Henry (age 45) succeeded IX Duke Bavaria. Wulfhilde of Saxony Duchess Bavaria (age 48) by marriage Duchess Bavaria.
On 24th December 1143 Miles Gloucester 1st Earl Hereford was accidentally shot and killed whilst hunting in the Forest of Dean, Gloucestershire. He was buried in the Chapter House, Llanthony Secunda Priory, Gloucestershire. His son Roger (age 18) succeeded 2nd Earl Hereford, Baron Abergavenny Feudal Creation. Cecilia Fitzjohn Countess Hereford (age 23) by marriage Countess Hereford.
On 24th December 1193 William D'Aubigny 2nd Earl Lincoln 2nd Earl of Arundel (age 55) died. His son William (age 13) succeeded 3rd Earl Lincoln, 3rd Earl Arundel and inherited Castle Rising Castle [Map].
On 24th December 1257 John of Avesnes I Count Hainaut (age 39) died. His son John (age 10) succeeded II Count Hainault, II Count Holland.
On 24th December 1281 Henry "Great" Luxemburg V Count Luxemburg III Count Namur (age 65) died. His son Henry (age 41) succeeded VI Count Luxemburg.
On 24th December 1447 Margarete Habsburg Duchess Bavaria (age 52) died.
On 24th December 1489 Elizabeth Pole Baroness Marshal and Morley (age 21) died in Hallingbury Morley, Essex.
On 24th December 1585 Frederick Windsor 4th Baron Windsor (age 26) died. His brother Henry (age 23) succeeded 5th Baron Windsor of Stanwell in Buckinghamshire.
On 24th December 1648 Mary Morris Countess Dover (age 83) died.
Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough
A canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: 'In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed.'
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On 24th December 1660 Mary Stewart Princess Orange (age 29) died of smallpox. Her brother Henry Stewart 1st Duke Gloucester had also died of smallpox a few weeks before; she was buried in the same vault in the King Henry VII Chapel, Westminster Abbey [Map] on 2nd January 1661.
On 24th December 1686 Philip Packer (age 68) died.
On 24th December 1698 Mary Adundell Lady Tichborne (age 71) died.
On 24th December 1705 Fairmeadow Penyston 4th Baronet (age 49) died. Baronet Penyston of Leigh in Iden in Sussex extinct.
On 24th December 1708 John Lindsay-Crawford 1st Viscount Garnock (age 39) died. His son Patrick (age 11) succeeded 2nd Viscount Garnock.
On 24th December 1716 Margaret Cavendish Duchess Newcastle upon Tyne (age 55) died. She was buried in the St Mary and St Laurence's Church, Bolsover [Map].
On 24th December 1719 William O'Brien 3rd Earl Inchiquin (age 57) died. His son William (age 19) succeeded 4th Earl Inchiquin.
On 24th December 1721 John Cecil 6th Earl Exeter (age 47) died. His son John (age 21) succeeded 7th Earl Exeter, 8th Baron Burghley.
On 24th December 1801 Joseph Hoare 1st Baronet (age 93) died. His son Edward (age 56) succeeded 2nd Baronet Hoare of Annabella in County Cork.
On 24th December 1803 Georg I Duke of Saxe Meiningen (age 42) died. His son Bernhard (age 3) succeeded II Duke Saxe Meiningen.
Annals of the six Kings of England by Nicholas Trivet
Translation of the Annals of the Six Kings of England by that traces the rise and rule of the Angevin aka Plantagenet dynasty from the mid-12th to early 14th century. Written by the Dominican scholar Nicholas Trivet, the work offers a vivid account of English history from the reign of King Stephen through to the death of King Edward I, blending political narrative with moral reflection. Covering the reigns of six monarchs—from Stephen to Edward I—the chronicle explores royal authority, rebellion, war, and the shifting balance between crown, church, and nobility. Trivet provides detailed insight into defining moments such as baronial conflicts, Anglo-French rivalry, and the consolidation of royal power under Edward I, whose reign he describes with particular immediacy. The Annals combines careful year-by-year reporting with thoughtful interpretation, presenting history not merely as a sequence of events but as a moral and political lesson. Ideal for readers interested in medieval history, kingship, and the origins of the English state, this chronicle remains a valuable and accessible window into the turbulent world of the Plantagenet kings.
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On 24th December 1811 Anne Duff Countess Dumfries (age 73) died.
On 24th December 1814 Samuel Hood 1st Baronet (age 52) died. His nephew Alexander (age 21) succeeded 2nd Baronet Hood of Tidlake in Surrey.
On 24th December 1824 John Downman (age 74) died.
On 24th December 1831 Elizabeth Perrin Lady Molyneux (age 62) died.
On 17th December 1845 or 24th December 1845 Armar Lowry-Corry 3rd Earl Belmore (age 43) died. His son Somerset (age 10) succeeded 4th Earl Belmore in the County of Fermanagh, Viscount Belmore of Fermanagh and Baron Belmore of Castle Coole in the County of Fermanagh.
On 24th December 1851 William Bryan Cooke 8th Baronet (age 69) died. His son William (age 24) succeeded 9th Baronet Cooke of Wheatley Hall in Yorkshire.
On 24th December 1872 Elizabeth Kimber Lady Hamond died.
On 24th December 1875 Philip Stanhope 5th Earl Stanhope (age 70) died. His son Arthur (age 37) succeeded 6th Earl Stanhope. Evelyn Henrietta Pennefather Countess Stanhope by marriage Countess Stanhope.
On 24th December 1882 Fanny Catherine Knight Lady Knatchbull (age 89) died.
On 24th December 1888 William Frederick Pollock 2nd Baronet (age 73) died. His son Frederick (age 43) succeeded 3rd Baronet Pollock of Hatton in Middlesex. Georgina Harriet Deffell Lady Pollock by marriage Lady Pollock of Hatton in Middlesex.
On 24th December 1893 Mary Proctor Lady Buckworth-Herne-Soame died.
On 24th December 1894 Bishop James Atlay (age 77) died.
The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy
The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.
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On 24th December 1897 Maria Adelaide Maude Countess Yarborough (age 83) died.
On 24th December 1898 Elizabeth Green Countess Harrington (age 90) died.
On 24th December 1900 Jane Conyngham Baroness Churchill (age 74) died.
On 24th December 1909 Edward St Lo Malet 5th Baronet (age 37) died. His son Charles (age 3) succeeded 6th Baronet Malet of Wilbury in Wiltshire.
On 24th December 1910 Gilbert Henry Heathcote Drummond Willoughby 1st Earl Ancaster (age 80) died. His son Gilbert (age 43) succeeded 2nd Earl Ancaster in Lincolnshire, 26th Baron Willoughby de Eresby, 3rd Baron Aveland, 7th Baronet Heathcote of London. Eloise Lawrence Breese Countess Ancaster (age 28) by marriage Countess Ancaster in Lincolnshire.
On 24th December 1914 Montagu Aubrey Rowley Cholmeley 4th Baronet (age 38) was killed in action at La Bassee, Western Front whilst serving with the 3rd Battalion (RESERVE OF OFFICERS), Grenadier Guards. Germans blew up one of the trenches further along the line, so that they could fire down his line of trench. Captain Cholmeley during an attack rushed forward towards the flank of the company which was and was shot through the head and killed instantaneously. His son Hugh (age 8) succeeded 5th Baronet Cholmeley of Easton in Lincolnshire.
On 24th December 1922 Philip Sidney 3rd Baron De Lisle and Dudley (age 69) died. His brother Algernon (age 68) succeeded 4th Baron De Lisle and Dudley, 5th Baronet Shelley-Sidney of Penshurst Place in Kent.
On 24th December 1931 Lucy Cecilia Dunn-Garnder Countess Scarborough died.
On 24th December 1936 Frances Garnet Wolseley 2nd Viscountess Wolseley (age 64) died unmarried. Viscount Wolseley of Wolseley in Staffordshire extinct.
On 24th December 1943 Lilian Selina Elizabeth Lumley Marchioness Zetland (age 92) died.
On 24th December 1944 Alfred Drury (age 88) died.
Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall
The Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall (Chronicon Anglicanum) is an indispensable medieval history that brings to life centuries of English and European affairs through the eyes of a learned Cistercian monk. Ralph of Coggeshall, abbot of the Abbey of Coggeshall in Essex in the early 13th century, continued and expanded his community’s chronicle, documenting events from the Norman Conquest of 1066 into the tumultuous reign of King Henry III. Blending eyewitness testimony, careful compilation, and the monastic commitment to record-keeping, this chronicle offers a rare narrative of political intrigue, royal power struggles, and social upheaval in England and beyond. Ralph’s work captures the reigns of pivotal figures such as Richard I and King John, providing invaluable insights into their characters, decisions, and the forces that shaped medieval rule. More than a simple annal, Chronicon Anglicanum conveys the texture of medieval life and governance, making it a rich source for scholars and readers fascinated by English history, monastic authorship, and the shaping of the medieval world.
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On 26th November 1950 Edward William Spencer Cavendish 10th Duke Devonshire (age 55) died. His son Andrew (age 30) succeeded 11th Duke Devonshire, 14th Earl Devonshire, 6th Earl Burlington, 14th Baron Cavendish Hardwick. Deborah Vivien Mitford Duchess Devonshire (age 30) by marriage Duchess Devonshire. On 24th December 1988 Mary Alice Gascoyne-Cecil Duchess Devonshire (age 55) died. Both the Duke and Duchess were buried in the Cavendish Plot, St Peter's Church, Edensor [Map].
On 24th December 1951 Edmund Byng 6th Earl Strafford (age 89) died. His nephew Robert (age 47) succeeded 7th Earl Strafford, 7th Viscount Enfield of Enfield in Middlesex, 7th Baron Strafford of Harmondsworth in Middlesex.
On 24th December 1980 Henry Wilmot Chamberlain 5th Baronet (age 81) died. Baronet Chamberlain of London extinct.
On 24th December 1989 Charles Moore 11th Earl of Drogheda (age 79) died.
On 24th December 2004 Anthony Meyer 3rd Baronet (age 84) died. His son Anthony (age 60) succeeded 4th Baronet Meyer of Shortgrove.